Difference between revisions of "Language/Amharic/Grammar/Fidel-and-Syllables"

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Next Lesson — Pronunciation and Phonetics ▶️

Amharic → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Fidel and Syllables

Welcome to our lesson on Fidel and Syllables! This topic is foundational in understanding the Amharic language, as it introduces you to the unique writing system known as Fidel. The Amharic script is not just a collection of letters; it's a rich and expressive system that combines consonants and vowels into syllables, forming the building blocks of the language.

Why is this important? Mastering the Fidel will not only enhance your reading and writing skills but also deepen your understanding of how Amharic sounds and flows. By the end of this lesson, you'll be able to recognize and produce syllables in Amharic, making your language journey that much more exciting and fulfilling.

In this lesson, we will cover:

An overview of the Amharic Fidel system

How syllables are formed using consonants and vowels

Examples to illustrate the concepts

Practice exercises to solidify your understanding

So, let’s dive right in!

Overview of Amharic Fidel[edit | edit source]

The Amharic Fidel, or Fidel script, consists of a set of characters that represent syllables rather than individual sounds. Each character corresponds to a consonant combined with a vowel. This is quite different from the English alphabet, which has separate letters for both consonants and vowels.

The Fidel consists of:

Consonants: These are the building blocks of syllables.

Vowels: Each consonant can be combined with different vowels to create various syllables.

The basic structure of a Fidel character is a consonant followed by a vowel. For example, the character for "ሀ" (ha) is a combination of the consonant "ሀ" (h) with the vowel "አ" (a).

Structure of Syllables[edit | edit source]

In Amharic, a syllable typically consists of:

A Consonant + A Vowel (CV)

A Consonant + A Vowel + A Consonant (CVC)

Let’s explore this further with some examples.

Consonant-Vowel (CV) Structure[edit | edit source]

Here’s a table showing some examples of simple CV syllables:

Amharic	Pronunciation	English
ሀ	hä	ha
ለ	lä	la
ሐ	hä	ha (emphatic)
ሙ	mu	mu
በ	bä	ba
ነ	nä	na
ወ	wä	wa
ገ	gä	ga
ታ	tä	ta
ዘ	zä	za

As you can see, each Fidel character combines a consonant with a vowel, creating a unique sound.

Consonant-Vowel-Consonant (CVC) Structure[edit | edit source]

Now, let's look at some examples of CVC syllables:

Amharic	Pronunciation	English
ምር	mǝr	mir
በር	bǝr	ber
ተር	tǝr	ter
ነይ	nǝy	ney
ገይ	gǝy	gey
ለይ	lǝy	ley
አይ	ay	ay
ወይ	way	way
ታይ	tay	tay
ዘይ	zay	zay

These CVC syllables give you a glimpse into more complex sounds in the Amharic language.

Vowel Variations[edit | edit source]

Each consonant in the Fidel can also represent different vowels. There are seven primary vowels in Amharic, and they are as follows:

1. ä (as in "father")

2. u (as in "food")

3. i (as in "machine")

4. e (as in "bed")

5. a (as in "cat")

6. o (as in "go")

7. ə (a schwa sound)

Each vowel changes the pronunciation of the consonant and forms a new syllable. Here’s how the same consonant can change with different vowels:

Consonant	ä	u	i	e	a	o	ə
ሀ (h)	ሐ	ሑ	ሒ	ሔ	ሕ	ሖ	ሗ
ለ (l)	ለ	ሉ	ሊ	ል	ሏ	ሐ	ሗ
መ (m)	መ	ሙ	ም	ሞ	ሟ	ሠ	ሡ
ነ (n)	ነ	ኑ	ኒ	ኔ	ን	ኖ	ኗ
ገ (g)	ገ	ጉ	ጊ	ግ	ጏ	ጐ	጑

This table illustrates how each consonant can create various syllables depending on the vowel used.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now it’s time for you to practice what you’ve learned! Here are some exercises to help you reinforce your understanding of the Fidel and syllables.

Exercise 1: Identify the Syllable[edit | edit source]

Write the Amharic syllable for the given consonant and vowel combination:

1. Consonant: ሀ (h), Vowel: ä

2. Consonant: ለ (l), Vowel: u

3. Consonant: መ (m), Vowel: i

4. Consonant: ነ (n), Vowel: e

5. Consonant: ገ (g), Vowel: a

Solutions:

1. ሀ = hä

2. ለ = lu

3. መ = mi

4. ነ = ne

5. ገ = ga

Exercise 2: Match the Syllables[edit | edit source]

Match the Amharic syllable with its English pronunciation:

1. ምር

2. በር

3. ወይ

4. ታይ

5. አይ

Answers:

1. mǝr

2. bǝr

3. way

4. tay

5. ay

Exercise 3: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with the correct Amharic syllables:

1. _____ (h) + _____ (ä) = _____

2. _____ (l) + _____ (u) = _____

3. _____ (m) + _____ (i) = _____

4. _____ (n) + _____ (e) = _____

5. _____ (g) + _____ (a) = _____

Solutions:

1. ሀ + አ = ሀ

2. ለ + ኡ = ለ

3. መ + ኢ = መ

4. ነ + ኤ = ነ

5. ገ + አ = ገ

Exercise 4: Create Your Own Syllables[edit | edit source]

Using the consonants and vowels provided, create your own syllables:

1. Consonant: በ (b), Vowel: _____

2. Consonant: ወ (w), Vowel: _____

3. Consonant: ም (m), Vowel: _____

4. Consonant: ሐ (h), Vowel: _____

5. Consonant: አ (a), Vowel: _____

Answers will vary; encourage students to be creative!

Exercise 5: Translate to English[edit | edit source]

Translate the following Amharic syllables into English:

1. ሀ

2. ለ

3. ም

4. ነ

5. ገ

Solutions:

1. ha

2. la

3. mi

4. ne

5. ge

Exercise 6: Identify the Pattern[edit | edit source]

Look at the following syllables and identify the pattern:

1. ለ, ሉ, ሊ

2. ም, ሙ, ም

3. ቀ, ቁ, ቂ

Answers:

1. The pattern is the vowel variation of the consonant "ለ."

2. The pattern is the same consonant "ም" with different vowels.

3. The pattern is the vowel variation of the consonant "ቀ."

Exercise 7: Syllable Construction[edit | edit source]

Construct a syllable using the consonant "አ" and each of the seven vowels.

Solutions:

1. አን (än)

2. አይ (ay)

3. አኑ (anu)

4. አኔ (ane)

5. አክ (ak)

6. አኞ (año)

7. አግ (ag)

Exercise 8: Listening Practice[edit | edit source]

Listen to the teacher pronounce the following syllables and write them down:

1. ሀ

2. ለ

3. ም

4. ነ

5. ገ

Answers will depend on the teacher's pronunciation.

Exercise 9: Syllable Identification[edit | edit source]

Identify the following syllables as CV or CVC:

1. ሀ

2. ምር

3. በር

4. ገይ

5. ነይ

Solutions:

1. CV

2. CVC

3. CVC

4. CVC

5. CVC

Exercise 10: Final Quiz[edit | edit source]

1. What is the Amharic character for "ha"?

2. How many primary vowels are in Amharic?

3. Create a CVC syllable using the consonant "ሐ."

4. What does the syllable "በ" mean in English?

5. Write down the syllable formed from the consonant "ገ" with the vowel "u."

Answers:

1. ሀ

2. Seven

3. ሐም (ham)

4. ba

5. ጉ (gu)

Congratulations! You've completed the lesson on Fidel and Syllables. With practice, you'll soon be able to read and write in Amharic with confidence. Keep practicing, and don't hesitate to revisit this lesson whenever you need a refresher!

Table of Contents - Amharic Course - 0 to A1[edit source]

Course Presentation

Introduction to Amharic Alphabet

Basic Vocabulary

Basic Sentence Structure

Everyday Vocabulary

Intermediate Sentence Structure

Advanced Vocabulary

Ethiopian Culture and Traditions

Sources[edit | edit source]

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

Next Lesson — Pronunciation and Phonetics ▶️

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+<span pgnav>
+{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
+|[[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Pronunciation-and-Phonetics|Next Lesson — Pronunciation and Phonetics ▶️]]
+|}
+</span>
 {{Amharic-Page-Top}}
+<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Amharic|Amharic]]  → [[Language/Amharic/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Fidel and Syllables</div>
+Welcome to our lesson on '''Fidel and Syllables'''! This topic is foundational in understanding the Amharic language, as it introduces you to the unique writing system known as '''Fidel'''. The Amharic script is not just a collection of letters; it's a rich and expressive system that combines consonants and vowels into syllables, forming the building blocks of the language.
+Why is this important? Mastering the Fidel will not only enhance your reading and writing skills but also deepen your understanding of how Amharic sounds and flows. By the end of this lesson, you'll be able to recognize and produce syllables in Amharic, making your language journey that much more exciting and fulfilling.
+In this lesson, we will cover:
+* An overview of the Amharic Fidel system
-<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Amharic|Amharic]]  → [[Language/Amharic/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Introduction to Amharic Alphabet → Fidel and Syllables</div>
+* How syllables are formed using consonants and vowels
+* Examples to illustrate the concepts
+* Practice exercises to solidify your understanding
+So, let’s dive right in!
 __TOC__
-Amharic is an ancient Semitic language that is spoken mainly in Ethiopia. It is one of the official languages of Ethiopia and has been in use for over 2,000 years. Amharic has its own unique script known as the Ge'ez script or Fidel, which is used to write the language. In this lesson, you will learn about the Amharic Fidel and how it is used to form syllables.
+=== Overview of Amharic Fidel ===
+The Amharic Fidel, or '''Fidel script''', consists of a set of characters that represent syllables rather than individual sounds. Each character corresponds to a consonant combined with a vowel. This is quite different from the English alphabet, which has separate letters for both consonants and vowels.
+The Fidel consists of:
-<span link>Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Using-Phrasal-Verbs-in-Amharic|Using Phrasal Verbs in Amharic]] & [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Expressing-Obligation-or-Necessity|Expressing Obligation or Necessity]].</span>
+* '''Consonants''': These are the building blocks of syllables.
-== The Amharic Fidel ==
-The Amharic Fidel consists of 33 basic characters, each representing a consonant and a vowel combination. These characters come in seven different shapes, a square, rectangle, triangle, circle, diamond, pentagon, and hexagon. By modifying some of these shapes, additional characters can be formed.
+* '''Vowels''': Each consonant can be combined with different vowels to create various syllables.
-The Fidel is written from left to right and does not have separate capital and lowercase forms. It is used to write Amharic, as well as other Ethiopian languages such as Tigrinya and Gurage. The Fidel is also used for religious texts in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church.
+The basic structure of a Fidel character is a consonant followed by a vowel. For example, the character for "ሀ" (ha) is a combination of the consonant "ሀ" (h) with the vowel "አ" (a).
-Below is a table showing the Amharic Fidel characters and their transliteration:
+=== Structure of Syllables ===
+In Amharic, a syllable typically consists of:
+* A '''Consonant''' + A '''Vowel''' (CV)
+* A '''Consonant''' + A '''Vowel''' + A '''Consonant''' (CVC)
+Let’s explore this further with some examples.
+==== Consonant-Vowel (CV) Structure ====
+Here’s a table showing some examples of simple CV syllables:
 {| class="wikitable"
-! Amharic !! Transliteration !! English
+! Amharic !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| ሀ || ha || h
+| ሀ || hä || ha
 |-
-| ሁ || hu || hu
+| ለ || lä || la
 |-
-| ሂ || hi || hi
+| ሐ || hä || ha (emphatic)
 |-
-| ሃ || haa || ha
+| ሙ || mu || mu
 |-
-| ሄ || hee || he
+| በ || bä || ba
 |-
-| ህ || hə || hə
+| ነ || nä || na
 |-
-| ሆ || ho || ho
+| ወ || wä || wa
 |-
-| ለ || lǝ || l
+| ገ || gä || ga
 |-
-| ሉ || lu || lu
+| ታ || tä || ta
 |-
-| ሊ || li || li
+| ዘ || zä || za
+|}
+As you can see, each Fidel character combines a consonant with a vowel, creating a unique sound.
+==== Consonant-Vowel-Consonant (CVC) Structure ====
+Now, let's look at some examples of CVC syllables:
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Amharic !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| ላ || laa || la
+| ምር || mǝr || mir
 |-
-| ሌ || lee || le
+| በር || bǝr || ber
 |-
-| ል || lə || lə
+| ተር || tǝr || ter
 |-
-| ሎ || lo || lo
+| ነይ || nǝy || ney
 |-
-| ሐ || ha || h
+| ገይ || gǝy || gey
 |-
-| ሑ || hu || hu
+| ለይ || lǝy || ley
 |-
-| ሒ || hi || hi
+| አይ || ay || ay
 |-
-| ሓ || haa || ha
+| ወይ || way || way
 |-
-| ሔ || hee || he
+| ታይ || tay || tay
 |-
-| ሕ || hə || hə
+| ዘይ || zay || zay
+|}
+These CVC syllables give you a glimpse into more complex sounds in the Amharic language.
+=== Vowel Variations ===
+Each consonant in the Fidel can also represent different vowels. There are seven primary vowels in Amharic, and they are as follows:
+. '''ä''' (as in "father")
+. '''u''' (as in "food")
+. '''i''' (as in "machine")
+. '''e''' (as in "bed")
+. '''a''' (as in "cat")
+. '''o''' (as in "go")
+. '''ə''' (a schwa sound)
+Each vowel changes the pronunciation of the consonant and forms a new syllable. Here’s how the same consonant can change with different vowels:
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Consonant !! ä !! u !! i !! e !! a !! o !! ə
 |-
-| ሖ || ho || ho
+| ሀ (h) || ሐ || ሑ || ሒ || ሔ || ሕ || ሖ || ሗ
 |-
-| መ || ma || m
+| ለ (l) || ለ || ሉ || ሊ || ል || ሏ || ሐ || ሗ
 |-
-| ሙ || mu || mu
+| መ (m) || መ || ሙ || ም || ሞ || ሟ || ሠ || ሡ
 |-
-| ሚ || mi || mi
+| ነ (n) || ነ || ኑ || ኒ || ኔ || ን || ኖ || ኗ
 |-
-| ማ || maa || ma
-|-
+| ገ (g) || ገ || ጉ || ጊ || ግ || ጏ || ጐ || ጑
-| ሜ || mee || me
-|-
-| ም || mə || mə
-|-
-| ሞ || mo || mo
-|-
-| ሟ || sho || sh
-|-
-| ሠ || su || su
-|-
-| ሡ || si || si
-|-
-| ሢ || sa || sa
-|-
-| ሣ || saa || sa
-|-
-| ሤ || se || se
-|-
-| ሥ || sə || sə
 |}
-In addition to these basic characters, there are also characters that represent syllable-ending vowels and a few special characters that represent specific sounds.
+This table illustrates how each consonant can create various syllables depending on the vowel used.
+=== Practice Exercises ===
+Now it’s time for you to practice what you’ve learned! Here are some exercises to help you reinforce your understanding of the Fidel and syllables.
+==== Exercise 1: Identify the Syllable ====
+Write the Amharic syllable for the given consonant and vowel combination:
-It's important to remember that each character in the Fidel represents a consonant and a vowel. Unlike English, where vowels can be written on their own, in Amharic, each vowel sound is always accompanied by a consonant sound.
+. Consonant: ሀ (h), Vowel: ä
-== Forming Syllables ==
+. Consonant: ለ (l), Vowel: u
-To form a syllable in Amharic, you simply combine a consonant character and a vowel character. The vowel character is written either above, below or beside the consonant character, depending on the vowel sound.
+. Consonant: መ (m), Vowel: i
-For example, let's take the word "ሀሳይ" (hasay) which means "the horse". The Fidel characters used are "ሀ" (ha), "ሳ" (sa), and "ይ" (yi). In this word, "ha" is the consonant sound and "a" is the first vowel sound. To represent the "a" sound, the vowel character "አ" (a) is written below the consonant character. The character "ሳ" (sa) represents the consonant sound "s" and the vowel sound "a". Finally, the character "ይ" (yi) represents the consonant sound "y" and the vowel sound "i".
+. Consonant: ነ (n), Vowel: e
-In Amharic, a syllable can have up to three sounds, one consonant and two vowels. The second vowel sound is often a neutral vowel sound that is represented by the character "እ" (ǝ).
+. Consonant: ገ (g), Vowel: a
-For example, the word "በልዶም" (beldom) which means "he/she arrived" consists of four Fidel characters: "በ" (be), "ል" (le), "ዶ" (do), and "ም" (m). In this word, "be" is the consonant sound, "e" is the first vowel sound, and "do" is the second consonant sound. The second vowel sound is a neutral vowel sound and is represented by the character "እ" (ǝ). Finally, "m" represents the consonant sound and vowel sound "ə". Thus, the syllables in this word are "bel", "do", and "mǝ".
+''Solutions:''
-It's important to note that not all consonant and vowel combinations are possible in Amharic. Each consonant character has a limited set of vowel characters that can be combined with it to form a syllable.
+. ሀ = hä
-== Practice ==
+. ለ = lu
-Now that you have learned about the Amharic Fidel and how syllables are formed, it's time to practice. Here are a few exercises to help you get started:
+. መ = mi
-* Write the Amharic characters and transliteration for the following words: "hello", "goodbye", "thank you", "yes", "no", "please", "water", "food".
+. ነ = ne
-* Write the Amharic characters and transliteration for the following words: "teacher", "student", "book", "school", "pen", "paper", "desk", "chair".
+. ገ = ga
-* Write the Amharic characters and transliteration for the following words: "mother", "father", "sister", "brother", "grandmother", "grandfather", "aunt", "uncle".
+==== Exercise 2: Match the Syllables ====
-== Summary ==
+Match the Amharic syllable with its English pronunciation:
-In this lesson, we learned about the Amharic Fidel and how it is used to form syllables. We also learned that each character in the Fidel represents a consonant and a vowel combination, and that a syllable is formed by combining a consonant character and a vowel character. Finally, we practiced writing some basic Amharic words using the Fidel. In the next lesson, we will learn about Amharic pronunciation and phonetics.
+. ምር
+. በር
+. ወይ
+. ታይ
+. አይ
+''Answers:''
+. mǝr
+. bǝr
+. way
+. tay
+. ay
+==== Exercise 3: Fill in the Blanks ====
+Fill in the blanks with the correct Amharic syllables:
+. _____ (h) + _____ (ä) = _____
+. _____ (l) + _____ (u) = _____
+. _____ (m) + _____ (i) = _____
+. _____ (n) + _____ (e) = _____
+. _____ (g) + _____ (a) = _____
+''Solutions:''
+. ሀ + አ = ሀ
+. ለ + ኡ = ለ
+. መ + ኢ = መ
+. ነ + ኤ = ነ
+. ገ + አ = ገ
+==== Exercise 4: Create Your Own Syllables ====
+Using the consonants and vowels provided, create your own syllables:
+. Consonant: በ (b), Vowel: _____
+. Consonant: ወ (w), Vowel: _____
+. Consonant: ም (m), Vowel: _____
+. Consonant: ሐ (h), Vowel: _____
+. Consonant: አ (a), Vowel: _____
+''Answers will vary; encourage students to be creative!''
+==== Exercise 5: Translate to English ====
+Translate the following Amharic syllables into English:
+. ሀ
+. ለ
+. ም
+. ነ
+. ገ
+''Solutions:''
+. ha
+. la
+. mi
+. ne
+. ge
+==== Exercise 6: Identify the Pattern ====
+Look at the following syllables and identify the pattern:
+. ለ, ሉ, ሊ
+. ም, ሙ, ም
+. ቀ, ቁ, ቂ
+''Answers:''
+. The pattern is the vowel variation of the consonant "ለ."
+. The pattern is the same consonant "ም" with different vowels.
+. The pattern is the vowel variation of the consonant "ቀ."
+==== Exercise 7: Syllable Construction ====
+Construct a syllable using the consonant "አ" and each of the seven vowels.
+''Solutions:''
+. አን (än)
+. አይ (ay)
+. አኑ (anu)
+. አኔ (ane)
+. አክ (ak)
+. አኞ (año)
+. አግ (ag)
+==== Exercise 8: Listening Practice ====
+Listen to the teacher pronounce the following syllables and write them down:
+. ሀ
+. ለ
+. ም
+. ነ
+. ገ
+''Answers will depend on the teacher's pronunciation.''
+==== Exercise 9: Syllable Identification ====
+Identify the following syllables as CV or CVC:
+. ሀ
+. ምር
+. በር
+. ገይ
+. ነይ
+''Solutions:''
+. CV
+. CVC
+. CVC
+. CVC
+. CVC
+==== Exercise 10: Final Quiz ====
+. What is the Amharic character for "ha"?
+. How many primary vowels are in Amharic?
+. Create a CVC syllable using the consonant "ሐ."
+. What does the syllable "በ" mean in English?
+. Write down the syllable formed from the consonant "ገ" with the vowel "u."
+''Answers:''
+. ሀ
+. Seven
+. ሐም (ham)
+. ba
+. ጉ (gu)
+Congratulations! You've completed the lesson on '''Fidel and Syllables'''. With practice, you'll soon be able to read and write in Amharic with confidence. Keep practicing, and don't hesitate to revisit this lesson whenever you need a refresher!
 {{#seo:
-|title=Amharic Grammar → Introduction to Amharic Alphabet → Fidel and Syllables
-|keywords=Amharic, Fidel, Syllables, Consonants, Vowels
+|title=Learn Amharic Fidel and Syllables
-|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the Amharic Fidel and how it is used to form syllables.
+|keywords=Amharic, Fidel, Syllables, Language Learning, Amharic Grammar, Beginners Amharic
+|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the Amharic Fidel writing system and how to form syllables using consonants and vowels. Perfect for beginners!
 }}
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-<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo></span> <span temperature=1></span>
+<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
+==Sources==
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amharic Amharic - Wikipedia]
+* [https://www.mustgo.com/worldlanguages/amharic/ Amharic Language - Dialects & Structure - MustGo]
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Amharic Help:IPA/Amharic - Wikipedia]
 ==Other Lessons==
@@ Line 148: / Line 469: @@
 * [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]]
-<span class='maj'></span>
-==Sources==
-* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amharic Amharic - Wikipedia]
-* [https://www.mustgo.com/worldlanguages/amharic/ Amharic Language - Dialects & Structure - MustGo]
-* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Amharic Help:IPA/Amharic - Wikipedia]
 {{Amharic-Page-Bottom}}
-<span links></span>
+<span pgnav>
+{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
+|[[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Pronunciation-and-Phonetics|Next Lesson — Pronunciation and Phonetics ▶️]]
+|}
+</span>

Difference between revisions of "Language/Amharic/Grammar/Fidel-and-Syllables"

Latest revision as of 03:23, 2 August 2024

Overview of Amharic Fidel[edit | edit source]

Structure of Syllables[edit | edit source]

Consonant-Vowel (CV) Structure[edit | edit source]

Consonant-Vowel-Consonant (CVC) Structure[edit | edit source]

Vowel Variations[edit | edit source]

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Exercise 1: Identify the Syllable[edit | edit source]

Exercise 2: Match the Syllables[edit | edit source]

Exercise 3: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Exercise 4: Create Your Own Syllables[edit | edit source]

Exercise 5: Translate to English[edit | edit source]

Exercise 6: Identify the Pattern[edit | edit source]

Exercise 7: Syllable Construction[edit | edit source]

Exercise 8: Listening Practice[edit | edit source]

Exercise 9: Syllable Identification[edit | edit source]

Exercise 10: Final Quiz[edit | edit source]

Table of Contents - Amharic Course - 0 to A1[edit source]

Sources[edit | edit source]

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

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