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<div class="pg_page_title">Dari Grammar - Negation</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">Dari Grammar - Negation</div>
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/dari Dari] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will learn about negation in Dari. Negation is an important part of any language, and it is essential to understand how to use it correctly in order to communicate effectively. We will look at the different ways to express negation in Dari, as well as some examples of how to use them. __TOC__


Negation is a way of expressing the opposite of something. In Dari, there are several ways to express negation. The most common way is to use the word ''na'' (نه). This word can be used to negate verbs, adjectives, and nouns. For example:  
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/dari Dari] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, you will learn about negation in Dari grammar. Negation is used to negate a sentence or a phrase, making it negative. It’s an essential part of any language, so let's get started!
 
__TOC__
 
== Basics ==
 
In Dari, negation is achieved via the particle نه which is added after the verb, preceding the object or the complement. For example:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Dari !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
! Dari !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
| مانده‌ام. نه. || mândeam. na || I didn’t stay.
|-
|-
| من نه دارم || man na dāram || I don't have
| من خسته شدم. نه. || man khaste shodam. na || I’m not tired.
|-
|}
| او نه بلده || ū na baladah || He is not from here
 
|-
In the examples above, we can see that نه is added after the verb to negate the sentence. Note that the same particle is added for both present and past tenses. For imperative forms of the verbs, however, the negation particle مت is used:
| او نه خوبه || ū na khōbah || He is not good
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Dari !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| او نه بخوره || ū na bakhōrah || He does not eat
| نرو! مت! || na-rau! mat! || Don't go!
|}
|}


Another way to express negation in Dari is to use the word ''nist'' (نیست). This word is used to negate verbs, adjectives, and nouns. For example:  
== Negation with quantifiers ==
 
Negation in Dari language is also used with quantifiers such as every, any, some, and no. In this case, the particle نه is added before the quantifier. For example:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Dari !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
! Dari !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
| هیچ دفعه نمی‌آید. || hîch def'e namiyâyad. || He never comes.
|-
|-
| من نیست دارم || man nist dāram || I don't have
| همه چیز را دارد، نه فقط کمی. || hame chîz râ dârad, na faqat kamî. || He has everything, not just a little.
|-
| او نیست بلده || ū nist baladah || He is not from here
|-
| او نیست خوبه || ū nist khōbah || He is not good
|-
| او نیست بخوره || ū nist bakhōrah || He does not eat
|}
|}


The third way to express negation in Dari is to use the word ''nadāram'' (ندارم). This word is used to negate verbs only. For example:  
In the examples above, we can see how the negative particle is used before the quantifier to negate the sentence. Note that the negative particle can also be used with other parts of speech, such as adjectives and adverbs:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Dari !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
! Dari !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
| کودکی نه صبوری دارد. || kudaki na saburi dârad. || The child is not patient. 
|-
| من ندارم بخوره || man nadāram bakhōrah || I don't eat
|-
| من ندارم خوابه || man nadāram khābah || I don't sleep
|-
| من ندارم بلده || man nadāram baladah || I'm not from here
|-
|-
| من ندارم خوبه || man nadāram khōbah || I'm not good
| زنده نیست. || zendeh nist. || He is not alive.
|}
|}


Finally, the fourth way to express negation in Dari is to use the word ''nadārad'' (ندارد). This word is used to negate adjectives and nouns only. For example:
== Double negation ==
 
In Dari grammar, double negation is not allowed. Using two negative particles in the same sentence leads to ambiguity, and it changes the meaning of the sentence. Therefore, one should be careful when using negative sentences in Dari language.  


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Dari !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
! Dari !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
| من هیچ کاری نمی‌کنم. || man hîch kârî nemîkonam. || I do nothing. 
|-
|-
| او ندارد بخوره || ū nadārad bakhōrah || He doesn't eat
| من هیچ کاری نمی‌نکنم. || man hîch kârî nemîkonam. || I am not doing anything. 
|-
| او ندارد خوابه || ū nadārad khābah || He doesn't sleep
|-
| او ندارد بلده || ū nadārad baladah || He's not from here
|-
| او ندارد خوبه || ū nadārad khōbah || He's not good
|}
|}


Now that you know the different ways to express negation in Dari, it's time to practice! Try using the words ''na'', ''nist'', ''nadāram'', and ''nadārad'' in sentences of your own. You can also practice by talking to native speakers on the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=1616 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/dari/question questions]!
In the example above, we can see how the meaning of the sentence changes when using double negation. It is always better to avoid double negation to ensure clarity and accuracy in the message being conveyed.
 
== Practice Sentences ==
 
Let us practice some negative sentences with the help of a dialogue between two friends:
 
* Person 1: Øچرا به عرض سلام من حتی جواب ندادی؟ (Cherâ be ‘arz-e salâm-e man hat'i javâb nadad-i?) (Why didn't you even respond to my greeting?)
* Person 2: من فراموش کردم، ببخشید. (Man farâmosh kardam, bebakhshid.) (I forgot, sorry.)
* Person 1: پس بیا قرار دیگری بگذاریم.  (Pas biâ gharrâr-e digar-i begozârim.) (So, let's plan for another meeting.)
* Person 2: نه، قرار بعدی نخواهم داد. (Na, gharrâr-e badi nakhâham dâd.) (No, I won't plan for another meeting.)
 
== Tips ==
 
To improve your [[Language/Dari|Dari]] [[Language/Dari/Grammar|grammar]], you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=1616 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/dari/question questions]!
 
== Sources ==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_language Persian Language]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dari_language Dari Language]


<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎


{{#seo:
|title=Dari Grammar - Negation
|keywords=Dari language, negation, Dari grammar, Persian language, learn Dari, Persian, Polyglot Club.
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about negation in Dari grammar. Negation is used to negate a sentence or a phrase, making it negative. It’s an essential part of any language, so let's get started!
}}


==Related Lessons==
<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
* [[Language/Dari/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]


{{Dari-Page-Bottom}}
{{Dari-Page-Bottom}}

Revision as of 17:15, 5 March 2023

Dari-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Dari Grammar - Negation

Hi Dari learners! 😊
In this lesson, you will learn about negation in Dari grammar. Negation is used to negate a sentence or a phrase, making it negative. It’s an essential part of any language, so let's get started!

Basics

In Dari, negation is achieved via the particle نه which is added after the verb, preceding the object or the complement. For example:

Dari Pronunciation English
مانده‌ام. نه. mândeam. na I didn’t stay.
من خسته شدم. نه. man khaste shodam. na I’m not tired.

In the examples above, we can see that نه is added after the verb to negate the sentence. Note that the same particle is added for both present and past tenses. For imperative forms of the verbs, however, the negation particle مت is used:

Dari Pronunciation English
نرو! مت! na-rau! mat! Don't go!

Negation with quantifiers

Negation in Dari language is also used with quantifiers such as every, any, some, and no. In this case, the particle نه is added before the quantifier. For example:

Dari Pronunciation English
هیچ دفعه نمی‌آید. hîch def'e namiyâyad. He never comes.
همه چیز را دارد، نه فقط کمی. hame chîz râ dârad, na faqat kamî. He has everything, not just a little.

In the examples above, we can see how the negative particle is used before the quantifier to negate the sentence. Note that the negative particle can also be used with other parts of speech, such as adjectives and adverbs:

Dari Pronunciation English
کودکی نه صبوری دارد. kudaki na saburi dârad. The child is not patient.
زنده نیست. zendeh nist. He is not alive.

Double negation

In Dari grammar, double negation is not allowed. Using two negative particles in the same sentence leads to ambiguity, and it changes the meaning of the sentence. Therefore, one should be careful when using negative sentences in Dari language.

Dari Pronunciation English
من هیچ کاری نمی‌کنم. man hîch kârî nemîkonam. I do nothing.
من هیچ کاری نمی‌نکنم. man hîch kârî nemîkonam. I am not doing anything.

In the example above, we can see how the meaning of the sentence changes when using double negation. It is always better to avoid double negation to ensure clarity and accuracy in the message being conveyed.

Practice Sentences

Let us practice some negative sentences with the help of a dialogue between two friends:

  • Person 1: Øچرا به عرض سلام من حتی جواب ندادی؟ (Cherâ be ‘arz-e salâm-e man hat'i javâb nadad-i?) (Why didn't you even respond to my greeting?)
  • Person 2: من فراموش کردم، ببخشید. (Man farâmosh kardam, bebakhshid.) (I forgot, sorry.)
  • Person 1: پس بیا قرار دیگری بگذاریم. (Pas biâ gharrâr-e digar-i begozârim.) (So, let's plan for another meeting.)
  • Person 2: نه، قرار بعدی نخواهم داد. (Na, gharrâr-e badi nakhâham dâd.) (No, I won't plan for another meeting.)

Tips

To improve your Dari grammar, you can also use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any questions!

Sources


➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎


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