Language/Interlingua-international-auxiliary-language-association/Grammar/Plurals

Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) Grammar - Plurals

Hi Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will focus on plural nouns and how they function in Interlingua. We will also provide cultural information and interesting facts to illustrate some of the concepts. By the end of this lesson, you will have a good understanding of how to form and use plural nouns in Interlingua. Let's get started!

Consider broadening your understanding by checking out these related lessons: Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) Grammar ..., Interlingua-international-auxiliary-language-association Grammar ..., Negation & Imperative Tense.

Plurals in Interlingua

In Interlingua, plurals are formed by adding the suffix "-s" to the singular form of a noun. For example, casa (house) becomes casas (houses). The addition of this suffix is the most common way to form the plural in Interlingua.

However, there are exceptions to this rule. For nouns that end in "-s", "-x", or "-z", the plural is formed by adding "-es" to the singular form. For example, box (box) becomes boxes (boxes), and cruz (cross) becomes cruces (crosses).

There are also irregular nouns in Interlingua that have unique plural forms. Here are some examples:

Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association)	Pronunciation	English
die (day)	/di/	days
io (I)	/io/	we
homo (man, person)	/ˈhɔ.mo/	people
is (ice)	/is/	ice

As you can see, the plural form of each of these nouns differs from the standard "-s" or "-es" endings. It's important to learn these irregular plural forms as you encounter them in your studies of Interlingua.

Counting in Interlingua

In Interlingua, the cardinal numbers (1, 2, 3, etc.) are the same as in English. Here are some examples:

Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association)	Pronunciation	English
un	/un/	one
duo	/ˈdwo/	two
tres	/tres/	three
quar	/kwar/	four

To form number compounds higher than ten, you simply add the tens digit to the units digit, using "e" (and) as a separator. For example, twenty-five is venti-cinque, and seventy-two is septanta-duo.

When counting objects, the noun being counted is used in the singular form, followed by the number. For example, "two houses" is due casas in Interlingua.

Plural Nouns in Context

To help get a better understanding of how plural nouns work in Interlingua, let's look at some examples in context:

• Dialogue:

   * Person 1: Hic ha multe pomas sur le arbres. (/hik ha 'mul.te 'po.mas sur le 'ar.bres/) (There are many apples on the trees.)
   * Person 2: Io volerea alcun de illos, por favor. (/io vo.le're.a 'al.kun de 'il.los por fa'vor/) (I would like some of them, please.)

In this dialogue, we see the plural form of pomas (apples) being used to describe multiple apples on the trees. Person 2 then uses the singular form illos (them) to request some of the apples.

• Dialogue:

   * Person 1: Mi amicos ha canes bellissime. (/mi a'mi.kos ha 'ka.nes be'li.si.me/) (My friends have beautiful dogs.)
   * Person 2: Io ama canes, io ha un can mesme! (/io 'a.ma 'ka.nes io ha un 'kan 'mes.mo/) (I love dogs, I have a dog too!)

In this example, we see the plural form of canes (dogs) being used to describe the pets owned by Person 1's friends. Person 2 then uses the singular form of can (dog) to describe their own pet.

Plurals and Culture

In many cultures, the use of plurals can reveal much about the customs and traditions of the people who speak the language. In some cultures, the plural is used to show respect, while in others it is used to show informality.

For example, in many Spanish-speaking countries, the informal second-person singular pronoun tú (you) is used when addressing someone you are familiar with, while the formal second-person singular pronoun usted (you) is used when addressing someone you are not familiar with, or someone you wish to show respect to. However, in countries like Argentina, tú is rarely used and instead, vos is the preferred informal pronoun.

Similarly, in Japanese, the use of the plural form can reveal the speaker's level of politeness or formality. In Japanese, there is no plural form of a noun. Instead, the same word is used to express both singular and plural, but the particle "tachi" is added to show that there are more than one. For example, hito (person) becomes hitotachi to show plural. However, in formal settings, the word kata is used instead of hitotachi to show respect to the people being referred to.

Practice Plural Nouns

To further improve your knowledge of plural nouns, you can practice using them with native speakers. Find native speakers and ask them any questions you may have. You can also visit the Polyglot Club website for more resources to improve your Interlingua skills.

Sources

• Interlingua - Wikipedia
• Plural - Wikipedia

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Other Lessons

• Pronouns
• Definite Articles in Interlingua
• Past Tense
• Indefinite Articles in Interlingua
• Prepositions
• Adjectives
• Present Tense
• Questions
• Past Participle in Interlingua

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