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<div class="pg_page_title">Afar Grammar - Adjectives</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">Afar Grammar - Adjectives</div>
Hi Afar learners! 😊<br>In today's lesson, we will be discussing adjectives in Afar. Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns and pronouns. They can be used to give more information about the noun or pronoun they are modifying. In Afar, adjectives are placed before the noun they are modifying.  
 
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/afar Afar] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will learn about adjectives in the Afar language. We will explore what adjectives are, how they are used in Afar sentences, and some examples to improve your understanding. We will also touch on some cultural insights along the way. So let's get started!


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== Adjective Agreement ==


Adjectives in Afar must agree with the noun they are modifying in gender and number. This means that the adjective must match the gender and number of the noun it is describing. For example, if the noun is feminine singular, then the adjective must also be feminine singular.
<span link>Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Afar/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]], [[Language/Afar/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]] & [[Language/Afar/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]].</span>
== What is an adjective? ==


=== Masculine Singular ===
In language, adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns (people, places, or things). In other words, they add more information to the noun by describing its characteristics or qualities. For example, if we say "big house," the word "big" is the adjective because it describes the size of the house.


When the noun is masculine singular, the adjective will take the following form:
In Afar, adjectives can come before or after the noun. When an adjective comes after the noun, it usually follows a verb like "be" or "become". Keep in mind that the word order doesn't change when using adjectives in Afar sentences.


* ''adjective'' + ''-a''
Let's look at some examples:


For example:
{| class="wikitable"
! Afar !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| qura || (ku-ra) || big
|-
| billa || (bil-la) || strong
|-
| malli || (mal-li) || weak
|-
| xuqurra || (khu-ku-ra) || small
|}


* ''dabbe'' (big) + ''-a'' = ''dabbea'' (big)
== Using adjectives in Afar sentences ==


=== Feminine Singular ===
Let's take a look at how adjectives are used in Afar sentences.


When the noun is feminine singular, the adjective will take the following form:
=== Example 1 ===


* ''adjective'' + ''-e''
Afar: Mardha xo gabam qura doo.
Pronunciation: (mar-dha kho ga-bam ku-ra doo)
English: The girl has a big book.


For example:
In this example, the adjective "qura" comes after the noun "gab" (book) and follows the verb "ga" (to have).


* ''dabbe'' (big) + ''-e'' = ''dabbee'' (big)
=== Example 2 ===


=== Masculine Plural ===
Afar: Billa bola garabtu noqoti.
Pronunciation: (bil-la bo-la ga-raab-tu noo-kho-ti)
English: The strong man endured the pain.


When the noun is masculine plural, the adjective will take the following form:
In this example, the adjective "billa" comes before the noun "bola" (man) and describes his strength.


* ''adjective'' + ''-ee''
=== Example 3 ===


For example:  
Afar: Malli sanbal daaddaru.
Pronunciation: (mal-li san-bal daa-dar-ru)
English: The weak donkey fell down.


* ''dabbe'' (big) + ''-ee'' = ''dabbeee'' (big)
In this example, the adjective "malli" comes before the noun "sanbal" (donkey) and tells us that it is weak.


=== Feminine Plural ===
=== Example 4 ===


When the noun is feminine plural, the adjective will take the following form:
Afar: Qaboobay tiroh xuqurra doo.
Pronunciation: (kha-boh-bay ti-roh kho-ku-ra doo)
English: The cat is small and cute.


* ''adjective'' + ''-ee''
In this example, the adjective "xuqurra" comes after the noun "tiroh" (cat) and follows the verb "be" (doo).


For example:
== Cultural Insights ==


* ''dabbe'' (big) + ''-ee'' = ''dabbeee'' (big)
The Afar people, also known as Danakil, are predominantly pastoral nomads who live along the Red Sea coast in Djibouti, Eritrea, and Ethiopia. They are known for their distinctive culture and unique way of life.


== Adjective Position ==
In Afar society, livestock (cattle, camels, sheep, and goats) are highly valued and play a crucial role in their economy and way of life. They believe that their livestock are their lifeblood and are often referred to as "the walking bank."


In Afar, adjectives are placed before the noun they are modifying. For example:
The Afar language is a part of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family. It is spoken by approximately 1.5 million Afar people and is the official language of Djibouti and Eritrea. Afar is also spoken in parts of Ethiopia, Somalia, and Sudan.


* ''dabbea bokkuu'' (big tree)
== Let's Practice ==


In this sentence, the adjective ''dabbea'' (big) is placed before the noun ''bokkuu'' (tree).
Let's create a dialogue to see adjectives in context:


== Adjective Comparison ==
* Person 1: Billa xalhisa uddurtuu noqotni. (The strong athlete won the race.)
* Person 2: Walaashe, madabooq xuqurra doo? (Hey, is that a small bird?)
* Person 1: Aan, waa xuqurra. (Yes, it's small.)
* Person 2: Yoolka hore malli goycay. (The old car broke down.)
* Person 1: Haatu, laxar mana baadho. (Let's go, we're not late yet.)


Adjectives in Afar can be compared using the suffixes ''-aa'' and ''-ee''. The suffix ''-aa'' is used to compare two things, while the suffix ''-ee'' is used to compare three or more things.
== Conclusion ==


For example:  
Congratulations! You have learned about the basics of adjectives in the Afar language. Remember that adjectives can come before or after the noun and that word order doesn't change when using them in Afar sentences. You can further improve your knowledge of Afar with the help of [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=2 native speakers], and you can also find other Afar resources on [https://polyglotclub.com/p/language-learning-resources available online]. Additionally, check out the [https://polyglotclub.com/language/afar/question Afar language forum] to ask any questions you may have.


* ''dabbea'' (big) + ''-aa'' = ''dabbeaa'' (bigger)
<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
* ''dabbea'' (big) + ''-ee'' = ''dabbeee'' (biggest)


<hr>If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎


<span link>With this lesson finished, you may want to explore these additional pages: [[Language/Afar/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use "Have"]], [[Language/Afar/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]] & [[Language/Afar/Grammar/Questions|Questions]].</span>
{{#seo:
|title=Afar Grammar - Adjectives
|keywords=afar language, afar adjectives, afar culture, afro-asiatic language family, afro-asiatic language, cushion branch, afro-asiatic language, djibouti, eritrea, ethiopia,
|description=Learn about the uses of adjectives and its importance in the Afar language. Discover the richness of the Afar culture and its unique way of life.
}}


==Related Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Afar/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Afar/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Afar/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
* [[Language/Afar/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Afar/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Afar/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
* [[Language/Afar/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Afar/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Afar/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Afar/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Afar/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/96/88/83/96888390144449810754009642919732851555/15387.pdf A generative grammar of Afar]


{{Afar-Page-Bottom}}
{{Afar-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Latest revision as of 13:40, 12 May 2023

Afar-Language-PolyglotClub.jpg
Afar Grammar - Adjectives

Hi Afar learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn about adjectives in the Afar language. We will explore what adjectives are, how they are used in Afar sentences, and some examples to improve your understanding. We will also touch on some cultural insights along the way. So let's get started!


Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: Pronouns, Conditional Mood & Give your Opinion.

What is an adjective?[edit | edit source]

In language, adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns (people, places, or things). In other words, they add more information to the noun by describing its characteristics or qualities. For example, if we say "big house," the word "big" is the adjective because it describes the size of the house.

In Afar, adjectives can come before or after the noun. When an adjective comes after the noun, it usually follows a verb like "be" or "become". Keep in mind that the word order doesn't change when using adjectives in Afar sentences.

Let's look at some examples:

Afar Pronunciation English
qura (ku-ra) big
billa (bil-la) strong
malli (mal-li) weak
xuqurra (khu-ku-ra) small

Using adjectives in Afar sentences[edit | edit source]

Let's take a look at how adjectives are used in Afar sentences.

Example 1[edit | edit source]

Afar: Mardha xo gabam qura doo. Pronunciation: (mar-dha kho ga-bam ku-ra doo) English: The girl has a big book.

In this example, the adjective "qura" comes after the noun "gab" (book) and follows the verb "ga" (to have).

Example 2[edit | edit source]

Afar: Billa bola garabtu noqoti. Pronunciation: (bil-la bo-la ga-raab-tu noo-kho-ti) English: The strong man endured the pain.

In this example, the adjective "billa" comes before the noun "bola" (man) and describes his strength.

Example 3[edit | edit source]

Afar: Malli sanbal daaddaru. Pronunciation: (mal-li san-bal daa-dar-ru) English: The weak donkey fell down.

In this example, the adjective "malli" comes before the noun "sanbal" (donkey) and tells us that it is weak.

Example 4[edit | edit source]

Afar: Qaboobay tiroh xuqurra doo. Pronunciation: (kha-boh-bay ti-roh kho-ku-ra doo) English: The cat is small and cute.

In this example, the adjective "xuqurra" comes after the noun "tiroh" (cat) and follows the verb "be" (doo).

Cultural Insights[edit | edit source]

The Afar people, also known as Danakil, are predominantly pastoral nomads who live along the Red Sea coast in Djibouti, Eritrea, and Ethiopia. They are known for their distinctive culture and unique way of life.

In Afar society, livestock (cattle, camels, sheep, and goats) are highly valued and play a crucial role in their economy and way of life. They believe that their livestock are their lifeblood and are often referred to as "the walking bank."

The Afar language is a part of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family. It is spoken by approximately 1.5 million Afar people and is the official language of Djibouti and Eritrea. Afar is also spoken in parts of Ethiopia, Somalia, and Sudan.

Let's Practice[edit | edit source]

Let's create a dialogue to see adjectives in context:

  • Person 1: Billa xalhisa uddurtuu noqotni. (The strong athlete won the race.)
  • Person 2: Walaashe, madabooq xuqurra doo? (Hey, is that a small bird?)
  • Person 1: Aan, waa xuqurra. (Yes, it's small.)
  • Person 2: Yoolka hore malli goycay. (The old car broke down.)
  • Person 1: Haatu, laxar mana baadho. (Let's go, we're not late yet.)

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations! You have learned about the basics of adjectives in the Afar language. Remember that adjectives can come before or after the noun and that word order doesn't change when using them in Afar sentences. You can further improve your knowledge of Afar with the help of native speakers, and you can also find other Afar resources on available online. Additionally, check out the Afar language forum to ask any questions you may have.


➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎


With this lesson finished, you may want to explore these additional pages: How to Use "Have", Plurals & Questions.

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

Sources[edit | edit source]