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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Plateau-malagasy|Plateau Malagasy]]  → [[Language/Plateau-malagasy/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Plateau-malagasy/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Conjunctions and Their Usage</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Plateau-malagasy|Plateau Malagasy]]  → [[Language/Plateau-malagasy/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Plateau-malagasy/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Conjunctions and Their Usage</div>


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Plateau Malagasy has various types of conjunctions, which are used to join words, phrases, and clauses. In this lesson, we will explore coordinating, subordinating, and correlative conjunctions and learn their usage in Plateau Malagasy sentences.  
== Introduction ==
 
Welcome to the lesson on conjunctions in Plateau Malagasy! Conjunctions play a crucial role in connecting words, phrases, and clauses in a sentence. They help us express relationships between different parts of a sentence and make our communication more precise and coherent. In this lesson, we will explore the various types of conjunctions in Plateau Malagasy, including coordinating, subordinating, and correlative conjunctions, and understand how they are used in different contexts. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of conjunctions and be able to use them effectively in your conversations. So let's dive in!
 
== Coordinating Conjunctions ==
 
Coordinating conjunctions are used to connect words, phrases, and clauses that are equal in importance and structure. In Plateau Malagasy, there are seven coordinating conjunctions that are commonly used: **ary**, **na**, **satria**, **fa**, **sa**, **kanefa**, and **tamin'ny**. Let's explore each of these conjunctions and their usage with some examples:
 
=== Ary ===
 
The conjunction **ary** is used to connect words, phrases, or clauses that present a contrast or alternative options. It can be translated as "and" or "but" in English, depending on the context. Here are a few examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Asa aho **ary** tsy manana fotoana. || Ah-sah ah-ho **a-ree** tsee mah-nah-nah foo-too-ah-nah. || I work **but** I don't have time.
|-
| Voaovaoka **ary** lehibe ny samy. || Voo-ah-oh-vah-oh-kah **a-ree** leh-hee-beh ny sah-mee. || It's hot **and** windy.
|}


=== Na ===


<span link>Take a moment to explore these relevant pages as you conclude this lesson: [[Language/Plateau-malagasy/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]] & [[Language/Plateau-malagasy/Grammar/Negation|Negation]].</span>
The conjunction **na** is used to connect words, phrases, or clauses that present options or possibilities. It can be translated as "or" in English. Here are a few examples:
== Coordinating Conjunctions ==
Coordinating conjunctions are used to connect words, phrases, or clauses that have equal importance in a sentence. In Plateau Malagasy, there are seven coordinating conjunctions, which are:


* Ary - and
{| class="wikitable"
* Na - or  
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
* Tsy - not  
|-
* Fa - but
| Mandeha **na** tsia. || Mahn-deh-hah **na** tsyah. || Go **or** not.
* Kanefa - however
|-
* Nefa - although
| Mijery ny sary **na** manao sary. || Mee-jeh-ree ny sah-ree **na** mah-nah-oh sah-ree. || Look at the picture **or** draw a picture.
* Satria - because
|}


All these coordinating conjunctions are used to connect ideas or parts of a sentence without indicating any specific order. 
=== Satria ===


Examples:
The conjunction **satria** is used to introduce a reason or cause for something. It can be translated as "because" or "since" in English. Here are a few examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Ahoana ny zavatra rehetra <br> ary tsy manana valiny ianao?  || [ahua-na ny za-va-tra re-he-tra ary tsʲ manan valin d͡ʒianau]  || How come you don't have an answer for everything <br> and <br>
| Tsy ho afaka amidy ny antsy **satria** tsy mahay. || Tsee hoo ah-fah-kah ah-mee-dee ny ahn-tsee **sah-tree-ah** tsee mah-hah-y. || You can't catch the snake **because** you don't know how.
|-
|-
| Ho aiza ianao aorian'ny fandresena <br> na ho any andrefana?  || [hu aiza d͡ʒianau aorja-nʲ ˈfan.drʲesʲänʲə || Where will you go after the competition <br> or <br> to the west?
| Mahatsiaro ny zava-misy **satria** misy fanafody. || Mah-ha-tsya-roo ny zah-vah-mee-see **sah-tree-ah** mee-see fah-nah-foo-dee. || Be careful **because** there are medicines.
|}
 
=== Fa ===
 
The conjunction **fa** is used to introduce a statement that contrasts or contradicts a previous statement. It can be translated as "but" or "yet" in English. Here are a few examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Tsy manana trano aho **fa** misy fiara. || Tsee mah-nah-nah trah-no ah-ho **fah** mee-see fee-ah-rah. || I don't have a house **but** I have a car.
|-
| Tsy mahay ny fiteny aho **fa** miaina eto. || Tsee mah-hah-y ny fee-teh-nee ah-ho **fah** mee-eye-nah eh-too. || I don't speak the language **but** I live here.
|}
 
=== Sa ===
 
The conjunction **sa** is used to introduce a choice between two options. It can be translated as "or" in English. Here are a few examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Mandra-pahafaty aho **sa** mandra-mandriky. || Mahn-drah-pah-hah-fah-tee ah-ho **sah** mahn-drah-mahn-dree-kee. || I can swim **or** I can dive.
|-
| Mifampiresaka **sa** mifanentana. || Mee-fahm-pee-reh-sah-kah **sah** mee-fah-nen-tah-nah. || Talk to each other **or** help each other.
|}
 
=== Kanefa ===
 
The conjunction **kanefa** is used to introduce a statement that contrasts or contradicts a previous statement. It can be translated as "but" or "yet" in English. Here are a few examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Tsy manana trano aho **kanefa** misy fiara. || Tsee mah-nah-nah trah-no ah-ho **kah-neh-fah** mee-see fee-ah-rah. || I don't have a house **but** I have a car.
|-
| Tsy mahay ny fiteny aho **kanefa** miaina eto. || Tsee mah-hah-y ny fee-teh-nee ah-ho **kah-neh-fah** mee-eye-nah eh-too. || I don't speak the language **but** I live here.
|}
 
=== Tamin'ny ===
 
The conjunction **tamin'ny** is used to introduce a time or condition that is required for something to happen. It can be translated as "when" or "if" in English. Here are a few examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Tsy teneninao aho <br> tsy mba hampiditra anao azy? || [tsʲ tenenin d͡ʒianau ahʊ tsʲ mˈampiditr anau azʲ]  || Did I not tell you <br> not <br> to introduce him to you?
| Hifidy ny sary **tamin'ny** hanao karazana. || Hee-fee-dee ny sah-ree **tah-meen-ny** hah-nah-oh kah-rah-zah-nah. || Choose the picture **when** doing an activity.
|-
|-
| Fitaovana mampiasa internet <br> fa tsy misy valiny. || [fiˌtaovana məmˈpiasə intɛrnɛt fa tsʲ mɪsʲ vəˈlin] || Using the internet <br> but <br> there's no answer.
| Hahazo tombontsoa ianao **tamin'ny** hahazo fanafody. || Hah-hah-zoh toom-boont-soo-ah ee-an-ah-oh **tah-meen-ny** hah-hah-zoh fah-nah-foo-dee. || You will get better **if** you take medicine.
|}
|}


== Subordinating Conjunctions ==  
== Subordinating Conjunctions ==
Subordinating conjunctions join a subordinate clause to a main clause, indicating a dependent relationship between the two clauses. In Plateau Malagasy, there are several subordinating conjunctions. Some common subordinating conjunctions include:


* Raha - if  
Subordinating conjunctions are used to connect a dependent clause to an independent clause. The dependent clause cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. In Plateau Malagasy, there are several subordinating conjunctions that are commonly used. Let's explore a few of them and their usage with some examples:
* Satria - because
 
* Noho izany - because of that
=== Raha ===
* Noho - because
 
* Mba - so that
The conjunction **raha** is used to introduce a condition or hypothetical situation. It can be translated as "if" or "when" in English. Here are a few examples:
* Misy - there is/are
 
* Tokony - should/ought to
{| class="wikitable"
* Raha misy - if there is/are
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
* Raha toa - if it seems/looks like
|-
* Rehefa - when
| Hahita anao **raha** ho avy ianao. || Hah-hee-tah ah-nah-oh **rah-hah** hoo ah-vee ee-an-ah-oh. || I will see you **if** you come.
|-
| Hahazo tombontsoa anao **raha** mifampiresaka amin'ny olona. || Hah-hah-zoh toom-boont-soo-ah ah-nah-oh **rah-hah** mee-fahm-pee-reh-sah-kah ah-meen-ny oh-loo-nah. || You will get better **if** you communicate with people.
|}


Subordinating conjunctions come at the beginning of a subordinate clause and indicate either the cause-effect relationship, condition, time, or purpose.
=== Sady ===


Examples:
The conjunction **sady** is used to connect two ideas that are similar or related. It can be translated as "and" or "as well as" in English. Here are a few examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Mandehana any Tana <br> satria manana asa malalaka aho. || [ mandehäna any tandzä satrʲ manan asa malalak ahu] || I'm going to Tana <br> because <br> I have a big job there.  
| Manao asa **sady** mitandrina. || Mah-nah-oh ah-sah **sah-dy** mee-tahn-dree-nah. || I work **and** study.
|-
|-
| Miandry ny fianarana <br> noho izany, tsy mba miverina intsony aho. || [mjan dʒy ny fjaˈnarana nohu zan tsʲ mba mivəˈrina intsʊn ahu] || Waiting for class <br> because of that <br> I won't go back home now.
| Mihaino ny hira **sady** manoratra ny tantara. || Mee-ha-ee-noo ny hee-rah **sah-dy** mah-noh-rah-trah ny tahn-tah-rah. || I listen to music **and** write stories.
|}
 
=== Raha misy ===
 
The conjunction **raha misy** is used to introduce a hypothetical situation or condition. It can be translated as "if there is" or "if there are" in English. Here are a few examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Tokony ho tonga ny ankizy <br> rehefa misy fanaraha-maso ary alefa any am-bavany izy. || [tʊˈkun hʊ ˈtuŋan j an. kʲiː tsʲ rɛˈhefä ˈmis r̥əsə fanărəˈmasu aˌrjaləfə ˈanjam bəˈvanʲ izʲ] || Children must arrive <br> when <br> they are accompanied and dropped to their homes.  
| Hahita anao **raha misy** hafanana. || Hah-hee-tah ah-nah-oh **rah-hah mee-see** hah-fah-nah-nah. || I will see you **if there is** time.
|}  
|-
| Ho avy amin'ny fianarana ianao **raha misy** mpianatra hafa. || Hoo ah-vee ah-meen-ny fee-ah-nah-rah-nah ee-an-ah-oh **rah-hah mee-see** mpyah-nah-trah hah-fah. || You will come to class **if there are** other students.
|}


== Correlative Conjunctions ==  
== Correlative Conjunctions ==
Correlative conjunctions are pairs of words used to connect two or more words, phrases or clauses having equal importance. In Plateau Malagasy, those are:


* Na...na - either...or
Correlative conjunctions are used in pairs to connect words, phrases, or clauses that are equal in importance and structure. In Plateau Malagasy, there are several correlative conjunctions that are commonly used. Let's explore a few of them and their usage with some examples:
* Na...tsy na - either...or not
* Tsy...tsy - neither...nor
* Raha...dia - if...then
* Raha...na - if...or
* Mandritra...sy mandritra - both...and  
* Fanontaniana...fa - although...nevertheless


Examples:
=== Na...na ===
 
The correlative conjunction **na...na** is used to connect two words or phrases that share the same characteristic or quality. It can be translated as "both...and" in English. Here are a few examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Na ny heriny, na ny tarehiny no somary tsy manavotra azy. || [na nʲ hɛrʲin tsʲ nʲ tarʲɛhɪn no suˈmaɾʲ tsʲ mənəvʊˈtɾa azʲ]  || Either his or her side <br> he/she <br> barely uses it.  
| Mihira **na** matory aho. || Mee-hee-rah **nah** mah-toh-ree ah-ho. || I sing **and** dance.
|-
|-
| Raha mbola tsy somary maharitra avokoa, na izany na tsy izany, tokony ho avy izao mihamboamboana izao. || [ra ˈmbʊla tsʲ suˈmarʲ maharʲitr avˈukwa na zanʲ tsʲ zanʲ tʊˈkun hʊ ˈavʲ ˈindzä mjanbu amˌbu̯am buˈana izaw] || If it's not too hot, either <br> yes <br> or <br> not <br> it's time to walk now.  
| Mitady zavatra **na** manao asa izy. || Mee-tah-dee zah-vah-trah **nah** mah-nah-oh ah-sah ee-zee. || He looks for things **and** works.
|}
 
=== Tsy...fa ===
 
The correlative conjunction **tsy...fa** is used to express a negation or exception. It can be translated as "not...but" in English. Here are a few examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Plateau Malagasy !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Tsy fotoana amin'ny faharatsiana, <br> tsy fotoana amin'ny fitsinjarana. || [tsʲ fuˈtu.an amɪɲ ˌfahara(t)ʃan tsʲ fuˈtu.an amɪɲ fit͡sin(d)zˈard] || It's not time for success, <br> nor <br> for struggle.  
| Tsy mihaino **tsy** mihaino mandrakizay **fa** miteny. || Tsee mee-ha-ee-noo **tsy** mee-ha-ee-noo mahn-drah-kee-zay **fah** mee-teh-nee. || He doesn't listen **but** speaks all the time.
|-
| Tsy mahay ny fiteny aho **tsy** manana mpampianatra **fa** mahay ahy. || Tsee mah-hah-y ny fee-teh-nee ah-ho **tsy** mah-nah-nah m-pahm-pyah-nah-trah **fah** mah-hah-y ah-hy. || I don't speak the language **but** I understand it.
|}
|}


The use of conjunctions gives depth and clarity to Plateau Malagasy sentences. By integrating conjunctions in your sentence, you will be able to connect ideas, parts of the sentence, clauses, and show relationships between them.  
== Cultural Insight ==
 
In Plateau Malagasy culture, the use of conjunctions reflects the importance of clear and concise communication. By using the appropriate conjunctions, speakers can convey their thoughts and ideas more effectively, ensuring that the listener understands the intended meaning. Additionally, the choice of conjunctions can also convey cultural values and norms. For example, the use of coordinating conjunctions like **ary** and **na** highlights the Malagasy preference for presenting contrasting options or possibilities. On the other hand, the use of subordinating conjunctions like **raha** and correlative conjunctions like **na...na** emphasizes the importance of logical reasoning and making connections between different ideas. Understanding the cultural significance of conjunctions can help learners of Plateau Malagasy better navigate conversations and express themselves in a culturally appropriate manner.
 
== Practice Exercises ==
 
Now it's time to practice what you've learned! Complete the following exercises to reinforce your understanding of conjunctions in Plateau Malagasy.
 
1. Fill in the blank with the appropriate coordinating conjunction: **ary**, **na**, **satria**, **fa**, **sa**, **kanefa**, or **tamin'ny**.
a) Zaza iray **___** zanak'i Babeta no antsoina hoe "Zazakely".
b) Tsy hahazo fanafody ianao **___** misy taratasy dokotera.
c) Mifampiresaka **___** miaina eto.
d) Tsy mahay mihira aho **___** matory.
e) Hahita anao **___** ho avy ianao.
 
2. Translate the following sentences from English to Plateau Malagasy, using the appropriate conjunctions:
a) She likes to read **and** write.
b) If it rains, we will stay at home.
c) I don't have money **but** I have friends.
d) He speaks English **and** French.
e) We will go to the beach **if** the weather is good.
 
== Solutions ==
 
1. a) **ary**, b) **kanefa**, c) **sady**, d) **fa**, e) **raha misy**
2. a) Mahafantatra ny mamaky boky **sady** mitandrina.
b) Raha mihina ny rivotra, ho any amin'ny trano izahay.
c) Tsy manana vola aho **kanefa** manana namana.
d) Miteny teny Anglisy **sady** teny Frantsay izy.
e) Hoharan-toerana izahay **raha misy** tsara ny rivotra.
 
Congratulations on completing the exercises! You're doing great!


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* [[Language/Plateau-malagasy/Grammar/Regular-Verbs|Regular Verbs]]
* [[Language/Plateau-malagasy/Grammar/Regular-Verbs|Regular Verbs]]


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Revision as of 09:39, 22 June 2023

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Plateau Malagasy → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Conjunctions and Their Usage

Introduction

Welcome to the lesson on conjunctions in Plateau Malagasy! Conjunctions play a crucial role in connecting words, phrases, and clauses in a sentence. They help us express relationships between different parts of a sentence and make our communication more precise and coherent. In this lesson, we will explore the various types of conjunctions in Plateau Malagasy, including coordinating, subordinating, and correlative conjunctions, and understand how they are used in different contexts. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of conjunctions and be able to use them effectively in your conversations. So let's dive in!

Coordinating Conjunctions

Coordinating conjunctions are used to connect words, phrases, and clauses that are equal in importance and structure. In Plateau Malagasy, there are seven coordinating conjunctions that are commonly used: **ary**, **na**, **satria**, **fa**, **sa**, **kanefa**, and **tamin'ny**. Let's explore each of these conjunctions and their usage with some examples:

Ary

The conjunction **ary** is used to connect words, phrases, or clauses that present a contrast or alternative options. It can be translated as "and" or "but" in English, depending on the context. Here are a few examples:

Plateau Malagasy Pronunciation English
Asa aho **ary** tsy manana fotoana. Ah-sah ah-ho **a-ree** tsee mah-nah-nah foo-too-ah-nah. I work **but** I don't have time.
Voaovaoka **ary** lehibe ny samy. Voo-ah-oh-vah-oh-kah **a-ree** leh-hee-beh ny sah-mee. It's hot **and** windy.

Na

The conjunction **na** is used to connect words, phrases, or clauses that present options or possibilities. It can be translated as "or" in English. Here are a few examples:

Plateau Malagasy Pronunciation English
Mandeha **na** tsia. Mahn-deh-hah **na** tsyah. Go **or** not.
Mijery ny sary **na** manao sary. Mee-jeh-ree ny sah-ree **na** mah-nah-oh sah-ree. Look at the picture **or** draw a picture.

Satria

The conjunction **satria** is used to introduce a reason or cause for something. It can be translated as "because" or "since" in English. Here are a few examples:

Plateau Malagasy Pronunciation English
Tsy ho afaka amidy ny antsy **satria** tsy mahay. Tsee hoo ah-fah-kah ah-mee-dee ny ahn-tsee **sah-tree-ah** tsee mah-hah-y. You can't catch the snake **because** you don't know how.
Mahatsiaro ny zava-misy **satria** misy fanafody. Mah-ha-tsya-roo ny zah-vah-mee-see **sah-tree-ah** mee-see fah-nah-foo-dee. Be careful **because** there are medicines.

Fa

The conjunction **fa** is used to introduce a statement that contrasts or contradicts a previous statement. It can be translated as "but" or "yet" in English. Here are a few examples:

Plateau Malagasy Pronunciation English
Tsy manana trano aho **fa** misy fiara. Tsee mah-nah-nah trah-no ah-ho **fah** mee-see fee-ah-rah. I don't have a house **but** I have a car.
Tsy mahay ny fiteny aho **fa** miaina eto. Tsee mah-hah-y ny fee-teh-nee ah-ho **fah** mee-eye-nah eh-too. I don't speak the language **but** I live here.

Sa

The conjunction **sa** is used to introduce a choice between two options. It can be translated as "or" in English. Here are a few examples:

Plateau Malagasy Pronunciation English
Mandra-pahafaty aho **sa** mandra-mandriky. Mahn-drah-pah-hah-fah-tee ah-ho **sah** mahn-drah-mahn-dree-kee. I can swim **or** I can dive.
Mifampiresaka **sa** mifanentana. Mee-fahm-pee-reh-sah-kah **sah** mee-fah-nen-tah-nah. Talk to each other **or** help each other.

Kanefa

The conjunction **kanefa** is used to introduce a statement that contrasts or contradicts a previous statement. It can be translated as "but" or "yet" in English. Here are a few examples:

Plateau Malagasy Pronunciation English
Tsy manana trano aho **kanefa** misy fiara. Tsee mah-nah-nah trah-no ah-ho **kah-neh-fah** mee-see fee-ah-rah. I don't have a house **but** I have a car.
Tsy mahay ny fiteny aho **kanefa** miaina eto. Tsee mah-hah-y ny fee-teh-nee ah-ho **kah-neh-fah** mee-eye-nah eh-too. I don't speak the language **but** I live here.

Tamin'ny

The conjunction **tamin'ny** is used to introduce a time or condition that is required for something to happen. It can be translated as "when" or "if" in English. Here are a few examples:

Plateau Malagasy Pronunciation English
Hifidy ny sary **tamin'ny** hanao karazana. Hee-fee-dee ny sah-ree **tah-meen-ny** hah-nah-oh kah-rah-zah-nah. Choose the picture **when** doing an activity.
Hahazo tombontsoa ianao **tamin'ny** hahazo fanafody. Hah-hah-zoh toom-boont-soo-ah ee-an-ah-oh **tah-meen-ny** hah-hah-zoh fah-nah-foo-dee. You will get better **if** you take medicine.

Subordinating Conjunctions

Subordinating conjunctions are used to connect a dependent clause to an independent clause. The dependent clause cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. In Plateau Malagasy, there are several subordinating conjunctions that are commonly used. Let's explore a few of them and their usage with some examples:

Raha

The conjunction **raha** is used to introduce a condition or hypothetical situation. It can be translated as "if" or "when" in English. Here are a few examples:

Plateau Malagasy Pronunciation English
Hahita anao **raha** ho avy ianao. Hah-hee-tah ah-nah-oh **rah-hah** hoo ah-vee ee-an-ah-oh. I will see you **if** you come.
Hahazo tombontsoa anao **raha** mifampiresaka amin'ny olona. Hah-hah-zoh toom-boont-soo-ah ah-nah-oh **rah-hah** mee-fahm-pee-reh-sah-kah ah-meen-ny oh-loo-nah. You will get better **if** you communicate with people.

Sady

The conjunction **sady** is used to connect two ideas that are similar or related. It can be translated as "and" or "as well as" in English. Here are a few examples:

Plateau Malagasy Pronunciation English
Manao asa **sady** mitandrina. Mah-nah-oh ah-sah **sah-dy** mee-tahn-dree-nah. I work **and** study.
Mihaino ny hira **sady** manoratra ny tantara. Mee-ha-ee-noo ny hee-rah **sah-dy** mah-noh-rah-trah ny tahn-tah-rah. I listen to music **and** write stories.

Raha misy

The conjunction **raha misy** is used to introduce a hypothetical situation or condition. It can be translated as "if there is" or "if there are" in English. Here are a few examples:

Plateau Malagasy Pronunciation English
Hahita anao **raha misy** hafanana. Hah-hee-tah ah-nah-oh **rah-hah mee-see** hah-fah-nah-nah. I will see you **if there is** time.
Ho avy amin'ny fianarana ianao **raha misy** mpianatra hafa. Hoo ah-vee ah-meen-ny fee-ah-nah-rah-nah ee-an-ah-oh **rah-hah mee-see** mpyah-nah-trah hah-fah. You will come to class **if there are** other students.

Correlative Conjunctions

Correlative conjunctions are used in pairs to connect words, phrases, or clauses that are equal in importance and structure. In Plateau Malagasy, there are several correlative conjunctions that are commonly used. Let's explore a few of them and their usage with some examples:

Na...na

The correlative conjunction **na...na** is used to connect two words or phrases that share the same characteristic or quality. It can be translated as "both...and" in English. Here are a few examples:

Plateau Malagasy Pronunciation English
Mihira **na** matory aho. Mee-hee-rah **nah** mah-toh-ree ah-ho. I sing **and** dance.
Mitady zavatra **na** manao asa izy. Mee-tah-dee zah-vah-trah **nah** mah-nah-oh ah-sah ee-zee. He looks for things **and** works.

Tsy...fa

The correlative conjunction **tsy...fa** is used to express a negation or exception. It can be translated as "not...but" in English. Here are a few examples:

Plateau Malagasy Pronunciation English
Tsy mihaino **tsy** mihaino mandrakizay **fa** miteny. Tsee mee-ha-ee-noo **tsy** mee-ha-ee-noo mahn-drah-kee-zay **fah** mee-teh-nee. He doesn't listen **but** speaks all the time.
Tsy mahay ny fiteny aho **tsy** manana mpampianatra **fa** mahay ahy. Tsee mah-hah-y ny fee-teh-nee ah-ho **tsy** mah-nah-nah m-pahm-pyah-nah-trah **fah** mah-hah-y ah-hy. I don't speak the language **but** I understand it.

Cultural Insight

In Plateau Malagasy culture, the use of conjunctions reflects the importance of clear and concise communication. By using the appropriate conjunctions, speakers can convey their thoughts and ideas more effectively, ensuring that the listener understands the intended meaning. Additionally, the choice of conjunctions can also convey cultural values and norms. For example, the use of coordinating conjunctions like **ary** and **na** highlights the Malagasy preference for presenting contrasting options or possibilities. On the other hand, the use of subordinating conjunctions like **raha** and correlative conjunctions like **na...na** emphasizes the importance of logical reasoning and making connections between different ideas. Understanding the cultural significance of conjunctions can help learners of Plateau Malagasy better navigate conversations and express themselves in a culturally appropriate manner.

Practice Exercises

Now it's time to practice what you've learned! Complete the following exercises to reinforce your understanding of conjunctions in Plateau Malagasy.

1. Fill in the blank with the appropriate coordinating conjunction: **ary**, **na**, **satria**, **fa**, **sa**, **kanefa**, or **tamin'ny**. a) Zaza iray **___** zanak'i Babeta no antsoina hoe "Zazakely". b) Tsy hahazo fanafody ianao **___** misy taratasy dokotera. c) Mifampiresaka **___** miaina eto. d) Tsy mahay mihira aho **___** matory. e) Hahita anao **___** ho avy ianao.

2. Translate the following sentences from English to Plateau Malagasy, using the appropriate conjunctions: a) She likes to read **and** write. b) If it rains, we will stay at home. c) I don't have money **but** I have friends. d) He speaks English **and** French. e) We will go to the beach **if** the weather is good.

Solutions

1. a) **ary**, b) **kanefa**, c) **sady**, d) **fa**, e) **raha misy** 2. a) Mahafantatra ny mamaky boky **sady** mitandrina. b) Raha mihina ny rivotra, ho any amin'ny trano izahay. c) Tsy manana vola aho **kanefa** manana namana. d) Miteny teny Anglisy **sady** teny Frantsay izy. e) Hoharan-toerana izahay **raha misy** tsara ny rivotra.

Congratulations on completing the exercises! You're doing great!

Table of Contents - Plateau Malagasy Course - 0 to A1


Introduction to Plateau Malagasy


Greetings and Introductions


Nouns and Pronouns


Numbers, Dates, and Time


Verbs and Tenses


Food and Drink


Adjectives and Adverbs


Travel and Transportation


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Family and Relationships


Plateau Malagasy Customs and Traditions



Other Lessons


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