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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Plateau-malagasy|Plateau Malagasy]]  → [[Language/Plateau-malagasy/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Plateau-malagasy/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Conjunctions and Their Usage</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Plateau-malagasy|Plateau Malagasy]]  → [[Language/Plateau-malagasy/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Plateau-malagasy/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Conjunctions and Their Usage</div>
 
Welcome to this essential lesson on '''conjunctions''' in Plateau Malagasy! Conjunctions are a crucial part of any language, as they help us connect words, phrases, and clauses, allowing us to form more complex and meaningful sentences. Understanding how to use conjunctions will significantly enhance your communication skills in Plateau Malagasy, enabling you to express ideas clearly and fluently.
 
In this lesson, we will explore three types of conjunctions used in Plateau Malagasy:
 
* '''Coordinating Conjunctions''': These conjunctions link similar elements together.
 
* '''Subordinating Conjunctions''': These conjunctions introduce subordinate clauses.
 
* '''Correlative Conjunctions''': These work in pairs to connect balanced elements.
 
We'll provide ample examples to illustrate their usage, followed by practice exercises to consolidate your learning. Ready to dive in? Let's get started!


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== Coordinating Conjunctions ===
 
Coordinating conjunctions are used to connect words, phrases, or independent clauses that are of equal grammatical value. In Plateau Malagasy, the most common coordinating conjunction is '''"sy"''', which translates to '''"and"''' in English.
 
Here are some coordinating conjunctions in Plateau Malagasy:


Welcome to the lesson on conjunctions in Plateau Malagasy! Conjunctions play a crucial role in connecting words, phrases, and clauses in a sentence. They help us express relationships between different parts of a sentence and make our communication more precise and coherent. In this lesson, we will explore the various types of conjunctions in Plateau Malagasy, including coordinating, subordinating, and correlative conjunctions, and understand how they are used in different contexts. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of conjunctions and be able to use them effectively in your conversations. So let's dive in!
* '''sy''' (and)


== Coordinating Conjunctions ==
* '''na''' (or)


Coordinating conjunctions are used to connect words, phrases, and clauses that are equal in importance and structure. In Plateau Malagasy, there are seven coordinating conjunctions that are commonly used: **ary**, **na**, **satria**, **fa**, **sa**, **kanefa**, and **tamin'ny**. Let's explore each of these conjunctions and their usage with some examples:
* '''fa''' (but)


=== Ary ===
* '''nefa''' (yet/however)


The conjunction **ary** is used to connect words, phrases, or clauses that present a contrast or alternative options. It can be translated as "and" or "but" in English, depending on the context. Here are a few examples:
* '''na dia''' (even though)
 
==== Examples of Coordinating Conjunctions ====
 
To help you understand their usage, here’s a table illustrating various examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Asa aho **ary** tsy manana fotoana. || Ah-sah ah-ho **a-ree** tsee mah-nah-nah foo-too-ah-nah. || I work **but** I don't have time.
 
| Tiako ny dibera sy ny fromazy. || tiːaku nʲi dɪbɛra si nʲi frɔmazy || I like butter and cheese.
 
|-
|-
| Voaovaoka **ary** lehibe ny samy. || Voo-ah-oh-vah-oh-kah **a-ree** leh-hee-beh ny sah-mee. || It's hot **and** windy.
|}


=== Na ===
| Misakafo izahay na mihinana. || misakafu izaɪ haɪ na mihɪnana || We eat or we snack.
 
|-


The conjunction **na** is used to connect words, phrases, or clauses that present options or possibilities. It can be translated as "or" in English. Here are a few examples:
| Mandeha any an-tsekoly fa manan-kery. || mandeha ʔaɪ anʔsɛkɔli fa mananˈkɛrʲi || He goes to school but is strong.


{| class="wikitable"
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Mandeha **na** tsia. || Mahn-deh-hah **na** tsyah. || Go **or** not.
 
| Te-hanao izany nefa tsy manana vola. || teːʔanaʊ zɪnaɲ nefa tsʲi mananˈa vola || I want to do that yet I have no money.
 
|-
|-
| Mijery ny sary **na** manao sary. || Mee-jeh-ree ny sah-ree **na** mah-nah-oh sah-ree. || Look at the picture **or** draw a picture.
 
| Na dia miasa mafy aza, dia sahy izy. || na dia miasa mafɪ aza, diːa saɪ iʒ || Even though he works hard, he is brave.
 
|}
|}


=== Satria ===
=== Subordinating Conjunctions ===
 
Subordinating conjunctions are used to connect an independent clause with a dependent clause. They help to show the relationship between the two clauses. In Plateau Malagasy, common subordinating conjunctions include:
 
* '''raha''' (if)


The conjunction **satria** is used to introduce a reason or cause for something. It can be translated as "because" or "since" in English. Here are a few examples:
* '''satria''' (because)
 
* '''izay''' (that)
 
* '''na dia''' (even if)
 
* '''mialoha''' (before)
 
==== Examples of Subordinating Conjunctions ====
 
Below is a table with examples for better clarity:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Tsy ho afaka amidy ny antsy **satria** tsy mahay. || Tsee hoo ah-fah-kah ah-mee-dee ny ahn-tsee **sah-tree-ah** tsee mah-hah-y. || You can't catch the snake **because** you don't know how.
 
| Raha mitranga izany, dia hifidy isika. || raːha mitrɪŋa zɪnaɲ, diːa hifɪdʲi iʃka || If that happens, we will choose.
 
|-
|-
| Mahatsiaro ny zava-misy **satria** misy fanafody. || Mah-ha-tsya-roo ny zah-vah-mee-see **sah-tree-ah** mee-see fah-nah-foo-dee. || Be careful **because** there are medicines.
|}


=== Fa ===
| Satria miasa ve izy, dia mahazo vola. || sʲatʲri aː miasa ve iʒ, diːa maːhazo vola || Because he works, he earns money.


The conjunction **fa** is used to introduce a statement that contrasts or contradicts a previous statement. It can be translated as "but" or "yet" in English. Here are a few examples:
|-
 
| Izay nolazainao, dia marina. || iʒaɪ nɔlazainau, diːa maːrina || What you said is true.


{| class="wikitable"
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Tsy manana trano aho **fa** misy fiara. || Tsee mah-nah-nah trah-no ah-ho **fah** mee-see fee-ah-rah. || I don't have a house **but** I have a car.
 
| Na dia lany ny fotoana, dia mitohy ny asako. || na dia lanʲi nʲi fʊtʊna, diːa mitʊʊhi ni asakʊ || Even if the time runs out, my work continues.
 
|-
|-
| Tsy mahay ny fiteny aho **fa** miaina eto. || Tsee mah-hah-y ny fee-teh-nee ah-ho **fah** mee-eye-nah eh-too. || I don't speak the language **but** I live here.
 
| Mialoha ny fivoriana, dia mivory ny olona. || mialoha ni fivoriana, diːa mivɔri ni ʊlʊna || Before the meeting, the people gather.
 
|}
|}


=== Sa ===
=== Correlative Conjunctions ===


The conjunction **sa** is used to introduce a choice between two options. It can be translated as "or" in English. Here are a few examples:
Correlative conjunctions work in pairs to join equal elements in a sentence. In Plateau Malagasy, the following correlative conjunctions are commonly used:
 
* '''na...na''' (either...or)
 
* '''na...tsy''' (whether...or not)
 
* '''tsy...tsy''' (neither...nor)
 
==== Examples of Correlative Conjunctions ====
 
Here are some examples to illustrate their usage:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Mandra-pahafaty aho **sa** mandra-mandriky. || Mahn-drah-pah-hah-fah-tee ah-ho **sah** mahn-drah-mahn-dree-kee. || I can swim **or** I can dive.
 
| Na mividy na manofa, dia aza adino. || na mividʲi na manofa, diːa aʒa adino || Either buy or rent, don’t forget.
 
|-
|-
| Mifampiresaka **sa** mifanentana. || Mee-fahm-pee-reh-sah-kah **sah** mee-fah-nen-tah-nah. || Talk to each other **or** help each other.
|}


=== Kanefa ===
| Na mihinana izy na tsy mihinana, dia mitohy ny fivoriana. || na mihɪnana iʒ na tsy mihɪnana, diːa mitʊʊhi ni fivoriana || Whether he eats or does not eat, the meeting continues.


The conjunction **kanefa** is used to introduce a statement that contrasts or contradicts a previous statement. It can be translated as "but" or "yet" in English. Here are a few examples:
|-
 
| Tsy miandry ny olona tsy ho tonga. || tsy miandʲri ni ʊlʊna tsy ho tʊŋa || Neither the people wait for nor arrive.


{| class="wikitable"
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Tsy manana trano aho **kanefa** misy fiara. || Tsee mah-nah-nah trah-no ah-ho **kah-neh-fah** mee-see fee-ah-rah. || I don't have a house **but** I have a car.
 
| Na miteny izy na mangina, dia afaka misafidy. || na mitʲɛnʲ iʒ na maŋiːna, diːa afaka misafɪdʲi || Either he speaks or is silent, he can choose.
 
|-
|-
| Tsy mahay ny fiteny aho **kanefa** miaina eto. || Tsee mah-hah-y ny fee-teh-nee ah-ho **kah-neh-fah** mee-eye-nah eh-too. || I don't speak the language **but** I live here.
 
| Tsy mandray fiteny tsy ho resahina. || tsy mandʲraɪ fiːtʲɛnʲi tsy ho resahina || Neither will take a language nor be discussed.
 
|}
|}


=== Tamin'ny ===
=== Summary ===
 
In this section, we have covered the primary types of conjunctions in Plateau Malagasy: coordinating, subordinating, and correlative conjunctions. Understanding their usage allows for more complex sentence structures and a deeper expression of thoughts and ideas.
 
Now, let's put your knowledge to the test with some exercises!
 
== Exercises ==
 
Here are some exercises that will help you practice what you've learned about conjunctions in Plateau Malagasy.
 
=== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ===
 
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate conjunction from the list provided: '''(sy, na, fa, satria, raha)'''.
 
1. Izy ______ miasa mafy.
 
2. ______ tonga ianao, dia hiara-miasa isika.
 
3. Manao ny asa ______ lany ny fotoana.
 
4. Tiako ny kafe, ______ tiako ny dite.
 
5. ______ izy no tonga, dia ho faly ny rehetra.
 
=== Solutions to Exercise 1 ===
 
1. Izy '''sy''' miasa mafy. (He is working hard.)
 
2. '''Raha''' tonga ianao, dia hiara-miasa isika. (If you arrive, we will work together.)
 
3. Manao ny asa '''fa''' lany ny fotoana. (Doing the work but time is running out.)
 
4. Tiako ny kafe, '''fa''' tiako ny dite. (I like coffee, but I like tea.)
 
5. '''Satria''' izy no tonga, dia ho faly ny rehetra. (Because he arrived, everyone will be happy.)
 
=== Exercise 2: Translation Exercise ===
 
Translate the following sentences into Plateau Malagasy using the appropriate conjunctions.
 
1. I want to eat pizza or pasta.
 
2. She is happy because she won.
 
3. They will go if it is sunny.
 
4. He will either call you or text you.
 
5. We will gather before the event.
 
=== Solutions to Exercise 2 ===


The conjunction **tamin'ny** is used to introduce a time or condition that is required for something to happen. It can be translated as "when" or "if" in English. Here are a few examples:
1. Te-hanao pizza '''na''' pasta aho.


{| class="wikitable"
2. Faly izy satria nahazo.
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
3. Handeha izy '''raha''' mazava.
| Hifidy ny sary **tamin'ny** hanao karazana. || Hee-fee-dee ny sah-ree **tah-meen-ny** hah-nah-oh kah-rah-zah-nah. || Choose the picture **when** doing an activity.
 
|-
4. Hiantso anao '''na''' handefa hafatra izy.
| Hahazo tombontsoa ianao **tamin'ny** hahazo fanafody. || Hah-hah-zoh toom-boont-soo-ah ee-an-ah-oh **tah-meen-ny** hah-hah-zoh fah-nah-foo-dee. || You will get better **if** you take medicine.
 
|}
5. Hiara-mivory isika '''mialoha''' ny hetsika.
 
=== Exercise 3: Matching Exercise ===
 
Match the English sentences with their correct Plateau Malagasy translations:
 
1. I like apples and oranges. 
 
2. If it rains, we will stay home. 
 
3. She is neither tall nor short. 
 
4. He is either at home or at work. 
 
5. Because I was tired, I went to bed early.
 
| English Sentence | Plateau Malagasy Translation |
 
|------------------|----------------------------|
 
| A) 1 - B) 3 - C) 5 - D) 2 - E) 4 | A) Tiako ny paoma '''sy''' ny voasary. - B) Tsy lava '''tsy''' fohy izy. - C) '''Raha''' orana dia hijanona ao an-trano izahay. - D) Na ao an-trano '''na''' any am-piasana izy. - E) Satria reraka aho, dia natory tamin'ny maraina. |
 
=== Solutions to Exercise 3 ===


== Subordinating Conjunctions ==
A) 1 - B) 3 - C) 5 - D) 2 - E) 4 


Subordinating conjunctions are used to connect a dependent clause to an independent clause. The dependent clause cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. In Plateau Malagasy, there are several subordinating conjunctions that are commonly used. Let's explore a few of them and their usage with some examples:
* A) Tiako ny paoma '''sy''' ny voasary.


=== Raha ===
* B) Tsy lava '''tsy''' fohy izy. 


The conjunction **raha** is used to introduce a condition or hypothetical situation. It can be translated as "if" or "when" in English. Here are a few examples:
* C) '''Raha''' orana dia hijanona ao an-trano izahay.


{| class="wikitable"
* D) Na ao an-trano '''na''' any am-piasana izy.
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Hahita anao **raha** ho avy ianao. || Hah-hee-tah ah-nah-oh **rah-hah** hoo ah-vee ee-an-ah-oh. || I will see you **if** you come.
|-
| Hahazo tombontsoa anao **raha** mifampiresaka amin'ny olona. || Hah-hah-zoh toom-boont-soo-ah ah-nah-oh **rah-hah** mee-fahm-pee-reh-sah-kah ah-meen-ny oh-loo-nah. || You will get better **if** you communicate with people.
|}


=== Sady ===
* E) Satria reraka aho, dia natory tamin'ny maraina. 


The conjunction **sady** is used to connect two ideas that are similar or related. It can be translated as "and" or "as well as" in English. Here are a few examples:
=== Exercise 4: Create Your Sentences ===


{| class="wikitable"
Create your own sentences using the conjunctions learned in this lesson. Use at least three different types of conjunctions.
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Manao asa **sady** mitandrina. || Mah-nah-oh ah-sah **sah-dy** mee-tahn-dree-nah. || I work **and** study.
|-
| Mihaino ny hira **sady** manoratra ny tantara. || Mee-ha-ee-noo ny hee-rah **sah-dy** mah-noh-rah-trah ny tahn-tah-rah. || I listen to music **and** write stories.
|}


=== Raha misy ===
=== Example Solutions to Exercise 4 ===


The conjunction **raha misy** is used to introduce a hypothetical situation or condition. It can be translated as "if there is" or "if there are" in English. Here are a few examples:
1. '''Coordinating''': Tiako ny mofo '''sy''' ny fromazy. (I like bread and cheese.)


{| class="wikitable"
2. '''Subordinating''': '''Raha''' tonga ianao, dia hiara-miasa isika. (If you arrive, we will work together.)
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Hahita anao **raha misy** hafanana. || Hah-hee-tah ah-nah-oh **rah-hah mee-see** hah-fah-nah-nah. || I will see you **if there is** time.
|-
| Ho avy amin'ny fianarana ianao **raha misy** mpianatra hafa. || Hoo ah-vee ah-meen-ny fee-ah-nah-rah-nah ee-an-ah-oh **rah-hah mee-see** mpyah-nah-trah hah-fah. || You will come to class **if there are** other students.
|}


== Correlative Conjunctions ==
3. '''Correlative''': Na mividy '''na''' manofa, dia aza adino. (Either buy or rent, don’t forget.)


Correlative conjunctions are used in pairs to connect words, phrases, or clauses that are equal in importance and structure. In Plateau Malagasy, there are several correlative conjunctions that are commonly used. Let's explore a few of them and their usage with some examples:
=== Exercise 5: Rewrite the Sentences ===


=== Na...na ===
Rewrite the following sentences to include the conjunctions indicated in parentheses.


The correlative conjunction **na...na** is used to connect two words or phrases that share the same characteristic or quality. It can be translated as "both...and" in English. Here are a few examples:
1. I will go to the market. I will buy some fruit. (and)


{| class="wikitable"
2. The weather is nice. We can go outside. (because)
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Mihira **na** matory aho. || Mee-hee-rah **nah** mah-toh-ree ah-ho. || I sing **and** dance.
|-
| Mitady zavatra **na** manao asa izy. || Mee-tah-dee zah-vah-trah **nah** mah-nah-oh ah-sah ee-zee. || He looks for things **and** works.
|}


=== Tsy...fa ===
3. She will study. She will not pass the exam. (if)


The correlative conjunction **tsy...fa** is used to express a negation or exception. It can be translated as "not...but" in English. Here are a few examples:
4. He can play guitar. He can play piano. (either/or)


{| class="wikitable"
5. They will eat lunch. They will go for a walk. (before)
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Tsy mihaino **tsy** mihaino mandrakizay **fa** miteny. || Tsee mee-ha-ee-noo **tsy** mee-ha-ee-noo mahn-drah-kee-zay **fah** mee-teh-nee. || He doesn't listen **but** speaks all the time.
|-
| Tsy mahay ny fiteny aho **tsy** manana mpampianatra **fa** mahay ahy. || Tsee mah-hah-y ny fee-teh-nee ah-ho **tsy** mah-nah-nah m-pahm-pyah-nah-trah **fah** mah-hah-y ah-hy. || I don't speak the language **but** I understand it.
|}


== Cultural Insight ==
=== Solutions to Exercise 5 ===


In Plateau Malagasy culture, the use of conjunctions reflects the importance of clear and concise communication. By using the appropriate conjunctions, speakers can convey their thoughts and ideas more effectively, ensuring that the listener understands the intended meaning. Additionally, the choice of conjunctions can also convey cultural values and norms. For example, the use of coordinating conjunctions like **ary** and **na** highlights the Malagasy preference for presenting contrasting options or possibilities. On the other hand, the use of subordinating conjunctions like **raha** and correlative conjunctions like **na...na** emphasizes the importance of logical reasoning and making connections between different ideas. Understanding the cultural significance of conjunctions can help learners of Plateau Malagasy better navigate conversations and express themselves in a culturally appropriate manner.
1. Handeha any amin’ny tsena '''sy''' hividy voankazo aho.


== Practice Exercises ==
2. Tsara ny toetrandro '''satria''' afaka mandeha ivelany isika. 


Now it's time to practice what you've learned! Complete the following exercises to reinforce your understanding of conjunctions in Plateau Malagasy.
3. Hianatra izy '''raha''' tsy mahazo ny fitsapana.


1. Fill in the blank with the appropriate coordinating conjunction: **ary**, **na**, **satria**, **fa**, **sa**, **kanefa**, or **tamin'ny**.
4. Afaka mitendry gitara '''na''' mitendry piano izy.
a) Zaza iray **___** zanak'i Babeta no antsoina hoe "Zazakely".
b) Tsy hahazo fanafody ianao **___** misy taratasy dokotera.
c) Mifampiresaka **___** miaina eto.
d) Tsy mahay mihira aho **___** matory.
e) Hahita anao **___** ho avy ianao.


2. Translate the following sentences from English to Plateau Malagasy, using the appropriate conjunctions:
5. Haka sakafo antoandro izy '''mialoha''' ny dia.
a) She likes to read **and** write.
b) If it rains, we will stay at home.
c) I don't have money **but** I have friends.
d) He speaks English **and** French.
e) We will go to the beach **if** the weather is good.


== Solutions ==
=== Conclusion ===


1. a) **ary**, b) **kanefa**, c) **sady**, d) **fa**, e) **raha misy**
Congratulations on completing this lesson on conjunctions! You’ve learned how to use coordinating, subordinating, and correlative conjunctions in Plateau Malagasy. Remember, practice makes perfect, so don't hesitate to revisit these examples and exercises to reinforce your understanding.  
2. a) Mahafantatra ny mamaky boky **sady** mitandrina.
b) Raha mihina ny rivotra, ho any amin'ny trano izahay.
c) Tsy manana vola aho **kanefa** manana namana.
d) Miteny teny Anglisy **sady** teny Frantsay izy.
e) Hoharan-toerana izahay **raha misy** tsara ny rivotra.


Congratulations on completing the exercises! You're doing great!
In the next lesson, we will explore family and relationships, where we’ll discover vocabulary related to family members and emotions. Keep up the great work, and see you next time!


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Latest revision as of 08:11, 2 August 2024

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Plateau MalagasyGrammar0 to A1 Course → Conjunctions and Their Usage

Welcome to this essential lesson on conjunctions in Plateau Malagasy! Conjunctions are a crucial part of any language, as they help us connect words, phrases, and clauses, allowing us to form more complex and meaningful sentences. Understanding how to use conjunctions will significantly enhance your communication skills in Plateau Malagasy, enabling you to express ideas clearly and fluently.

In this lesson, we will explore three types of conjunctions used in Plateau Malagasy:

  • Coordinating Conjunctions: These conjunctions link similar elements together.
  • Subordinating Conjunctions: These conjunctions introduce subordinate clauses.
  • Correlative Conjunctions: These work in pairs to connect balanced elements.

We'll provide ample examples to illustrate their usage, followed by practice exercises to consolidate your learning. Ready to dive in? Let's get started!

Coordinating Conjunctions[edit | edit source]

Coordinating conjunctions are used to connect words, phrases, or independent clauses that are of equal grammatical value. In Plateau Malagasy, the most common coordinating conjunction is "sy", which translates to "and" in English.

Here are some coordinating conjunctions in Plateau Malagasy:

  • sy (and)
  • na (or)
  • fa (but)
  • nefa (yet/however)
  • na dia (even though)

Examples of Coordinating Conjunctions[edit | edit source]

To help you understand their usage, here’s a table illustrating various examples:

Plateau Malagasy Pronunciation English
Tiako ny dibera sy ny fromazy. tiːaku nʲi dɪbɛra si nʲi frɔmazy I like butter and cheese.
Misakafo izahay na mihinana. misakafu izaɪ haɪ na mihɪnana We eat or we snack.
Mandeha any an-tsekoly fa manan-kery. mandeha ʔaɪ anʔsɛkɔli fa mananˈkɛrʲi He goes to school but is strong.
Te-hanao izany nefa tsy manana vola. teːʔanaʊ zɪnaɲ nefa tsʲi mananˈa vola I want to do that yet I have no money.
Na dia miasa mafy aza, dia sahy izy. na dia miasa mafɪ aza, diːa saɪ iʒ Even though he works hard, he is brave.

Subordinating Conjunctions[edit | edit source]

Subordinating conjunctions are used to connect an independent clause with a dependent clause. They help to show the relationship between the two clauses. In Plateau Malagasy, common subordinating conjunctions include:

  • raha (if)
  • satria (because)
  • izay (that)
  • na dia (even if)
  • mialoha (before)

Examples of Subordinating Conjunctions[edit | edit source]

Below is a table with examples for better clarity:

Plateau Malagasy Pronunciation English
Raha mitranga izany, dia hifidy isika. raːha mitrɪŋa zɪnaɲ, diːa hifɪdʲi iʃka If that happens, we will choose.
Satria miasa ve izy, dia mahazo vola. sʲatʲri aː miasa ve iʒ, diːa maːhazo vola Because he works, he earns money.
Izay nolazainao, dia marina. iʒaɪ nɔlazainau, diːa maːrina What you said is true.
Na dia lany ny fotoana, dia mitohy ny asako. na dia lanʲi nʲi fʊtʊna, diːa mitʊʊhi ni asakʊ Even if the time runs out, my work continues.
Mialoha ny fivoriana, dia mivory ny olona. mialoha ni fivoriana, diːa mivɔri ni ʊlʊna Before the meeting, the people gather.

Correlative Conjunctions[edit | edit source]

Correlative conjunctions work in pairs to join equal elements in a sentence. In Plateau Malagasy, the following correlative conjunctions are commonly used:

  • na...na (either...or)
  • na...tsy (whether...or not)
  • tsy...tsy (neither...nor)

Examples of Correlative Conjunctions[edit | edit source]

Here are some examples to illustrate their usage:

Plateau Malagasy Pronunciation English
Na mividy na manofa, dia aza adino. na mividʲi na manofa, diːa aʒa adino Either buy or rent, don’t forget.
Na mihinana izy na tsy mihinana, dia mitohy ny fivoriana. na mihɪnana iʒ na tsy mihɪnana, diːa mitʊʊhi ni fivoriana Whether he eats or does not eat, the meeting continues.
Tsy miandry ny olona tsy ho tonga. tsy miandʲri ni ʊlʊna tsy ho tʊŋa Neither the people wait for nor arrive.
Na miteny izy na mangina, dia afaka misafidy. na mitʲɛnʲ iʒ na maŋiːna, diːa afaka misafɪdʲi Either he speaks or is silent, he can choose.
Tsy mandray fiteny tsy ho resahina. tsy mandʲraɪ fiːtʲɛnʲi tsy ho resahina Neither will take a language nor be discussed.

Summary[edit | edit source]

In this section, we have covered the primary types of conjunctions in Plateau Malagasy: coordinating, subordinating, and correlative conjunctions. Understanding their usage allows for more complex sentence structures and a deeper expression of thoughts and ideas.

Now, let's put your knowledge to the test with some exercises!

Exercises[edit | edit source]

Here are some exercises that will help you practice what you've learned about conjunctions in Plateau Malagasy.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate conjunction from the list provided: (sy, na, fa, satria, raha).

1. Izy ______ miasa mafy.

2. ______ tonga ianao, dia hiara-miasa isika.

3. Manao ny asa ______ lany ny fotoana.

4. Tiako ny kafe, ______ tiako ny dite.

5. ______ izy no tonga, dia ho faly ny rehetra.

Solutions to Exercise 1[edit | edit source]

1. Izy sy miasa mafy. (He is working hard.)

2. Raha tonga ianao, dia hiara-miasa isika. (If you arrive, we will work together.)

3. Manao ny asa fa lany ny fotoana. (Doing the work but time is running out.)

4. Tiako ny kafe, fa tiako ny dite. (I like coffee, but I like tea.)

5. Satria izy no tonga, dia ho faly ny rehetra. (Because he arrived, everyone will be happy.)

Exercise 2: Translation Exercise[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Plateau Malagasy using the appropriate conjunctions.

1. I want to eat pizza or pasta.

2. She is happy because she won.

3. They will go if it is sunny.

4. He will either call you or text you.

5. We will gather before the event.

Solutions to Exercise 2[edit | edit source]

1. Te-hanao pizza na pasta aho.

2. Faly izy satria nahazo.

3. Handeha izy raha mazava.

4. Hiantso anao na handefa hafatra izy.

5. Hiara-mivory isika mialoha ny hetsika.

Exercise 3: Matching Exercise[edit | edit source]

Match the English sentences with their correct Plateau Malagasy translations:

1. I like apples and oranges.

2. If it rains, we will stay home.

3. She is neither tall nor short.

4. He is either at home or at work.

5. Because I was tired, I went to bed early.

| English Sentence | Plateau Malagasy Translation |

|------------------|----------------------------|

| A) 1 - B) 3 - C) 5 - D) 2 - E) 4 | A) Tiako ny paoma sy ny voasary. - B) Tsy lava tsy fohy izy. - C) Raha orana dia hijanona ao an-trano izahay. - D) Na ao an-trano na any am-piasana izy. - E) Satria reraka aho, dia natory tamin'ny maraina. |

Solutions to Exercise 3[edit | edit source]

A) 1 - B) 3 - C) 5 - D) 2 - E) 4

  • A) Tiako ny paoma sy ny voasary.
  • B) Tsy lava tsy fohy izy.
  • C) Raha orana dia hijanona ao an-trano izahay.
  • D) Na ao an-trano na any am-piasana izy.
  • E) Satria reraka aho, dia natory tamin'ny maraina.

Exercise 4: Create Your Sentences[edit | edit source]

Create your own sentences using the conjunctions learned in this lesson. Use at least three different types of conjunctions.

Example Solutions to Exercise 4[edit | edit source]

1. Coordinating: Tiako ny mofo sy ny fromazy. (I like bread and cheese.)

2. Subordinating: Raha tonga ianao, dia hiara-miasa isika. (If you arrive, we will work together.)

3. Correlative: Na mividy na manofa, dia aza adino. (Either buy or rent, don’t forget.)

Exercise 5: Rewrite the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Rewrite the following sentences to include the conjunctions indicated in parentheses.

1. I will go to the market. I will buy some fruit. (and)

2. The weather is nice. We can go outside. (because)

3. She will study. She will not pass the exam. (if)

4. He can play guitar. He can play piano. (either/or)

5. They will eat lunch. They will go for a walk. (before)

Solutions to Exercise 5[edit | edit source]

1. Handeha any amin’ny tsena sy hividy voankazo aho.

2. Tsara ny toetrandro satria afaka mandeha ivelany isika.

3. Hianatra izy raha tsy mahazo ny fitsapana.

4. Afaka mitendry gitara na mitendry piano izy.

5. Haka sakafo antoandro izy mialoha ny dia.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations on completing this lesson on conjunctions! You’ve learned how to use coordinating, subordinating, and correlative conjunctions in Plateau Malagasy. Remember, practice makes perfect, so don't hesitate to revisit these examples and exercises to reinforce your understanding.

In the next lesson, we will explore family and relationships, where we’ll discover vocabulary related to family members and emotions. Keep up the great work, and see you next time!


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]


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