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<div class="pg_page_title">Tosk Albanian Grammar - Negation</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">Tosk Albanian Grammar - Negation</div>
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/tosk-albanian Tosk Albanian] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will learn about the basics of negation in Tosk Albanian. We will look at how to form negative sentences and how to use them in everyday conversations. __TOC__


Negation is an important part of any language, and it is no different in Tosk Albanan. In this lesson, we will look at the basics of negation in Tosk Albanian. We will look at how to form negative sentences and how to use them in everyday conversations.  
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/tosk-albanian Tosk Albanian] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will focus on negation in Tosk Albanian grammar. Negation expresses the opposite of what positive sentences express. It is a crucial element in any language. Once you have mastered negation, you will be able to communicate more effectively in Tosk Albanian. Let's get started!<br>


==Forming Negative Sentences==
__TOC__
Negative sentences in Tosk Albanian are formed by adding the particle ''s'm'' before the verb. This particle is used to negate the action or state expressed by the verb. For example:  
 
== Negation Particles ==
Negation in Tosk Albanian is expressed using particles. The negative particle "nuk" is used before the verb to express negation. Here are some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Tosk Albanian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
! Tosk Albanian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
| Unë nuk flas anglisht. || [unə nuk flas aŋlisht] || I don't speak English.
|-
|-
| Unë s'moj !! Uhn-eh smoy !! I don't know
| Ai nuk dëgjon muzikë. || [aj nuk dəɟjon muzikə] || He doesn't listen to music.
|-
|-
| Ajo s'merr !! Ah-yoh smeh-rr !! She doesn't take
| Ajo nuk është shumë e zgjuar. || [ajɔ nuk əʃtə ʃumə ɛ zɟuar] || She isn't very smart.
|-
| Ne s'fletim !! Nee smleh-teem !! We don't speak
|-
| Ju s'jeni !! Yoo smyeh-nee !! You (plural) aren't
|-
| Ata s'dalin !! Ah-tah smdah-leen !! They don't go out
|}
|}


It is important to note that the particle ''s'm'' is not used with the verb ''to be''. To form a negative sentence with the verb ''to be'', the particle ''nuk'' is used instead. For example:  
You can also use the particle "jo" to express negation or refusal in response to a yes or no question. Here are some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Tosk Albanian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
! Tosk Albanian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
| A je në shtëpi? || [a jɛ nə ʃtəpi] || Are you at home?
| Jo, nuk jam në shtëpi. || [jɔ nuk jam nə ʃtəpi] || No, I am not at home.
|-
|-
| Unë nuk jam !! Uhn-eh nook yahm !! I am not
| A doni një gotë ujë? || [a dɔni ɲə ɡɔtə ujə] || Do you want a glass of water?
|-
| Jo, faleminderit. || [jɔ falemindɛrit] || No, thank you.
| Ajo nuk është !! Ah-yoh nook eh-shteh !! She isn't
|-
| Ne nuk jemi !! Nee nook yeh-mee !! We are not
|-
| Ju nuk jeni !! Yoo nook yeh-nee !! You (plural) aren't
|-
| Ata nuk janë !! Ah-tah nook yah-neh !! They aren't
|}
|}


==Using Negative Sentences in Everyday Conversations==
== Negative Interrogative Sentences ==
Negative sentences are used in everyday conversations to express a lack of knowledge, ability, or permission. For example:  
You can form negative interrogative sentences by placing the particle "nuk" at the beginning of the sentence, and adding the question word after the verb. Here is an example:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Tosk Albanian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
! Tosk Albanian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
| Nuk flisni anglisht? || [nuk flisni aŋlisht] || Don't you speak English?
|-
| Unë s'moj !! Uhn-eh smoy !! I don't know
|-
| Ajo s'mund të bëjë !! Ah-yoh smoond teh beh-yeh !! She can't do it
|-
| Ne s'kemi leje !! Nee skeh-mee leh-yeh !! We don't have permission
|-
| Ju s'keni kohë !! Yoo skeh-nee koh-heh !! You (plural) don't have time
|-
| Ata s'kanë mundësi !! Ah-tah skah-neh moo-ndeh-see !! They don't have the possibility
|}
|}


Negative sentences can also be used to express a lack of desire or interest. For example:  
== Double Negatives ==
Double negatives are used in Tosk Albanian, but they are not as common as in other languages. If a verb is negated, then the auxiliary verb "do" used to express the future tense must also be negated with the particle "nuk". Here is an example:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Tosk Albanian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
! Tosk Albanian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
| Nuk do të shkojë njeri. || [nuk dɔ tə ʃkɔjə ɲɛri] || Nobody will go.
|-
| Unë s'dua !! Uhn-eh sdoo-ah !! I don't want
|-
| Ajo s'ka interes !! Ah-yoh skah een-teh-rehs !! She has no interest
|-
| Ne s'kemi dëshirë !! Nee skeh-mee deh-shee-reh !! We don't have a desire
|-
| Ju s'keni nevojë !! Yoo skeh-nee neh-voy-yeh !! You (plural) don't have a need
|-
| Ata s'kanë dëshirë !! Ah-tah skah-neh deh-shee-reh !! They don't have a desire
|}
|}


Negative sentences can also be used to express a lack of understanding or agreement. For example:
== Practice ==
 
Now it's time to practice! Here's a dialogue between two people that you can use to practice negation.


{| class="wikitable"
* Person 1: Përshëndetje, si jeni? (Hello, how are you?)
|-
* Person 2: Nuk jam shumë mirë. (I'm not very good.)
! Tosk Albanian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
* Person 1: Nuk keni gjumë? (Don't you sleep?)
|-
* Person 2: Jo, nuk kam gjumë. (No, I don't sleep.)
| Unë s'kuptoj !! Uhn-eh skoop-toy !! I don't understand
* Person 1: A flisni anglisht? (Do you speak English?)
|-
* Person 2: Jo, nuk flas anglisht. (No, I don't speak English.)
| Ajo s'pajtohet !! Ah-yoh spahy-toh-heht !! She doesn't agree
 
|-
Remember, practice makes perfect!
| Ne s'pajtohemi !! Nee spahy-toh-heh-mee !! We don't agree
|-
| Ju s'pajtoheni !! Yoo spahy-toh-heh-nee !! You (plural) don't agree
|-
| Ata s'pajtohen !! Ah-tah spahy-toh-hehn !! They don't agree
|}


Negative sentences can also be used to express a lack of belief or certainty. For example:
== Culture and Interesting Facts ==


{| class="wikitable"
Did you know that Tosk Albanian is spoken mainly in southern Albania and in the Greek region of Epirus? It is a sub-dialect of the Albanian language, which is a branch of the Indo-European language family. Tosk Albanian has been written using the Latin alphabet since 1909, and was previously written using the Greek and Cyrillic alphabets. Albanian is the official language of Albania and Kosovo, and is spoken by over 5 million people worldwide.
|-
! Tosk Albanian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| Unë s'besoj !! Uhn-eh sbeh-soy !! I don't believe
|-
| Ajo s'është e sigurt !! Ah-yoh seh-shteh eh see-goorht !! She isn't sure
|-
| Ne s'jemi të sigurt !! Nee syeh-mee teh see-goorht !! We aren't sure
|-
| Ju s'jeni të sigurt !! Yoo syeh-nee teh see-goorht !! You (plural) aren't sure
|-
| Ata s'janë të sigurt !! Ah-tah yah-neh teh see-goorht !! They aren't sure
|}


==Conclusion==
If you want to learn more about Tosk Albanian, you can use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=4 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/tosk-albanian/question questions]!
In this lesson, we have looked at the basics of negation in Tosk Albanian. We have seen how to form negative sentences and how to use them in everyday conversations. We have also seen some examples of how negative sentences can be used to express a lack of knowledge, ability, permission, desire, interest, understanding, agreement, belief, and certainty.  


➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
== Sources ==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albanian_language Albanian Language]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosk Albanian Tosk]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammar#Negation Negation in Grammar]


Enjoy learning Tosk Albanian and remember to have fun while doing it! 😎


==Related Lessons==
<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎-
* [[Language/Tosk-albanian/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/Tosk-albanian/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
* [[Language/Tosk-albanian/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Tosk-albanian/Grammar/Personal-pronouns|Personal pronouns]]
* [[Language/Tosk-albanian/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Tosk-albanian/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
* [[Language/Tosk-albanian/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Tosk-albanian/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]


{{Tosk-albanian-Page-Bottom}}
{{Tosk-albanian-Page-Bottom}}

Revision as of 16:36, 5 March 2023

Albanian-Dialects-Map-PolyglotClub.jpg
Tosk Albanian Grammar - Negation

Hi Tosk Albanian learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will focus on negation in Tosk Albanian grammar. Negation expresses the opposite of what positive sentences express. It is a crucial element in any language. Once you have mastered negation, you will be able to communicate more effectively in Tosk Albanian. Let's get started!

Negation Particles

Negation in Tosk Albanian is expressed using particles. The negative particle "nuk" is used before the verb to express negation. Here are some examples:

Tosk Albanian Pronunciation English
Unë nuk flas anglisht. [unə nuk flas aŋlisht] I don't speak English.
Ai nuk dëgjon muzikë. [aj nuk dəɟjon muzikə] He doesn't listen to music.
Ajo nuk është shumë e zgjuar. [ajɔ nuk əʃtə ʃumə ɛ zɟuar] She isn't very smart.

You can also use the particle "jo" to express negation or refusal in response to a yes or no question. Here are some examples:

Tosk Albanian Pronunciation English
A je në shtëpi? [a jɛ nə ʃtəpi] Are you at home? Jo, nuk jam në shtëpi. [jɔ nuk jam nə ʃtəpi] No, I am not at home.
A doni një gotë ujë? [a dɔni ɲə ɡɔtə ujə] Do you want a glass of water? Jo, faleminderit. [jɔ falemindɛrit] No, thank you.

Negative Interrogative Sentences

You can form negative interrogative sentences by placing the particle "nuk" at the beginning of the sentence, and adding the question word after the verb. Here is an example:

Tosk Albanian Pronunciation English
Nuk flisni anglisht? [nuk flisni aŋlisht] Don't you speak English?

Double Negatives

Double negatives are used in Tosk Albanian, but they are not as common as in other languages. If a verb is negated, then the auxiliary verb "do" used to express the future tense must also be negated with the particle "nuk". Here is an example:

Tosk Albanian Pronunciation English
Nuk do të shkojë njeri. [nuk dɔ tə ʃkɔjə ɲɛri] Nobody will go.

Practice

Now it's time to practice! Here's a dialogue between two people that you can use to practice negation.

  • Person 1: Përshëndetje, si jeni? (Hello, how are you?)
  • Person 2: Nuk jam shumë mirë. (I'm not very good.)
  • Person 1: Nuk keni gjumë? (Don't you sleep?)
  • Person 2: Jo, nuk kam gjumë. (No, I don't sleep.)
  • Person 1: A flisni anglisht? (Do you speak English?)
  • Person 2: Jo, nuk flas anglisht. (No, I don't speak English.)

Remember, practice makes perfect!

Culture and Interesting Facts

Did you know that Tosk Albanian is spoken mainly in southern Albania and in the Greek region of Epirus? It is a sub-dialect of the Albanian language, which is a branch of the Indo-European language family. Tosk Albanian has been written using the Latin alphabet since 1909, and was previously written using the Greek and Cyrillic alphabets. Albanian is the official language of Albania and Kosovo, and is spoken by over 5 million people worldwide.

If you want to learn more about Tosk Albanian, you can use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any questions!

Sources

Enjoy learning Tosk Albanian and remember to have fun while doing it! 😎

➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎-


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