Difference between revisions of "Language/Marathi/Vocabulary/Common-Verbs"

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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Marathi|Marathi]]  → [[Language/Marathi/Vocabulary|Vocabulary]] → [[Language/Marathi/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Common Verbs and Adjectives → Common Verbs</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Marathi|Marathi]]  → [[Language/Marathi/Vocabulary|Vocabulary]] → [[Language/Marathi/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Common Verbs and Adjectives → Common Verbs</div>


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== Introduction ==
== Introduction ==


In this lesson, you will learn common Marathi verbs along with their present, past, and future forms. You will also learn how to use these verbs in sentences. Understanding common verbs is essential in building a strong foundation in Marathi. So, let's get started!
Namaskar! (Hello!) Welcome to the lesson on common Marathi verbs. In this lesson, we will explore the world of verbs in Marathi, including their present, past, and future forms, and how to use them in sentences. Verbs are essential for expressing actions, states of being, and various other concepts. By learning common verbs, you will be able to communicate effectively in Marathi and express yourself with confidence.


Throughout this lesson, we will provide you with comprehensive explanations, numerous examples, and engaging exercises to help you grasp the concepts and apply them in real-life situations. So, let's dive into the fascinating world of Marathi verbs!


<span link>Take some time to dive into these other pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Marathi/Vocabulary/How-to-say-Good-Bye?|How to say Good Bye?]] & [[Language/Marathi/Vocabulary/Count-to-10|Count to 10]].</span>
== Common Verbs ==
== Important Verbs ==  


In this section, you will learn some of the most important and commonly used verbs in Marathi.  
Verbs are words that describe actions, occurrences, or states of being. In Marathi, verbs play a crucial role in constructing sentences and conveying meaning. They give life and movement to our language. In this section, we will introduce you to some common Marathi verbs and guide you through their usage in different tenses and sentence structures.


=== To Be ===
=== Present Tense ===


"To be" is one of the most important verbs in any language. It is used to describe a state of being or existence. Here are the present, past and future forms of the verb "to be" in Marathi.
The present tense is used to describe actions happening at the current moment or habitual actions. In Marathi, the present tense of a verb is formed by adding specific suffixes to the verb stem. Let's take a look at some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Marathi !! Pronunciation !! English
! Marathi !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
|-
| आहे (Present) || āhe || am, is, are
| खातो (khaato) || [kʰaːtoː] || eat (masculine singular)
|-
|-
| होते (Past) || hote || was, were
| खाते (khaate) || [kʰaːteː] || eat (masculine plural)
|-
|-
| होणारे (Future) || hoṇāre || will be
| खाते (khaate) || [kʰaːteː] || eat (feminine singular/plural)
|-
| करतो (kartoo) || [kəɾtoː] || do (masculine singular)
|-
| करते (karte) || [kəɾteː] || do (masculine plural)
|-
| करते (karte) || [kəɾteː] || do (feminine singular/plural)
|}
|}


For example:
As you can see, the verb forms change based on the gender and number of the subject. The masculine singular form ends with -तो (-to), the masculine plural form ends with -ते (-te), and the feminine form ends with -ते (-te).
* तुम्ही कसे आहात? (Tumhī kase āhāt?) - How are you?
* मुंबई भारतात आहे. (Mumbī bhāratāt āhe) - Mumbai is in India.
* मी ऊ.एस. जा होणारो आहे. (Mī ū.es. Jā hoṇāro āhe.) - I will be going to the USA.


=== To Have ===
Here are some example sentences using verbs in the present tense:


Another important verb is "to have". It is used to indicate possession or ownership. Here are the present, past and future forms of the verb "to have" in Marathi.
* मी आपलं दुसऱं वाचतो. (Mee aaplaṁ dusraṁ vaachto) - I am reading another book.
* तू प्रतिदिन व्यायाम करतोस. (Tu pratidin vyaayam kartos) - You exercise every day.
* तुम्ही आपल्या कामांचं मदत करता का? (Tumhi aaplya kaamancha madat kartaa ka) - Do you help with our work?
 
=== Past Tense ===
 
The past tense is used to describe actions that have already happened in the past. In Marathi, the past tense of a verb is formed by adding specific suffixes to the verb stem. Let's take a look at some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Marathi !! Pronunciation !! English
! Marathi !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| खालोत (khaalot) || [kʰaːlot] || ate (masculine singular)
|-
|-
| आहे (Present) || āhe || have, has
| खाले (khaale) || [kʰaːle] || ate (masculine plural)
|-
|-
| होते (Past) || hote || had
| खाले (khaale) || [kʰaːle] || ate (feminine singular/plural)
|-
|-
| होणारे (Future) || hoṇāre || will have
| केलोत (kelot) || [keːlot] || did (masculine singular)
|-
| केले (kele) || [keːle] || did (masculine plural)
|-
| केले (kele) || [keːle] || did (feminine singular/plural)
|}
|}


For example:
Similar to the present tense, the verb forms change based on the gender and number of the subject. The masculine singular form ends with -लोत (-lot), the masculine plural form ends with -ले (-le), and the feminine form ends with -ले (-le).
* माझ्याकडे एका कुत्र्याची आहे. (Mājhyākaḍē ekā kutryācī āhē.) - I have a dog.
 
* तुमच्याकडे २ गाडी आहेत? (Tumacyākaḍē 2 gāḍī āhēt?) - Do you have two cars?
Here are some example sentences using verbs in the past tense:
* मी माझ्या माझवळा सोप्या जेवणाचे झाड आहेत. (Mī mājhyā mājhavaḷā sōpyā jēvaṇācē jhāḍa āhēt.) - I have a sweet tooth.
 
* माझं आवडलं. (Maajha aavadlaṁ) - I liked it.
* तू कुठल्या मूळ विद्यापीठात शिकलास? (Tu kuthalya mool vidyaapeethaat shiklaas) - Where did you study originally?
* तुम्ही किती खर्च केले? (Tumhi kiti kharch kele) - How much did you spend?


=== To Go ===
=== Future Tense ===


"To go" is used to describe movement from one place to another. Here are the present, past, and future forms of the verb "to go" in Marathi.
The future tense is used to describe actions that will happen in the future. In Marathi, the future tense of a verb is formed by adding specific suffixes to the verb stem. Let's take a look at some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Marathi !! Pronunciation !! English
! Marathi !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| खाऊन (khaaun) || [kʰaːuɳ] || will eat (masculine singular)
|-
| खाताना (khaatana) || [kʰaːtaːnaː] || will eat (masculine plural)
|-
| खाताना (khaatana) || [kʰaːtaːnaː] || will eat (feminine singular/plural)
|-
|-
| जाऊ (Present) || jāū || go
| करण्यार (karaṇyaar) || [kaɾəɳjaːɾ] || will do (masculine singular)
|-
|-
| गेलोत (Past) || gēlōta || went
| करणार (karaṇaar) || [kaɾəɳaːɾ] || will do (masculine plural)
|-
|-
| जाणारो (Future) || jāṇāro || will go
| करणार (karaṇaar) || [kaɾəɳaːɾ] || will do (feminine singular/plural)
|}
|}


For example:
Just like the present and past tenses, the verb forms change based on the gender and number of the subject. The masculine singular form ends with -ऊन (-oon), the masculine plural form ends with -ताना (-taana), and the feminine form ends with -ताना (-taana).
* तुम्ही कुठे जात आहात? (Tumhī kuthe jāt āhāt?) - Where are you going?
 
* मी स्कूलमध्ये गेलोत. (Mī skūlamadhyē gēlōta.) - I went to school.
Here are some example sentences using verbs in the future tense:
* माझा आज शामला चौफेर करुन जाणारो आहे. (Mājhā āj śāmalā cauphēra karuna jāṇāro āhē.) - I will be going for a drive this evening.
 
* माझं नातं तुमच्यासाठी राखून ठेवेन. (Maajha naat tumachyaasathi raakhun theven) - I will keep my promise for you.
* तू विद्यापीठात जाऊन पण सुखाने शिकणार आहेस. (Tu vidyaapeethaat jaun pan sukhane shiknaar aahes) - You will go to college and study happily.
* आपलं वर्षात त्याच्या शहरात जाणार नाही. (Aaplaṁ varshaat tyachya shaharaat jaṇaar naahi) - We will not go to his city this year.


=== To Eat ===
=== Imperative Form ===


"To eat" is used to describe the action of consuming food. Here are the present, past, and future forms of the verb "to eat" in Marathi.
The imperative form of a verb is used to give commands, instructions, or requests. In Marathi, the imperative form of a verb is derived from the present tense verb form. Let's take a look at some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Marathi !! Pronunciation !! English
! Marathi !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| खा (khaa) || [kʰaː] || eat! (singular)
|-
|-
| खाऊ (Present) || khāū || eat
| खाऊन घ्या (khaaun ghya) || [kʰaːuɳ ɡʱjaː] || eat! (plural)
|-
|-
| खालोत (Past) || khālōta || ate
| कर (kar) || [kaɾ] || do! (singular)
|-
|-
| खाणारो (Future) || khāṇāro || will eat
| करण्यार घ्या (karaṇyaar ghya) || [kaɾəɳjaːɾ ɡʱjaː] || do! (plural)
|}
|}


For example:
The singular imperative form is derived directly from the present tense verb form, while the plural imperative form is derived by adding -ऊन (-oon) to the verb stem. The plural form is used when addressing multiple people.
* तुम्ही काय खात आहात? (Tumhī kāy khāta āhāt?) - What do you eat?
 
* माझ्या आईचे हातात माझ्या जेवणाचे भाकरी आहेत. (Mājhyā āīchē hātāta mājhyā jēvaṇācē bhākarī āhēta.) - My mother has made bhakri (a type of bread) in her hands.
Here are some example sentences using verbs in the imperative form:
* मी समोसे खाणारो आहे. (Mī samōsē khāṇāro āhē.) - I will eat samosas. 
 
* आपलं सहकार्य करा. (Aaplaṁ sahakaarya kara) - Let's collaborate.
* तू खाऊन जा. (Tu khaaun jaa) - Go and eat.
* आपण त्याच्यावर काम करायला घ्या. (Aapaṇ tyachyaavar kaam karaayla ghya) - Let's make him work.
 
== Cultural Insights ==
 
Marathi, being one of the major languages of India, is influenced by the diverse cultures and traditions present in the region. The usage and understanding of verbs in Marathi may vary based on the dialects spoken in different parts of Maharashtra. For example, in urban areas like Mumbai, the usage of verbs may have some similarities with Hindi and English due to the cosmopolitan nature of the city. However, in rural areas, the traditional Marathi language is preserved more strongly.
 
Marathi literature, dating back to the 13th century, has contributed significantly to the development and richness of the language. Prominent Marathi poets and writers, such as Sant Dnyaneshwar, Sant Tukaram, and Lokmanya Tilak, have used verbs to express deep emotions, philosophical ideas, and social commentary. Exploring Marathi literature can give you a deeper appreciation for the language and its cultural significance.
 
In Marathi cinema, verbs play a vital role in portraying different characters, their actions, and emotions. Marathi films, known for their realistic and socially-relevant storytelling, often showcase the power of verbs in capturing the essence of a scene or dialogue. Watching Marathi movies can provide you with a valuable cultural insight into the everyday usage of verbs in various contexts.
 
== Exercises ==
 
Now, let's practice what you've learned! Complete the following exercises by using the appropriate verb forms in Marathi. We will provide you with the solutions and explanations afterward.
 
=== Exercise 1: Present Tense ===
 
1. Choose the correct verb form to complete the sentence:
 
तू रोज व्यायाम _______. (kar)
* जातोस (jaatos)
* करतोस (kartos)
* खातोस (khaatos)
 
2. Fill in the blank with the appropriate verb form:
 
मी आपलं दुसऱं पुस्तक _______. (vaach)
* वाचतो (vaachto)
* वाचतोस (vaachtos)
* वाचतोस (vaachtos)
 
3. Complete the sentence by choosing the correct verb form:
 
तुम्ही आपल्या कामांचं मदत _______ का? (kar)
* तोमांचं करता (tomancha karata)
* करता (karata)
* करतोस (kartos)
 
=== Exercise 2: Past Tense ===


=== To See ===
1. Select the appropriate verb form to complete the sentence:


"To see" is used to describe the action of using one's eyes to perceive something. Here are the present, past, and future forms of the verb "to see" in Marathi.
माझं आवडलं _______. (aavad)
* होतं (hot)
* होतो (hoto)
* आलं (aal)


{| class="wikitable"
2. Fill in the blank with the correct verb form:
! Marathi !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
तू कुठल्या मूळ विद्यापीठात _______? (shikl)
| बघाऊ (Present) || baghāū || see
* शिकलास (shiklaas)
|-
* शिकलोत (shikalot)
| पाहिलोत (Past) || pāhilōta || saw
* शिकले (shikale)
|-
 
| बघणारो (Future) || baghaṇāro || will see
3. Complete the sentence by choosing the appropriate verb form:
|}
 
तुम्ही किती खर्च _______? (kel)
* केले (kele)
* केलोत (kelot)
* केले (kele)
 
=== Exercise 3: Future Tense ===
 
1. Choose the correct verb form to complete the sentence:
 
माझं नातं तुमच्यासाठी राखून _______. (thev)
* ठेवो (thevo)
* ठेवेन (theven)
* ठेवेल (thevel)
 
2. Fill in the blank with the appropriate verb form:
 
तू विद्यापीठात जाऊन पण सुखाने _______. (shikn)
* शिकणार आहेस (shiknaar aahes)
* शिकणार आहेसे (shiknaar aahese)
* शिकणार आहेसो (shiknaar aaheso)
 
3. Complete the sentence by choosing the correct verb form:
 
आपलं वर्षात त्याच्या शहरात _______ नाही. (ja)
* जावायला (jaavaayala)
* जालं (jaal)
* जाणार (jaṇaar)
 
== Solutions ==
 
=== Exercise 1: Present Tense ===


For example:
1. तू रोज व्यायाम करतोस. (Tu roj vyaayam kartos) - You exercise daily.
* मी तुमची शक्यता वाचून पाहत होतो. (Mī tumacī śakyatā vācūna pāhata hōtō.) - I was watching your ability.
2. मी आपलं दुसऱं पुस्तक वाचतोस. (Mee aaplaṁ dusraṁ pustak vaachtos) - I am reading another book.
* तुमची नव्हेरी हा किती सुंदर बघायचा असण्याची आशा आहे. (Tumacī navhērī hā kitī sundar baghāyachā asaṇyācī āśā āhē.) - Hoping to see your new year being beautiful.
3. तुम्ही आपल्या कामांचं मदत करता का? (Tumhi aaplya kaamancha madat kartaa ka) - Do you help with our work?
* मी भक्त तुमची आणि तुमच्या संपूर्ण आयुष्याची धन्यवाद बघणारो आहे. (Mī bhakta tumacī aṇi tumacyā sampūrṇa āyuṣyācī dhanyavāda baghaṇāro āhē.) - I will see the gratitude towards you and your entire life.


== Other Common Verbs ==  
=== Exercise 2: Past Tense ===


In this section, you will learn other commonly used verbs in Marathi.
1. माझं आवडलं होतं. (Maajha aavadlaṁ hot) - I liked it.
2. तू कुठल्या मूळ विद्यापीठात शिकलास? (Tu kuthalya mool vidyaapeethaat shiklaas) - Where did you study originally?
3. तुम्ही किती खर्च केले? (Tumhi kiti kharch kele) - How much did you spend?


* आलो (Present), आला (Male Past), आली (Female Past), येणारो (Future) (ālō (Present), ālā (Male Past), ālī (Female Past), yēṇāro (Future)) - to come
=== Exercise 3: Future Tense ===
* बोलतो (Present), बोललोत (Past), बोलणारो (Future) (bōlatō (Present), bōlalōta (Past), bōlaṇāro (Future)) - to speak
* गंभीर होतो (Present), गंभीर होत असतो (Male Past), गंभीर होत असती (Female Past), गंभीर होणारो (Future) (ganbhīr hōtō (Present), ganbhīr hōta asatō (Male Past), ganbhīr hōta asatī (Female Past), ganbhīr hoṇāro (Future)) - to be serious
* बघायला मिळेल (Present), बघायला मिळाला (Male Past), बघायला मिळाली (Female Past), बघाणारो (Future) (baghāyalā miḷēla (Present), baghāyalā miḷālā (Male Past), baghāyalā miḷālī (Female Past), baghāṇāro (Future)) - to find


== Exercises ==
1. माझं नातं तुमच्यासाठी राखून ठेवेन. (Maajha naat tumachyaasathi raakhun theven) - I will keep my promise for you.
2. तू विद्यापीठात जाऊन पण सुखाने शिकणार आहेस. (Tu vidyaapeethaat jaun pan sukhane shiknaar aahes) - You will go to college and study happily.
3. आपलं वर्षात त्याच्या शहरात जाणार नाही. (Aaplaṁ varshaat tyachya shaharaat jaṇaar naahi) - We will not go to his city this year.


* Translate the following sentences from English to Marathi:
Congratulations! You have completed the exercises successfully. Keep practicing to reinforce your understanding of Marathi verbs and their usage in different tenses.
# Do you have any siblings?
# She will be happy to see you.
# They went to the movies last night.
# I am learning Marathi.
# He didn't eat breakfast this morning.


* Translate the following sentences from Marathi to English:
{{#seo:
# तुमच्या आजीच्या हातात कोणती घडी आहे? (Tumacyā ājīcyā hātāta kōṇatī ghaḍī āhē?)
|title=Marathi Vocabulary → Common Verbs and Adjectives → Common Verbs
# त्यांच्या कामामुळे ते
|keywords=Marathi verbs, Marathi present tense, Marathi past tense, Marathi future tense, Marathi imperative form, Marathi grammar
|description=In this lesson, you will learn common Marathi verbs, including their present, past, and future forms, and how to use them in sentences. Gain insights into Marathi culture and practice your skills with engaging exercises.
}}


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==Videos==
==Videos==
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===Learn Marathi Through English : Greetings, Vocabulary, Common ...===
===Learn Marathi Through English : Greetings, Vocabulary, Common ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gz6C8JN99Kg</youtube>
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gz6C8JN99Kg</youtube>
==Sources==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marathi_language Marathi language - Wikipedia]
* [http://learnmarathiwithkaushik.com/courses/verbs-in-marathi/ Verbs in Marathi - Learn Marathi With Kaushik]
* [https://www.stanzaliving.com/blog/marathi-words 25 Basic Marathi Words to Know in English]


==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Marathi/Vocabulary/Telling-Time|Telling Time]]
* [[Language/Marathi/Vocabulary/Telling-Time|Telling Time]]


<span class='maj'></span>
 
==Sources==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marathi_language Marathi language - Wikipedia]
* [http://learnmarathiwithkaushik.com/courses/verbs-in-marathi/ Verbs in Marathi - Learn Marathi With Kaushik]
* [https://www.stanzaliving.com/blog/marathi-words 25 Basic Marathi Words to Know in English]


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Revision as of 23:11, 20 June 2023

◀️ Pronouns — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Common Adjectives ▶️

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Marathi → Vocabulary → 0 to A1 Course → Common Verbs and Adjectives → Common Verbs

Introduction

Namaskar! (Hello!) Welcome to the lesson on common Marathi verbs. In this lesson, we will explore the world of verbs in Marathi, including their present, past, and future forms, and how to use them in sentences. Verbs are essential for expressing actions, states of being, and various other concepts. By learning common verbs, you will be able to communicate effectively in Marathi and express yourself with confidence.

Throughout this lesson, we will provide you with comprehensive explanations, numerous examples, and engaging exercises to help you grasp the concepts and apply them in real-life situations. So, let's dive into the fascinating world of Marathi verbs!

Common Verbs

Verbs are words that describe actions, occurrences, or states of being. In Marathi, verbs play a crucial role in constructing sentences and conveying meaning. They give life and movement to our language. In this section, we will introduce you to some common Marathi verbs and guide you through their usage in different tenses and sentence structures.

Present Tense

The present tense is used to describe actions happening at the current moment or habitual actions. In Marathi, the present tense of a verb is formed by adding specific suffixes to the verb stem. Let's take a look at some examples:

Marathi Pronunciation English Translation
खातो (khaato) [kʰaːtoː] eat (masculine singular)
खाते (khaate) [kʰaːteː] eat (masculine plural)
खाते (khaate) [kʰaːteː] eat (feminine singular/plural)
करतो (kartoo) [kəɾtoː] do (masculine singular)
करते (karte) [kəɾteː] do (masculine plural)
करते (karte) [kəɾteː] do (feminine singular/plural)

As you can see, the verb forms change based on the gender and number of the subject. The masculine singular form ends with -तो (-to), the masculine plural form ends with -ते (-te), and the feminine form ends with -ते (-te).

Here are some example sentences using verbs in the present tense:

  • मी आपलं दुसऱं वाचतो. (Mee aaplaṁ dusraṁ vaachto) - I am reading another book.
  • तू प्रतिदिन व्यायाम करतोस. (Tu pratidin vyaayam kartos) - You exercise every day.
  • तुम्ही आपल्या कामांचं मदत करता का? (Tumhi aaplya kaamancha madat kartaa ka) - Do you help with our work?

Past Tense

The past tense is used to describe actions that have already happened in the past. In Marathi, the past tense of a verb is formed by adding specific suffixes to the verb stem. Let's take a look at some examples:

Marathi Pronunciation English Translation
खालोत (khaalot) [kʰaːlot] ate (masculine singular)
खाले (khaale) [kʰaːle] ate (masculine plural)
खाले (khaale) [kʰaːle] ate (feminine singular/plural)
केलोत (kelot) [keːlot] did (masculine singular)
केले (kele) [keːle] did (masculine plural)
केले (kele) [keːle] did (feminine singular/plural)

Similar to the present tense, the verb forms change based on the gender and number of the subject. The masculine singular form ends with -लोत (-lot), the masculine plural form ends with -ले (-le), and the feminine form ends with -ले (-le).

Here are some example sentences using verbs in the past tense:

  • माझं आवडलं. (Maajha aavadlaṁ) - I liked it.
  • तू कुठल्या मूळ विद्यापीठात शिकलास? (Tu kuthalya mool vidyaapeethaat shiklaas) - Where did you study originally?
  • तुम्ही किती खर्च केले? (Tumhi kiti kharch kele) - How much did you spend?

Future Tense

The future tense is used to describe actions that will happen in the future. In Marathi, the future tense of a verb is formed by adding specific suffixes to the verb stem. Let's take a look at some examples:

Marathi Pronunciation English Translation
खाऊन (khaaun) [kʰaːuɳ] will eat (masculine singular)
खाताना (khaatana) [kʰaːtaːnaː] will eat (masculine plural)
खाताना (khaatana) [kʰaːtaːnaː] will eat (feminine singular/plural)
करण्यार (karaṇyaar) [kaɾəɳjaːɾ] will do (masculine singular)
करणार (karaṇaar) [kaɾəɳaːɾ] will do (masculine plural)
करणार (karaṇaar) [kaɾəɳaːɾ] will do (feminine singular/plural)

Just like the present and past tenses, the verb forms change based on the gender and number of the subject. The masculine singular form ends with -ऊन (-oon), the masculine plural form ends with -ताना (-taana), and the feminine form ends with -ताना (-taana).

Here are some example sentences using verbs in the future tense:

  • माझं नातं तुमच्यासाठी राखून ठेवेन. (Maajha naat tumachyaasathi raakhun theven) - I will keep my promise for you.
  • तू विद्यापीठात जाऊन पण सुखाने शिकणार आहेस. (Tu vidyaapeethaat jaun pan sukhane shiknaar aahes) - You will go to college and study happily.
  • आपलं वर्षात त्याच्या शहरात जाणार नाही. (Aaplaṁ varshaat tyachya shaharaat jaṇaar naahi) - We will not go to his city this year.

Imperative Form

The imperative form of a verb is used to give commands, instructions, or requests. In Marathi, the imperative form of a verb is derived from the present tense verb form. Let's take a look at some examples:

Marathi Pronunciation English Translation
खा (khaa) [kʰaː] eat! (singular)
खाऊन घ्या (khaaun ghya) [kʰaːuɳ ɡʱjaː] eat! (plural)
कर (kar) [kaɾ] do! (singular)
करण्यार घ्या (karaṇyaar ghya) [kaɾəɳjaːɾ ɡʱjaː] do! (plural)

The singular imperative form is derived directly from the present tense verb form, while the plural imperative form is derived by adding -ऊन (-oon) to the verb stem. The plural form is used when addressing multiple people.

Here are some example sentences using verbs in the imperative form:

  • आपलं सहकार्य करा. (Aaplaṁ sahakaarya kara) - Let's collaborate.
  • तू खाऊन जा. (Tu khaaun jaa) - Go and eat.
  • आपण त्याच्यावर काम करायला घ्या. (Aapaṇ tyachyaavar kaam karaayla ghya) - Let's make him work.

Cultural Insights

Marathi, being one of the major languages of India, is influenced by the diverse cultures and traditions present in the region. The usage and understanding of verbs in Marathi may vary based on the dialects spoken in different parts of Maharashtra. For example, in urban areas like Mumbai, the usage of verbs may have some similarities with Hindi and English due to the cosmopolitan nature of the city. However, in rural areas, the traditional Marathi language is preserved more strongly.

Marathi literature, dating back to the 13th century, has contributed significantly to the development and richness of the language. Prominent Marathi poets and writers, such as Sant Dnyaneshwar, Sant Tukaram, and Lokmanya Tilak, have used verbs to express deep emotions, philosophical ideas, and social commentary. Exploring Marathi literature can give you a deeper appreciation for the language and its cultural significance.

In Marathi cinema, verbs play a vital role in portraying different characters, their actions, and emotions. Marathi films, known for their realistic and socially-relevant storytelling, often showcase the power of verbs in capturing the essence of a scene or dialogue. Watching Marathi movies can provide you with a valuable cultural insight into the everyday usage of verbs in various contexts.

Exercises

Now, let's practice what you've learned! Complete the following exercises by using the appropriate verb forms in Marathi. We will provide you with the solutions and explanations afterward.

Exercise 1: Present Tense

1. Choose the correct verb form to complete the sentence:

तू रोज व्यायाम _______. (kar)

  • जातोस (jaatos)
  • करतोस (kartos)
  • खातोस (khaatos)

2. Fill in the blank with the appropriate verb form:

मी आपलं दुसऱं पुस्तक _______. (vaach)

  • वाचतो (vaachto)
  • वाचतोस (vaachtos)
  • वाचतोस (vaachtos)

3. Complete the sentence by choosing the correct verb form:

तुम्ही आपल्या कामांचं मदत _______ का? (kar)

  • तोमांचं करता (tomancha karata)
  • करता (karata)
  • करतोस (kartos)

Exercise 2: Past Tense

1. Select the appropriate verb form to complete the sentence:

माझं आवडलं _______. (aavad)

  • होतं (hot)
  • होतो (hoto)
  • आलं (aal)

2. Fill in the blank with the correct verb form:

तू कुठल्या मूळ विद्यापीठात _______? (shikl)

  • शिकलास (shiklaas)
  • शिकलोत (shikalot)
  • शिकले (shikale)

3. Complete the sentence by choosing the appropriate verb form:

तुम्ही किती खर्च _______? (kel)

  • केले (kele)
  • केलोत (kelot)
  • केले (kele)

Exercise 3: Future Tense

1. Choose the correct verb form to complete the sentence:

माझं नातं तुमच्यासाठी राखून _______. (thev)

  • ठेवो (thevo)
  • ठेवेन (theven)
  • ठेवेल (thevel)

2. Fill in the blank with the appropriate verb form:

तू विद्यापीठात जाऊन पण सुखाने _______. (shikn)

  • शिकणार आहेस (shiknaar aahes)
  • शिकणार आहेसे (shiknaar aahese)
  • शिकणार आहेसो (shiknaar aaheso)

3. Complete the sentence by choosing the correct verb form:

आपलं वर्षात त्याच्या शहरात _______ नाही. (ja)

  • जावायला (jaavaayala)
  • जालं (jaal)
  • जाणार (jaṇaar)

Solutions

Exercise 1: Present Tense

1. तू रोज व्यायाम करतोस. (Tu roj vyaayam kartos) - You exercise daily. 2. मी आपलं दुसऱं पुस्तक वाचतोस. (Mee aaplaṁ dusraṁ pustak vaachtos) - I am reading another book. 3. तुम्ही आपल्या कामांचं मदत करता का? (Tumhi aaplya kaamancha madat kartaa ka) - Do you help with our work?

Exercise 2: Past Tense

1. माझं आवडलं होतं. (Maajha aavadlaṁ hot) - I liked it. 2. तू कुठल्या मूळ विद्यापीठात शिकलास? (Tu kuthalya mool vidyaapeethaat shiklaas) - Where did you study originally? 3. तुम्ही किती खर्च केले? (Tumhi kiti kharch kele) - How much did you spend?

Exercise 3: Future Tense

1. माझं नातं तुमच्यासाठी राखून ठेवेन. (Maajha naat tumachyaasathi raakhun theven) - I will keep my promise for you. 2. तू विद्यापीठात जाऊन पण सुखाने शिकणार आहेस. (Tu vidyaapeethaat jaun pan sukhane shiknaar aahes) - You will go to college and study happily. 3. आपलं वर्षात त्याच्या शहरात जाणार नाही. (Aaplaṁ varshaat tyachya shaharaat jaṇaar naahi) - We will not go to his city this year.

Congratulations! You have completed the exercises successfully. Keep practicing to reinforce your understanding of Marathi verbs and their usage in different tenses.

Table of Contents - Marathi Course - 0 to A1


Basic Greetings and Introductions


Basic Sentence Structure


Numbers and Time


Nouns and Pronouns


Common Verbs and Adjectives


Questions and Answers


Food and Dining


Marathi Festivals and Traditions


Travel and Transportation


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Family and Relationships


Marathi Literature and Cinema

Videos

Most Common English words|English words with marathi meaning ...

Learn Marathi Through English : Greetings, Vocabulary, Common ...


Sources


Other Lessons


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