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'''The personal pronouns - The Nominative case''' (it answer the question "who?" - "cine?"):
[[File:Romania-Language-PolyglotClub.png|thumb]]
# I - Eu
2. You - Tu


3. He, She - El, Ea
Welcome to the lesson on Romanian grammar cases! Cases play a crucial role in understanding the structure and meaning of sentences in the Romanian language. Romanian, like many other languages, has a system of noun declension that marks the grammatical case of a noun in a sentence. In this lesson, we will explore the five cases of Romanian - nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, and vocative - and learn how they are used in different sentence structures.


4. We - Noi
So, let's dive in!


5. You - Voi
<span link>Take a moment to explore these relevant pages as you conclude this lesson:</span> [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]], [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Negation|Negation]], [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Prepositions-and-Postpositions|Prepositions and Postpositions]] & [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Adjectives-and-Adverbs|Adjectives and Adverbs]].  
==The Nominative case==


6. They - Ei, Ele
<blockquote>It answers the question "who?" - "cine?</blockquote>


'''''example''''': ''"We go to the mountains." - "Noi mergem la munte."''
{| class="wikitable" style=" border: none; background: azure; padding-left: 25%;"
|-
| I || Eu
|-
| You || Tu
|-
| He, She || El, Ea
|-
| We || Noi
|-
| You || Voi
|-
| They || Ei, Ele
|}


''"He is programmer." - "El este programator."''
===Examples===


'''''Notes''''': ''El, ei - masculine gender''
{| class="wikitable" style="border-right:none; background: azure; padding-left: 25%;"
|-
| ''"We go to the mountains." ''|| "Noi mergem la munte."
|-
|''"He is programmer." ''|| "El este programator."
|}


''Ea, ele - female gender''
===Notes===


'''The pronoun - The Acussative case''' (it answer the question "who?/whom?" - "pe cine/pe ce?"):
{| class="wikitable" style=" border: none; background: azure; padding-left: 25%;"
# Pe mine/m-
|-
2. Pe tine
| ''El, ei ''|| masculine gender
|-
| ''Ea, ele ''|| female gender
|}


3. Pe el/ea
==The Acussative case==


4. Pe noi
<blockquote>It answers the question "who?/whom?" - "pe cine/pe ce?")</blockquote>


5. Pe voi
{| class="wikitable"  style="background: azure; padding-left: 25%;"
|-
|Pe mine/m
|-
|Pe tine
|-
|Pe el/ea
|-
|Pe noi
|-
|Pe voi
|-
|Pe ei/ele
|}


6. Pe ei/ele
===Examples===


'''''example''''': ''"I blamed you." - "Eu am dat vina pe voi."''
{| class="wikitable" style="border-right:none; background: azure; padding-left: 25%;"
|-
| ''"I blamed you." ''|| "Eu am dat vina pe voi."
|-
| ''"We asked him if he want an ice cream." ''|| "L-am întrebat (pe el) dacă vrea o înghețată."
|-
| ''"My heart hurts." ''|| "(Pe mine) Mă doare inima."
|-
| ''"I moved to London." ''|| "M-am mutat în Londra."
|}


''"We asked him if he want an ice cream." - "L-am întrebat (pe el) dacă vrea o înghețată."''
===Notes===


''"My heart hurts." - "(Pe mine) Mă doare inima."''
{| class="wikitable" style="background: azure; padding-left: 25%;"
|-
| ''Pe el, pe ei ''|| masculine gender
|-
| ''Pe ea, pe ele ''|| female gender
|}


''"I moved to London." - "M-am mutat în Londra."''
==The Genitive case==


'''''Notes''''': ''Pe el, pe ei - masculine gender''
<blockquote>It answers the question "whose?/of what?" - "A/al cui?"</blockquote>


''Pe ea, pe ele - female gender''
{| class="wikitable" style="background: azure; padding-left: 25%;"
|-
| Al meu, a mea
|-
| Al tau, a ta
|-
| Al lui/Al ei, a lui/a ei
|-
| Al nostru, a noastra
|-
| Al vostru, a voastra
|-
| Al lor, a lor
|}


'''The pronoun - The Genitive case''' (it answer the question "whose?/of what?" - "A/al cui?"):
===Examples===
# Al meu, a mea
2. Al tau, a ta


3. Al lui/Al ei, a lui/a ei
{| class="wikitable" style="background: azure; padding-left: 25%;"
|-
| ''"This book is yours." ''|| "Cartea aceasta este a voastră."
|}


4. Al nostru, a noastra
===Notes===


5. Al vostru, a voastra
{| class="wikitable" style="background: azure; padding-left: 25%;"
|-
| ''Al lui  ''|| the object is masculine gender; the person is masculine gender
|-
| ''A lui ''|| the object is female gender; the person is masculine gender
|-
| ''Al ei ''|| the object is masculine gender; the person is female gender
|-
| ''A ei ''|| the object is female gender; the person is female gender
|}


6. Al lor, a lor
==The Dative case==


'''''example''''': ''"The red car is hers." - "Mașina roșie este a ei."''
<blockquote>It answers the question "who?" - "cui?"</blockquote>


''"This book is yours." - "Cartea aceasta este a voastră."''
{| class="wikitable" style="background: azure; padding-left: 25%;"
|-
| Mie, îmi, mi(-)
|-
|Ție, îți, ți-
|-
|Lui/Ei, îi ,i-
|-
|Nouă, ne-, ni
|-
|Vouă, vă, vi
|-
|Lor, le-, li
|}


'''''Notes''''': ''Al lui  - the object is masculine gender; the person is masculine gender''
===Examples===


''A lui - the object is female gender; the person is masculine gender''
{| class="wikitable" style="background: azure; padding-left: 25%;"
|-
| ''"I gave him a name." ''|| "(Lui/Ei) i-am dat un nume."
|-
| ''"The success is thanks to him" ''|| "Succesul este grație lui."
|}


''Al ei - the object is masculine gender; the person is female gender''
===Notes===


''A ei - the object is female gender; the person is female gender''
{| class="wikitable" style="background: azure; padding-left: 25%;"
|-
| ''Lui ''|| masculine gender
|-
| ''Ei ''|| female gender
|}


'''The pronoun -  The Dative case''' (it answer the question "who?" - "cui?"):
==The Locative case==
# Mie, îmi, mi(-)
<blockquote>It answers the question "to who?/to whom?" - "la cine?/la ce?"</blockquote>
# Ție, îți, ți-
# Lui/Ei, îi ,i-
# Nouă, ne-, ni
# Vouă, vă, vi
# Lor, le-, li
'''''example''''': ''"I gave him a name." - "(Lui/Ei) i-am dat un nume."''


''"The success is thanks to him" - "Succesul este grație lui."''
{| class="wikitable" style="background: azure; padding-left: 25%;"
|-
| La mine
|-
|La tine
|-
|La el/La ea
|-
|La noi
|-
|La voi
|-
|La ei/La ele
|}


'''''Notes''''': ''Lui - masculine gender''
===Examples===


''Ei - female gender''
{| class="wikitable" style="background: azure; padding-left: 25%;"
|-
| ''"We'll come to you." ''|| "(Noi) Vom veni la voi."
|}


'''The pronoun - The Locative case''' (it answer the question "to who?/to whom?" - "la cine?/la ce?"):
===Notes===
# La mine
# La tine
# La el/La ea
# La noi
# La voi
# La ei/La ele
'''''example''''': ''"We'll come to you." - "(Noi) Vom veni la voi."''


'''''Notes''''': ''La el/La ei - masculine gender''
{| class="wikitable" style="background: azure; padding-left: 25%;"
|-
| ''La el/La ei ''|| masculine gender
|-
| ''La ea/La ele ''|| female gender
|}


''La ea/La ele - female gender''
==The Ablative case==
<blockquote>It answers the question "from who?/ from whom?" - "de la cine?/de la ce?/decât cine?/ decât ce?</blockquote>


'''The pronoun -  The Ablative case''' (it answer the question "from who?/ from whom?" - "de la cine?/de la ce?/decât cine?/ decât ce?):
{| class="wikitable" style="background: azure; padding-left: 25%;"
# De la/Decât mine
|-
# De la/Decât tine
| De la/Decât mine
# De la/Decât el/ea
|-
# De la/Decât noi
| De la/Decât tine
# De la/Decât voi
|-
# De la/Decât ei/ele
| De la/Decât el/ea
'''''example''''': ''"I know this of you." - "(Eu) Știu aceasta de la tine."''
|-
| De la/Decât noi
|-
| De la/Decât voi
|-
| De la/Decât ei/ele
|}


''"He's taller than her." - "El este mai înalt decât ea."''
===Examples===


'''''Notes''''': ''De la el/Decât el, De la ei/Decât ei - masculine gender''
{| class="wikitable" style="background: azure; padding-left: 25%;"
|-
| ''"I know this of you." ''|| "(Eu) Știu aceasta de la tine."
|-
| ''"He's taller than her." ''|| "El este mai înalt decât ea."
|}


''De la ea/Decât ea, De la ele/Decât ele - female gender''
===Notes===
 
{| class="wikitable" style="background: azure; padding-left: 25%;"
|-
|-
| ''De la el/Decât el, De la ei/Decât ei ''|| masculine gender
|-
| ''De la ea/Decât ea, De la ele/Decât ele ''|| female gender
|}
 
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Instrumental-Case-in-Romanian|Instrumental Case in Romanian]]
* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Prepositions|Prepositions]]
* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Indefinite-Articles-in-Romanian|Indefinite Articles in Romanian]]
* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Genitive-Case-in-Romanian|Genitive Case in Romanian]]
* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Gender-of-Nouns|Gender of Nouns]]
* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Verb-to-be-with-names-and-places|Verb to be with names and places]]
* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/The-Accusative-Case-in-Romanian|The Accusative Case in Romanian]]
* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/The-Locative-Case-in-Romanian|The Locative Case in Romanian]]
* [[Language/Romanian/Grammar/Inclusive-Case-in-Romanian|Inclusive Case in Romanian]]
<span links></span>

Latest revision as of 23:14, 26 March 2023

Romania-Language-PolyglotClub.png

Welcome to the lesson on Romanian grammar cases! Cases play a crucial role in understanding the structure and meaning of sentences in the Romanian language. Romanian, like many other languages, has a system of noun declension that marks the grammatical case of a noun in a sentence. In this lesson, we will explore the five cases of Romanian - nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, and vocative - and learn how they are used in different sentence structures.

So, let's dive in!

Take a moment to explore these relevant pages as you conclude this lesson: Conditional Mood, Negation, Prepositions and Postpositions & Adjectives and Adverbs.

The Nominative case[edit | edit source]

It answers the question "who?" - "cine?

I Eu
You Tu
He, She El, Ea
We Noi
You Voi
They Ei, Ele

Examples[edit | edit source]

"We go to the mountains." "Noi mergem la munte."
"He is programmer." "El este programator."

Notes[edit | edit source]

El, ei masculine gender
Ea, ele female gender

The Acussative case[edit | edit source]

It answers the question "who?/whom?" - "pe cine/pe ce?")

Pe mine/m
Pe tine
Pe el/ea
Pe noi
Pe voi
Pe ei/ele

Examples[edit | edit source]

"I blamed you." "Eu am dat vina pe voi."
"We asked him if he want an ice cream." "L-am întrebat (pe el) dacă vrea o înghețată."
"My heart hurts." "(Pe mine) Mă doare inima."
"I moved to London." "M-am mutat în Londra."

Notes[edit | edit source]

Pe el, pe ei masculine gender
Pe ea, pe ele female gender

The Genitive case[edit | edit source]

It answers the question "whose?/of what?" - "A/al cui?"

Al meu, a mea
Al tau, a ta
Al lui/Al ei, a lui/a ei
Al nostru, a noastra
Al vostru, a voastra
Al lor, a lor

Examples[edit | edit source]

"This book is yours." "Cartea aceasta este a voastră."

Notes[edit | edit source]

Al lui the object is masculine gender; the person is masculine gender
A lui the object is female gender; the person is masculine gender
Al ei the object is masculine gender; the person is female gender
A ei the object is female gender; the person is female gender

The Dative case[edit | edit source]

It answers the question "who?" - "cui?"

Mie, îmi, mi(-)
Ție, îți, ți-
Lui/Ei, îi ,i-
Nouă, ne-, ni
Vouă, vă, vi
Lor, le-, li

Examples[edit | edit source]

"I gave him a name." "(Lui/Ei) i-am dat un nume."
"The success is thanks to him" "Succesul este grație lui."

Notes[edit | edit source]

Lui masculine gender
Ei female gender

The Locative case[edit | edit source]

It answers the question "to who?/to whom?" - "la cine?/la ce?"

La mine
La tine
La el/La ea
La noi
La voi
La ei/La ele

Examples[edit | edit source]

"We'll come to you." "(Noi) Vom veni la voi."

Notes[edit | edit source]

La el/La ei masculine gender
La ea/La ele female gender

The Ablative case[edit | edit source]

It answers the question "from who?/ from whom?" - "de la cine?/de la ce?/decât cine?/ decât ce?

De la/Decât mine
De la/Decât tine
De la/Decât el/ea
De la/Decât noi
De la/Decât voi
De la/Decât ei/ele

Examples[edit | edit source]

"I know this of you." "(Eu) Știu aceasta de la tine."
"He's taller than her." "El este mai înalt decât ea."

Notes[edit | edit source]

De la el/Decât el, De la ei/Decât ei masculine gender
De la ea/Decât ea, De la ele/Decât ele female gender

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

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