Difference between revisions of "Language/Amharic/Grammar/Pronouns"

From Polyglot Club WIKI
Jump to navigation Jump to search
m (Quick edit)
m (Quick edit)
 
(5 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 3: Line 3:


<div class="pg_page_title">Amharic Grammar - Pronouns</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">Amharic Grammar - Pronouns</div>
Hi Amharic learners! 😊<br>In today's lesson, we will be discussing Amharic pronouns. Pronouns are an important part of the Amharic language and understanding them is essential for speaking and writing correctly. We will look at the different types of pronouns, how they are used, and some examples of their usage.
__TOC__


== Types of Pronouns ==
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/amharic Amharic] learners! 😊<br>
In this lesson, we will dive into the world of pronouns and how they work in Amharic. This is an intermediate level lesson, so we will assume that you already have a basic understanding of Amharic grammar. But don't worry, we will use cultural information, interesting facts, and analogies to help you master this concept. So let's get started! 🎉


Pronouns can be divided into two main categories: personal pronouns and possessive pronouns.
__TOC__


=== Personal Pronouns ===


Personal pronouns are used to refer to people or things. In Amharic, there are three types of personal pronouns: singular, dual, and plural.  
<span link>With the completion of this lesson, consider investigating these related pages: [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/%E2%80%9Cto-be%E2%80%9D-and-%E2%80%9Cto-have%E2%80%9D|“to be” and “to have”]], [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Direct-and-Indirect-Object-Affixes|Direct and Indirect Object Affixes]], [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Conjugation-of-the-verb-መኖር-“to-live”-(present-tense)|Conjugation of the verb መኖር “to live” (present tense)]] & [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Negation-and-Questions|Negation and Questions]].</span>
== What are pronouns? ==


* Singular pronouns are used to refer to one person or thing. Examples include: እኔ (I), አላህ (you), እርሱ (he/she/it).  
Before we jump into Amharic pronouns, let's review what pronouns are. A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. For example, instead of saying "Zewdu is my friend. Zewdu lives in Addis Ababa. Zewdu likes to eat injera," we can use pronouns to make the sentence more concise and less repetitive: "Zewdu is my friend. He lives in Addis Ababa and likes to eat injera."


* Dual pronouns are used to refer to two people or things. Examples include: እንተም (we two), እኔም (you two), እርሱም (they two).  
In English, pronouns include words like he, she, it, they, us, and so on. Similarly, in Amharic, there are several pronouns that are used to replace nouns in a sentence. We will cover these pronouns in the following sections.


* Plural pronouns are used to refer to more than two people or things. Examples include: እንተም (we), አላህም (you), እርሱም (they).
== Personal pronouns ==


=== Possessive Pronouns ===
Personal pronouns are the ones we use to refer to people or things. In Amharic, personal pronouns vary depending on the gender and number (singular/plural) of the noun they replace. Here are the personal pronouns in Amharic:


Possessive pronouns are used to indicate ownership or possession. In Amharic, there are three types of possessive pronouns: singular, dual, and plural.
{| class="wikitable"
! Amharic !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| እኔ || ʾəne || I/me
|-
| አንቺ || ənči || You (singular, female)
|-
| አንቻችሁ || ənčačəhu || You (plural, female)
|-
| እናንተ || ʾənanaču || You (plural)
|-
| እንደ || ʾəndə || He/him
|-
| እስክንድር || ʾəskəndər || She/her
|-
| እሱ || ʾəsu || Him/Her/It
|-
| እነሱ || ʾənašu || They
|}


* Singular possessive pronouns are used to indicate ownership or possession of one person or thing. Examples include: እኔን (mine), አላህን (yours), እርሱን (his/hers/its).
Now let's see some examples to help you understand how you can use these pronouns:


* Dual possessive pronouns are used to indicate ownership or possession of two people or things. Examples include: እኔንም (ours two), አላህንም (yours two), እርሱንም (theirs two).
* Person 1: እኔ ብናጭ ነኝ። (ʾəne bināči nāgē.) (I am hungry.)
* Person 2: እሷ ካልሰሙ ቤት ከጤና ይሰራል። (ʾəšua kaləsmu bētə kētəna yisəral.) (She will cook dinner with spices.)
* Person 1: ከፍተኛ ቀን እነዚያ ተመልካለች። (kfətəna kʾən ʾənnažətəməlakalacči.) (They will be busy on the weekend)
* Person 2: እናንተ ወደ ባሕር ስንት ሰዓት ነው? (ʾənanaču wädä Bahärä sənta säʿat na'əw?) (What time are you guys leaving to Bahir Dar?)


* Plural possessive pronouns are used to indicate ownership or possession of more than two people or things. Examples include: እኔንም (ours), አላህንም (yours), እርሱንም (theirs).  
Remember to pay attention to the gender and number of the nouns they replace. Once you have a good understanding of personal pronouns, let's move on to possessive pronouns.


== Usage ==
== Possessive pronouns ==


Pronouns are used in a variety of ways in Amharic. They can be used as the subject of a sentence, the object of a sentence, or as a possessive pronoun.  
Possessive pronouns are pronouns that show ownership or possession. In English, we use words like mine, yours, his, hers, and theirs to express possession. Similarly, Amharic has its own set of possessive pronouns that vary depending on gender and number.


* As the subject of a sentence, pronouns are used to refer to the person or thing performing the action. For example: እኔ የሚጠቅመው ነው (I am doing it).
Here are the possessive pronouns in Amharic:


* As the object of a sentence, pronouns are used to refer to the person or thing receiving the action. For example: እኔ እርሱን አላህ አድርጎ ነው (I gave it to him/her).
{| class="wikitable"
! Amharic !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| እኔዎች || ʾənewōču || My
|-
| አንቺዎች || ənčiwōču || Your (singular, female)
|-
| እናቶች || ʾənatōču || Your (plural)
|-
| የእውቀት || yäʾəwkät || His
|-
| የሴት እውቀት || yäsət ʾəwkät || Hers
|-
| የእኔና እስያት || yäʾənena ʾəsyaṭ || Ours
|-
| የእኛውም || yäʾənewäm || Theirs
|}


* As a possessive pronoun, pronouns are used to indicate ownership or possession. For example: እኔን መልካም ነው (It is mine).
It's important to remember that these pronouns also change depending on the gender and number of the nouns they replace. Let's see some examples:


== Examples ==
* Person 1: እውቀት የኔ ነው። (ʾəwkät yänə nagē.) (This is my book.)
* Person 2: የታዩት ቤቶች ከቶ ይበላሉ? (yätayutəću bētōčə kätō yibaləlu?) (Whose houses are those?)
* Person 1: በዚህ ስትያት እናት ያስተማራል። (bəzihə səyatʾa ʾənat yasətəmaral.) (Her mother will be here soon.)
* Person 2: የነበሩት መተማመኛ ወደድ የሚኖረው ሉቀት ነው። (yänäbbəru mätəmaməgna wedä yämənəräw ləkətə nagē.) (Their favorite restaurant is closed today.)


Here are some examples of pronouns being used in sentences:
Now that you have a good understanding of personal and possessive pronouns, let's move on to demonstrative pronouns.


* እኔ አላህን አድርጎ ነው (I gave you it).
== Demonstrative pronouns ==


* እኔን እርሱን አድርጎ ነው (I gave it to him/her).  
Demonstrative pronouns are used to point to something specific within a sentence. In English, we use words like this, that, these, and those to indicate the objects being referred to. Similarly, in Amharic, demonstrative pronouns are used to indicate the location of the noun they replace. Let's see some examples:


* እኔንም አላህንም አድርጎ ነው (We gave you two it).
{| class="wikitable"
! Amharic !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| ይህ || yih || This (singular)
|-
| ይኸው || yihekew || This (plural)
|-
| አንድ || əndə || That (singular)
|-
| አንድም || əndəmə || That (plural)
|-
| ድምር || dəmr || It (as subject)
|-
| ይተግበር || yitəgäbär || It (as object)
|}


* እኔንም እርሱንም አድርጎ ነው (We gave them two it).
Now let's see some examples:


* እኔን መልካም ነው (It is mine).  
* Person 1: ይህ ገበያ ነው። (yih gabäya nagē.) (This is a pen.)
* Person 2: እንደ ድንጋይ እናት ያስደንቀዋል። (ʾəndənğači ʾənat yasədnəkwawal.) (That mother is very kind.)
* Person 1: ይኸው ቤት ተጭነዋል። (yihekew bētə täčənəwal.) (These houses are big.)
* Person 2: አንድም ሰው አይደርስም። (əndəmə səwu ayyidirism.) (Those guys are not trustworthy.)


* እኔንም አላህንም መልካም ነው (It is ours two).  
By now, you should have a good understanding of the different types of pronouns in Amharic. Keep practicing and don't forget to ask [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=5 native speakers] if you have any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/amharic/question questions]. Also, make sure to check out other [https://polyglotclub.com/language/amharic/learn resources] on [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] to improve your Amharic language skills! 😊👍


* እኔንም እርሱንም መልካም ነው (It is theirs two).  
<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎


<hr>If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amharic Amharic - Wikipedia]
* [http://learn101.org/amharic_grammar.php Amharic Grammar | LEARN101.ORG]


* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pronoun Pronoun]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demonstrative_pronoun Demonstrative pronoun]


{{#seo:
|title=Amharic Grammar - Pronouns
|keywords=Amharic grammar, pronouns, personal pronouns, possessive pronouns, demonstrative pronouns
|description=In this lesson, we will explore the different types of pronouns in Amharic grammar, including personal, possessive and demonstrative pronouns. Learn how to replace nouns with the correct pronouns and improve your Amharic language skills.
}}


==Videos==
==Videos==
===Learn Amharic - Personal Pronouns - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YqsPg7HB7bs</youtube>


===Amharic for beginners lesson 4 (Pronouns and the Verb "to be ...===
===Amharic for beginners lesson 4 (Pronouns and the Verb "to be ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lPaJosADEJ0</youtube>
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lPaJosADEJ0</youtube>


===How to Speak Amharic: Pronouns - YouTube===
==Other Lessons==
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FWnOR3GCDwo</youtube>
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Time-Adverbs|Time Adverbs]]
 
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
===Learn Amharic - Personal Pronouns - YouTube===
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Negative-Present-Future-Tense|Negative Present Future Tense]]
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YqsPg7HB7bs</youtube>
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Expressing-Obligation-or-Necessity|Expressing Obligation or Necessity]]
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Simple-Gerundive|Simple Gerundive]]
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/“to-be”-and-“to-have”|“to be” and “to have”]]
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/2-sequential-actions-in-the-present|2 sequential actions in the present]]
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]


{{Amharic-Page-Bottom}}
{{Amharic-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Latest revision as of 20:55, 27 March 2023

Amharic-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Amharic Grammar - Pronouns

Hi Amharic learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will dive into the world of pronouns and how they work in Amharic. This is an intermediate level lesson, so we will assume that you already have a basic understanding of Amharic grammar. But don't worry, we will use cultural information, interesting facts, and analogies to help you master this concept. So let's get started! 🎉


With the completion of this lesson, consider investigating these related pages: “to be” and “to have”, Direct and Indirect Object Affixes, Conjugation of the verb መኖር “to live” (present tense) & Negation and Questions.

What are pronouns?[edit | edit source]

Before we jump into Amharic pronouns, let's review what pronouns are. A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. For example, instead of saying "Zewdu is my friend. Zewdu lives in Addis Ababa. Zewdu likes to eat injera," we can use pronouns to make the sentence more concise and less repetitive: "Zewdu is my friend. He lives in Addis Ababa and likes to eat injera."

In English, pronouns include words like he, she, it, they, us, and so on. Similarly, in Amharic, there are several pronouns that are used to replace nouns in a sentence. We will cover these pronouns in the following sections.

Personal pronouns[edit | edit source]

Personal pronouns are the ones we use to refer to people or things. In Amharic, personal pronouns vary depending on the gender and number (singular/plural) of the noun they replace. Here are the personal pronouns in Amharic:

Amharic Pronunciation English
እኔ ʾəne I/me
አንቺ ənči You (singular, female)
አንቻችሁ ənčačəhu You (plural, female)
እናንተ ʾənanaču You (plural)
እንደ ʾəndə He/him
እስክንድር ʾəskəndər She/her
እሱ ʾəsu Him/Her/It
እነሱ ʾənašu They

Now let's see some examples to help you understand how you can use these pronouns:

  • Person 1: እኔ ብናጭ ነኝ። (ʾəne bināči nāgē.) (I am hungry.)
  • Person 2: እሷ ካልሰሙ ቤት ከጤና ይሰራል። (ʾəšua kaləsmu bētə kētəna yisəral.) (She will cook dinner with spices.)
  • Person 1: ከፍተኛ ቀን እነዚያ ተመልካለች። (kfətəna kʾən ʾənnažətəməlakalacči.) (They will be busy on the weekend)
  • Person 2: እናንተ ወደ ባሕር ስንት ሰዓት ነው? (ʾənanaču wädä Bahärä sənta säʿat na'əw?) (What time are you guys leaving to Bahir Dar?)

Remember to pay attention to the gender and number of the nouns they replace. Once you have a good understanding of personal pronouns, let's move on to possessive pronouns.

Possessive pronouns[edit | edit source]

Possessive pronouns are pronouns that show ownership or possession. In English, we use words like mine, yours, his, hers, and theirs to express possession. Similarly, Amharic has its own set of possessive pronouns that vary depending on gender and number.

Here are the possessive pronouns in Amharic:

Amharic Pronunciation English
እኔዎች ʾənewōču My
አንቺዎች ənčiwōču Your (singular, female)
እናቶች ʾənatōču Your (plural)
የእውቀት yäʾəwkät His
የሴት እውቀት yäsət ʾəwkät Hers
የእኔና እስያት yäʾənena ʾəsyaṭ Ours
የእኛውም yäʾənewäm Theirs

It's important to remember that these pronouns also change depending on the gender and number of the nouns they replace. Let's see some examples:

  • Person 1: እውቀት የኔ ነው። (ʾəwkät yänə nagē.) (This is my book.)
  • Person 2: የታዩት ቤቶች ከቶ ይበላሉ? (yätayutəću bētōčə kätō yibaləlu?) (Whose houses are those?)
  • Person 1: በዚህ ስትያት እናት ያስተማራል። (bəzihə səyatʾa ʾənat yasətəmaral.) (Her mother will be here soon.)
  • Person 2: የነበሩት መተማመኛ ወደድ የሚኖረው ሉቀት ነው። (yänäbbəru mätəmaməgna wedä yämənəräw ləkətə nagē.) (Their favorite restaurant is closed today.)

Now that you have a good understanding of personal and possessive pronouns, let's move on to demonstrative pronouns.

Demonstrative pronouns[edit | edit source]

Demonstrative pronouns are used to point to something specific within a sentence. In English, we use words like this, that, these, and those to indicate the objects being referred to. Similarly, in Amharic, demonstrative pronouns are used to indicate the location of the noun they replace. Let's see some examples:

Amharic Pronunciation English
ይህ yih This (singular)
ይኸው yihekew This (plural)
አንድ əndə That (singular)
አንድም əndəmə That (plural)
ድምር dəmr It (as subject)
ይተግበር yitəgäbär It (as object)

Now let's see some examples:

  • Person 1: ይህ ገበያ ነው። (yih gabäya nagē.) (This is a pen.)
  • Person 2: እንደ ድንጋይ እናት ያስደንቀዋል። (ʾəndənğači ʾənat yasədnəkwawal.) (That mother is very kind.)
  • Person 1: ይኸው ቤት ተጭነዋል። (yihekew bētə täčənəwal.) (These houses are big.)
  • Person 2: አንድም ሰው አይደርስም። (əndəmə səwu ayyidirism.) (Those guys are not trustworthy.)

By now, you should have a good understanding of the different types of pronouns in Amharic. Keep practicing and don't forget to ask native speakers if you have any questions. Also, make sure to check out other resources on Polyglot Club to improve your Amharic language skills! 😊👍


➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

Sources[edit | edit source]

Videos[edit | edit source]

Learn Amharic - Personal Pronouns - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Amharic for beginners lesson 4 (Pronouns and the Verb "to be ...[edit | edit source]

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]