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<div class="pg_page_title">Kirghiz Grammar - Negation</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">Kirghiz Grammar - Negation</div>
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/kirghiz Kirghiz] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will learn about the basics of negation in the Kirghiz language. We will look at how to form negative sentences and how to use them in everyday conversations. __TOC__


Negation is an important part of any language, and it is no different in Kirghiz. In this lesson, we will look at the basics of negation in Kirghiz. We will look at how to form negative sentences and how to use them in everyday conversations.  
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/kirghiz Kirghiz] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will learn about negation in Kirghiz sentences. Negation is a way of expressing the opposite meaning of a sentence. For example, instead of saying "I am going to the store", you can say "I am not going to the store". Negation is a basic concept in any language, and it is important to master it in order to understand and communicate in Kirghiz language.


== Negative Sentences ==
__TOC__
Negative sentences are formed by adding a negative particle to the beginning of the sentence. The most common negative particle in Kirghiz is ''em''. This particle is used to negate verbs, adjectives, and adverbs.


For example:  
== Negating the Verb ==
To negate the verb in Kirghiz, the word «эмес» (emes) is used. This word is equivalent to the English word "not". Here are some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Kirghiz !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
! Kirghiz !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
| Мен сабакка кирип жокпуз || Men sabakka kirip jokpuz || I did not attend the lesson
|-
|-
| em alay || ehm ah-LAY || I don't go
| Сени көргөнүмдүн жакшы көрөт эмесмин || Seni kөrgөnөmdün jashy kөrөt emesmin || I am not feeling well since I last saw you
|-
|-
| em köp || ehm KUHP || I don't know
| Бул арзан эмес || Bul arzan emes || This is not cheap
|-
| em yahshi || ehm YAH-shee || It's not good
|-
| em özgertken || ehm UHZ-ger-ken || He didn't change
|}
|}


It is important to note that the negative particle ''em'' is placed before the verb, not after it.  
In Kirghiz, the word «емес» (emes) comes after the verb it negates. Therefore, it is easy to spot negation in a sentence in Kirghiz.


== Negative Questions ==
== Negating Other Parts of a Sentence ==
Negative questions are formed by adding the negative particle ''em'' to the beginning of the question. For example:  
Negation can also be used to negate other parts of a sentence such as adjectives, nouns, and pronouns. In this case, the particle «жок» (jok) is used. Here are some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Kirghiz !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
! Kirghiz !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
| Булбардак жок || Bulbardak jok || There are no glasses
|-
|-
| em alaysizmi? || ehm ah-LAY-seez-mee || Don't you go?
| Меним атуым Айжан. Айша жок || Menim atuum Aijan. Aisha jok || My name is Aijan. Aisha is not my name
|-
| em köpsüzmi? || ehm KUHP-suz-mee || Don't you know?
|-
| em yahshimi? || ehm YAH-shee-mee || Isn't it good?
|-
| em özgertkensizmi? || ehm UHZ-ger-ken-seez-mee || Didn't he change?
|}
|}


It is important to note that the negative particle ''em'' is placed before the verb, not after it.  
In the first example, the use of «жок» (jok) after the noun «булбардак» (bulbardak) negates its existence. Similarly, in the second example, the use of «жок» (jok) negates the pronoun «Айша» (Aisha) as the speaker's name.


== Negative Imperatives ==
== Double Negation ==
Negative imperatives are formed by adding the negative particle ''em'' to the beginning of the imperative. For example:  
In Kirghiz, it is possible to use double negation to emphasize the negative meaning of a sentence. In this case, the second negation is expressed by the word «жок» (jok). For example:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Kirghiz !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
! Kirghiz !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
| Менин телефонум жок || Menin telefonum jok || I do not have a phone
|-
|-
| em alaymang || ehm ah-LAY-mahng || Don't go!
| Менин телефонум жок, кесиптиктерде дизенсижок || Menin telefonum jok, kesiptikterde dizensis jok || I do not have a phone, and I do not intend to get one.
|-
| em köpmey || ehm KUHP-mey || Don't know!
|-
| em yahshimay || ehm YAH-shee-may || Don't be good!
|-
| em özgertkenmey || ehm UHZ-ger-ken-mey || Don't change!
|}
|}


It is important to note that the negative particle ''em'' is placed before the verb, not after it.
In the second example, the double negation is expressed by using the word «дизенсижок» (dizensis jok) after the word «жок» (jok).
 
== Conclusion ==
In this lesson, we have looked at the basics of negation in the Kirghiz language. We have seen how to form negative sentences, negative questions, and negative imperatives. We have also seen how to use the negative particle ''em'' in these sentences.  


Now that you have learned the basics of negation in Kirghiz, you can start using it in your everyday conversations. Good luck!
== Tips ==
- Kirghiz language has many negation words. Be sure to use them in the right context.
- Practice, practice, practice! The more you use negation in your Kirghiz language, the better you will get at it.
- For advanced learners, try to incorporate double negation in your Kirghiz sentences to emphasize the negative meaning.


<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
== Practice Dialogue ==
* Person 1: Муздатпаталак. (Muzdatpatalak.) - I am not a workaholic.
* Person 2: Анда секелүүм? (Anda sekelyum?) - Don't you work hard?
* Person 1: Жок, да кандай кылып жүрүңүз? (Jok, da kanday kylup jyruunguz?) - No, what makes you think that?


== Sources ==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirghiz_language Kirghiz Language]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirghiz_language#Grammar Grammar]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negation Negation]


==Related Lessons==
{{#seo:
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
|title=Kirghiz Grammar - Negation
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
|keywords=Kirghiz, Kirghiz grammar, Negation, Kirghiz language, Grammar, Learn Kirghiz
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
|description=In this lesson, we will learn about negation in Kirghiz sentences. Negation is a way of expressing the opposite meaning of a sentence.
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
}}
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Personal-pronouns|Personal pronouns]]
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]


{{Kirghiz-Page-Bottom}}
{{Kirghiz-Page-Bottom}}

Revision as of 17:03, 5 March 2023

Kyrgyz-language-lessons-polyglotclub-wiki.jpg
Kirghiz Grammar - Negation

Hi Kirghiz learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn about negation in Kirghiz sentences. Negation is a way of expressing the opposite meaning of a sentence. For example, instead of saying "I am going to the store", you can say "I am not going to the store". Negation is a basic concept in any language, and it is important to master it in order to understand and communicate in Kirghiz language.

Negating the Verb

To negate the verb in Kirghiz, the word «эмес» (emes) is used. This word is equivalent to the English word "not". Here are some examples:

Kirghiz Pronunciation English
Мен сабакка кирип жокпуз Men sabakka kirip jokpuz I did not attend the lesson
Сени көргөнүмдүн жакшы көрөт эмесмин Seni kөrgөnөmdün jashy kөrөt emesmin I am not feeling well since I last saw you
Бул арзан эмес Bul arzan emes This is not cheap

In Kirghiz, the word «емес» (emes) comes after the verb it negates. Therefore, it is easy to spot negation in a sentence in Kirghiz.

Negating Other Parts of a Sentence

Negation can also be used to negate other parts of a sentence such as adjectives, nouns, and pronouns. In this case, the particle «жок» (jok) is used. Here are some examples:

Kirghiz Pronunciation English
Булбардак жок Bulbardak jok There are no glasses
Меним атуым Айжан. Айша жок Menim atuum Aijan. Aisha jok My name is Aijan. Aisha is not my name

In the first example, the use of «жок» (jok) after the noun «булбардак» (bulbardak) negates its existence. Similarly, in the second example, the use of «жок» (jok) negates the pronoun «Айша» (Aisha) as the speaker's name.

Double Negation

In Kirghiz, it is possible to use double negation to emphasize the negative meaning of a sentence. In this case, the second negation is expressed by the word «жок» (jok). For example:

Kirghiz Pronunciation English
Менин телефонум жок Menin telefonum jok I do not have a phone
Менин телефонум жок, кесиптиктерде дизенсижок Menin telefonum jok, kesiptikterde dizensis jok I do not have a phone, and I do not intend to get one.

In the second example, the double negation is expressed by using the word «дизенсижок» (dizensis jok) after the word «жок» (jok).

Tips

- Kirghiz language has many negation words. Be sure to use them in the right context. - Practice, practice, practice! The more you use negation in your Kirghiz language, the better you will get at it. - For advanced learners, try to incorporate double negation in your Kirghiz sentences to emphasize the negative meaning.

Practice Dialogue

  • Person 1: Муздатпаталак. (Muzdatpatalak.) - I am not a workaholic.
  • Person 2: Анда секелүүм? (Anda sekelyum?) - Don't you work hard?
  • Person 1: Жок, да кандай кылып жүрүңүз? (Jok, da kanday kylup jyruunguz?) - No, what makes you think that?

Sources


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