Difference between revisions of "Language/Wolof/Grammar/Time-and-Dates"

Latest revision as of 14:08, 21 June 2023

Wolof → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Past Tense → Time and Dates

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Welcome to the Wolof Grammar lesson on the past tense and how to talk about time and dates in Wolof. In this lesson, we will explore the various ways to express past actions and discuss how to talk about days, months, and years in Wolof. Mastering the past tense is crucial for effective communication in any language, and understanding how to express time and dates allows for more accurate and precise conversations.

In this lesson, we will cover the following topics:

1. Past tense formation for regular verbs 2. Conjugation of irregular verbs in the past tense 3. Expressing specific days, months, and years

By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of the past tense in Wolof and the vocabulary necessary to discuss time and dates. So let's get started!

Past Tense Formation for Regular Verbs[edit | edit source]

In Wolof, the past tense is formed by adding specific suffixes to the verb stem. For regular verbs, these suffixes are relatively consistent and follow a predictable pattern. Let's take a look at the conjugation of a regular verb in the past tense:

Wolof	Pronunciation	English
bu neex	boo-nekh	I ate
bu neexul	boo-nekh-ool	You ate
bu neexul	boo-nekh-ool	He/She ate
bu neexul	boo-nekh-ool	We ate
bu neexul	boo-nekh-ool	You all ate
bu neexul	boo-nekh-ool	They ate

As you can see, the verb stem "neex" remains the same, and the suffixes vary depending on the subject of the sentence. Note the use of the pronouns "bu" (I), "bu neexul" (you), "bu neexul" (he/she), "bu neexul" (we), "bu neexul" (you all), and "bu neexul" (they).

Let's look at another example with a different regular verb:

Wolof	Pronunciation	English
bu jënd	boo-jend	I drank
bu jëndul	boo-jend-ool	You drank
bu jëndul	boo-jend-ool	He/She drank
bu jëndul	boo-jend-ool	We drank
bu jëndul	boo-jend-ool	You all drank
bu jëndul	boo-jend-ool	They drank

In this example, the verb stem "jënd" remains the same, and the suffixes indicate the subject of the sentence.

Now, let's practice conjugating regular verbs in the past tense. Try to conjugate the following verbs based on the given subject:

1. Stem: "wër" (to come)

  a) bu wër
  b) bu wërul
  c) bu wërul
  d) bu wërul
  e) bu wërul
  f) bu wërul

2. Stem: "sëy" (to see)

  a) bu sëy
  b) bu sëyul
  c) bu sëyul
  d) bu sëyul
  e) bu sëyul
  f) bu sëyul

3. Stem: "kër" (to sleep)

  a) bu kër
  b) bu kërul
  c) bu kërul
  d) bu kërul
  e) bu kërul
  f) bu kërul

Conjugation of Irregular Verbs in the Past Tense[edit | edit source]

While regular verbs in Wolof follow a predictable pattern for past tense formation, irregular verbs have conjugation patterns that deviate from the norm. It's important to familiarize yourself with these irregular verbs to accurately express past actions. Let's look at some examples:

1. Irregular Verb: "ñaaw" (to see)

  a) bu ñaaw
  b) bu ñaawul
  c) bu ñaawul
  d) bu ñaawul
  e) bu ñaawul
  f) bu ñaawul

2. Irregular Verb: "tëj" (to do)

  a) bu tëj
  b) bu tëjul
  c) bu tëjul
  d) bu tëjul
  e) bu tëjul
  f) bu tëjul

3. Irregular Verb: "mën" (to come)

  a) bu nën
  b) bu nënul
  c) bu nënul
  d) bu nënul
  e) bu nënul
  f) bu nënul

Now, let's practice conjugating irregular verbs in the past tense. Try to conjugate the following irregular verbs based on the given subject:

1. Verb: "génn" (to know)

  a) bu génn
  b) bu génnul
  c) bu génnul
  d) bu génnul
  e) bu génnul
  f) bu génnul

2. Verb: "ñuul" (to be)

  a) bu ñuul
  b) bu ñuulul
  c) bu ñuulul
  d) bu ñuulul
  e) bu ñuulul
  f) bu ñuulul

3. Verb: "ñëw" (to want)

  a) bu ñëw
  b) bu ñëwul
  c) bu ñëwul
  d) bu ñëwul
  e) bu ñëwul
  f) bu ñëwul

Time and Dates[edit | edit source]

In Wolof, talking about time and dates is an essential part of daily communication. Let's explore how to express specific days, months, and years in Wolof.

Days of the Week[edit | edit source]

In Wolof, the days of the week are:

Lundi (Monday)
Mardi (Tuesday)
Mercredi (Wednesday)
Jeudi (Thursday)
Vendredi (Friday)
Samedi (Saturday)
Dimanche (Sunday)

To say "on Monday," for example, you can use the phrase "leegi lundi." Here, "leegi" means "on" and "lundi" means "Monday." Similarly, you can use "leegi" with the other days of the week.

Months of the Year[edit | edit source]

The months of the year in Wolof are as follows:

Janwiye (January)
Feewiriye (February)
Mars (March)
Abriil (April)
Me (May)
Suwe (June)
Sulet (July)
Ut (August)
Sàttumbar (September)
Òktobar (October)
Nowàmbar (November)
Desàmbar (December)

To express a specific month, you can use the phrase "bulu" followed by the name of the month. For example, "bulu Janwiye" means "in January."

Years[edit | edit source]

To talk about a specific year, you can simply state the year in Wolof. For example, "2010" would be "jëmë 2010" in Wolof.

Now, let's practice expressing time and dates in Wolof. Try to translate the following phrases into Wolof:

1. On Saturday

  a) leegi samedi

2. In April

  a) bulu Abriil

3. 2022

  a) jëmë 2022

4. On Wednesday

  a) leegi mercredi

5. In July

  a) bulu Sulet

6. 1995

  a) jëmë 1995

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations! You have successfully learned how to form the past tense for regular and irregular verbs in Wolof. Additionally, you now know how to talk about days, months, and years in Wolof. Keep practicing and reinforcing your knowledge of the past tense and time expressions, as they are essential for effective communication in Wolof.

In the next lesson, we will delve into the role of Islam in Wolof culture and explore the most important festivals and celebrations. Stay tuned for more fascinating insights into Wolof language and culture!

Table of Contents - Wolof Course - 0 to A1[edit source]

Course Presentation

Introduction to Wolof

Greetings and Introductions

Wolof Cultural Norms

Nouns and Pronouns

Family and Relationships

Family and Social Structure

Verbs and Tenses

Food and Dining

Wolof Cuisine and Dining Etiquette

Adjectives and Adverbs

Travel and Transportation

Travel and Tourism in Wolof-Speaking Countries

Sources[edit | edit source]

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Wolof-Page-Top}}
+<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Wolof|Wolof]]  → [[Language/Wolof/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Wolof/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Past Tense → Time and Dates</div>
+__TOC__
-<div class="pg_page_title">Wolof Grammar → Past Tense → Time and Dates</div>
+== Introduction ==
-__TOC__
+Welcome to the Wolof Grammar lesson on the past tense and how to talk about time and dates in Wolof. In this lesson, we will explore the various ways to express past actions and discuss how to talk about days, months, and years in Wolof. Mastering the past tense is crucial for effective communication in any language, and understanding how to express time and dates allows for more accurate and precise conversations.
-As a Wolof teacher, I have seen that learning the past tense is essential to communicate fluently in Wolof. In this lesson, we will focus on the expressions of time and dates in the past tense. We will learn how to talk about the past using days, months, and years.
+In this lesson, we will cover the following topics:
-== Days, Months, and Years in Wolof ==
+. Past tense formation for regular verbs
+. Conjugation of irregular verbs in the past tense
+. Expressing specific days, months, and years
-Before we dive into the past tense, it is important to learn how to express time and dates in Wolof. Here are some of the basics:
+By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of the past tense in Wolof and the vocabulary necessary to discuss time and dates. So let's get started!
-* The word for day is “ñaar”.
+== Past Tense Formation for Regular Verbs ==
-* The word for week is “yoonu ñaar”.
-* The word for month is “kalo”.
-* The word for year is “sapp”.
-To talk about specific days, months, and years, we use numbers. Here are the numbers you need to know:
+In Wolof, the past tense is formed by adding specific suffixes to the verb stem. For regular verbs, these suffixes are relatively consistent and follow a predictable pattern. Let's take a look at the conjugation of a regular verb in the past tense:
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! Wolof !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| 1 || “benn” || one
+| bu neex || boo-nekh || I ate
-|-
-| 2 || “ñaar”|| two
-|-
-| 3 || “ñett” || three
-|-
-| 4 || “ñeent” || four
-|-
-| 5 || “juróom” || five
 |-
-| 6 || “juróom ñaar” || six
+| bu neexul || boo-nekh-ool || You ate
 |-
-| 7 || “juróom ñett” || seven
+| bu neexul || boo-nekh-ool || He/She ate
 |-
-| 8 || “juróom ñeent” || eight
+| bu neexul || boo-nekh-ool || We ate
 |-
-| 9 || “wóor” || nine
+| bu neexul || boo-nekh-ool || You all ate
 |-
-| 10 || “fukk” || ten
+| bu neexul || boo-nekh-ool || They ate
 |}
-For example, “ñaar benn” means “day one” and refers to the first day. Similarly, “kalo juróom ñett” means “month seven” and refers to the seventh month.
+As you can see, the verb stem "neex" remains the same, and the suffixes vary depending on the subject of the sentence. Note the use of the pronouns "bu" (I), "bu neexul" (you), "bu neexul" (he/she), "bu neexul" (we), "bu neexul" (you all), and "bu neexul" (they).
-== Regular Past Tense Verbs ==
-To form the past tense in Wolof, we add the suffix “-ay” to the stem of the verb. For example, “kóob” (to buy) becomes “kóobaay” (bought). Here are some more examples:
+Let's look at another example with a different regular verb:
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! Wolof !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| mbañ || “umbañ” || I ate
+| bu jënd || boo-jend || I drank
 |-
-| def || “deff” || you spoke
+| bu jëndul || boo-jend-ool || You drank
 |-
-| kóob || “koob” || he/she/it bought
+| bu jëndul || boo-jend-ool || He/She drank
-|}
-Here are a few common regular verbs in the past tense:
-{| class="wikitable"
-! Wolof !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| sukkali || “sookkali” || I traveled
+| bu jëndul || boo-jend-ool || We drank
 |-
-| jëmm || “jëmm” || you drank
+| bu jëndul || boo-jend-ool || You all drank
 |-
-| nóoy || “noo-y” || he/she/it slept
+| bu jëndul || boo-jend-ool || They drank
 |}
-Remember, the verb stem will change for each person in the sentence. For example, “mangi” (to eat) becomes “mba” for the first person. Once we add the suffix “-ay”, we get “mbañ” (I ate).
+In this example, the verb stem "jënd" remains the same, and the suffixes indicate the subject of the sentence.
+Now, let's practice conjugating regular verbs in the past tense. Try to conjugate the following verbs based on the given subject:
+. Stem: "wër" (to come)
+   a) bu wër
+   b) bu wërul
+   c) bu wërul
+   d) bu wërul
+   e) bu wërul
+   f) bu wërul
-== Irregular Past Tense Verbs ==
+. Stem: "sëy" (to see)
+   a) bu sëy
+   b) bu sëyul
+   c) bu sëyul
+   d) bu sëyul
+   e) bu sëyul
+   f) bu sëyul
-Just like any other language, Wolof has irregular verbs in the past tense. It is important to memorize these verbs, as they do not follow the regular pattern. Here are some examples:
+. Stem: "kër" (to sleep)
+   a) bu kër
+   b) bu kërul
+   c) bu kërul
+   d) bu kërul
+   e) bu kërul
+   f) bu kërul
-{| class="wikitable"
+== Conjugation of Irregular Verbs in the Past Tense ==
-! Wolof !! Pronunciation !! English
-|-
+While regular verbs in Wolof follow a predictable pattern for past tense formation, irregular verbs have conjugation patterns that deviate from the norm. It's important to familiarize yourself with these irregular verbs to accurately express past actions. Let's look at some examples:
-| ñàkk || “ñàkk” || I said
-|-
+. Irregular Verb: "ñaaw" (to see)
-| lul || “lul” || you came
+   a) bu ñaaw
-|-
+   b) bu ñaawul
-| mel || “mel” || he/she/it went
+   c) bu ñaawul
-|}
+   d) bu ñaawul
+   e) bu ñaawul
+   f) bu ñaawul
+. Irregular Verb: "tëj" (to do)
+   a) bu tëj
+   b) bu tëjul
+   c) bu tëjul
+   d) bu tëjul
+   e) bu tëjul
+   f) bu tëjul
+. Irregular Verb: "mën" (to come)
+   a) bu nën
+   b) bu nënul
+   c) bu nënul
+   d) bu nënul
+   e) bu nënul
+   f) bu nënul
+Now, let's practice conjugating irregular verbs in the past tense. Try to conjugate the following irregular verbs based on the given subject:
+. Verb: "génn" (to know)
+   a) bu génn
+   b) bu génnul
+   c) bu génnul
+   d) bu génnul
+   e) bu génnul
+   f) bu génnul
+. Verb: "ñuul" (to be)
+   a) bu ñuul
+   b) bu ñuulul
+   c) bu ñuulul
+   d) bu ñuulul
+   e) bu ñuulul
+   f) bu ñuulul
+. Verb: "ñëw" (to want)
+   a) bu ñëw
+   b) bu ñëwul
+   c) bu ñëwul
+   d) bu ñëwul
+   e) bu ñëwul
+   f) bu ñëwul
+== Time and Dates ==
+In Wolof, talking about time and dates is an essential part of daily communication. Let's explore how to express specific days, months, and years in Wolof.
+=== Days of the Week ===
+In Wolof, the days of the week are:
+* Lundi (Monday)
+* Mardi (Tuesday)
+* Mercredi (Wednesday)
+* Jeudi (Thursday)
+* Vendredi (Friday)
+* Samedi (Saturday)
+* Dimanche (Sunday)
+To say "on Monday," for example, you can use the phrase "leegi lundi." Here, "leegi" means "on" and "lundi" means "Monday." Similarly, you can use "leegi" with the other days of the week.
+=== Months of the Year ===
+The months of the year in Wolof are as follows:
+* Janwiye (January)
+* Feewiriye (February)
+* Mars (March)
+* Abriil (April)
+* Me (May)
+* Suwe (June)
+* Sulet (July)
+* Ut (August)
+* Sàttumbar (September)
+* Òktobar (October)
+* Nowàmbar (November)
+* Desàmbar (December)
+To express a specific month, you can use the phrase "bulu" followed by the name of the month. For example, "bulu Janwiye" means "in January."
+=== Years ===
+To talk about a specific year, you can simply state the year in Wolof. For example, "2010" would be "jëmë 2010" in Wolof.
+Now, let's practice expressing time and dates in Wolof. Try to translate the following phrases into Wolof:
-In the case of “mel”, we can also use the word “wuut” as a past tense. For example, “Am na wuut Ñaari Takku” means “I went to Dakar last year”.
+. On Saturday
+   a) leegi samedi
-== Time Expressions ==
+. In April
+   a) bulu Abriil
-Now that we know how to form the past tense, let's use it to talk about time. Here are some useful time expressions:
+. 2022
+   a) jëmë 2022
-* Yesterday - “teere gi” or “na ñaar gi”
+. On Wednesday
-* Last week - “yoonu ñaar yi”
+   a) leegi mercredi
-* Last month - “kalo yi”
-* Last year - “sapp yi”
-* A long time ago - “xaley xaalis”
-Here are some examples using these time expressions:
+. In July
+   a) bulu Sulet
-* “Maangi teere gi” - I ate yesterday
+. 1995
-* “Mang yoonu ñaar yi” - I ate last week
+   a) jëmë 1995
-* “Mangi kalo yi” - I ate last month
-* “Mangi sapp yi” - I ate last year
-* “Mangi xaley xaalis” - I ate a long time ago
 == Conclusion ==
-In this lesson, we learned how to express time and dates in the past tense in Wolof. We saw how to use numbers to talk about days, months, and years. We also learned how to form the past tense for regular and irregular verbs, and how to use time expressions to talk about the past. With these tools in hand, you will be able to communicate more effectively in Wolof and express yourself fluently in the past tense.
+Congratulations! You have successfully learned how to form the past tense for regular and irregular verbs in Wolof. Additionally, you now know how to talk about days, months, and years in Wolof. Keep practicing and reinforcing your knowledge of the past tense and time expressions, as they are essential for effective communication in Wolof.
+In the next lesson, we will delve into the role of Islam in Wolof culture and explore the most important festivals and celebrations. Stay tuned for more fascinating insights into Wolof language and culture!
 {{#seo:
 |title=Wolof Grammar → Past Tense → Time and Dates
-|keywords=Wolof, past tense, time, dates, grammar, irregular verbs, regular verbs, time expressions
+|keywords=Wolof grammar, Wolof past tense, Wolof time expressions, Wolof days of the week, Wolof months of the year, Wolof years
-|description=In this lesson, you will learn to express time and dates in Wolof in the past tense. We will cover regular and irregular verbs and some useful time expressions for talking about the past.
+|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form the past tense in Wolof and how to talk about days, months, and years. Master the art of expressing past actions and discussing time in Wolof!
 }}
@@ Line 123: / Line 220: @@
 [[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
 [[Category:Wolof-0-to-A1-Course]]
+<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
+==Sources==
+* [https://jangawolof.org/2015/01/05/wolof-time-dates/ Wolof Numbers, Time & Dates – Janga Wolof]
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolof_language Wolof language - Wikipedia]
+* [https://classes.cornell.edu/browse/roster/FA22/class/WOLOF/2118 Class Roster - Fall 2022 - WOLOF 2118]
+==Other Lessons==
+* [[Language/Wolof/Grammar/Simple-negation|Simple negation]]
+* [[Language/Wolof/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
+* [[Language/Wolof/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
+* [[Language/Wolof/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
+* [[Language/Wolof/Grammar/Pronouns-and-How-to-ask-questions|Pronouns and How to ask questions]]
+* [[Language/Wolof/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
+* [[Language/Wolof/Grammar/Notable-characteristics|Notable characteristics]]
+* [[Language/Wolof/Grammar/Indirect-Object-Pronouns|Indirect Object Pronouns]]
+* [[Language/Wolof/Grammar/Possessive-pronouns|Possessive pronouns]]
+* [[Language/Wolof/Grammar/Regular-Verbs|Regular Verbs]]
 {{Wolof-Page-Bottom}}