Language/Sinhala/Grammar/Questions

Sinhala Grammar - Questions

Hi Sinhala learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn about questions in Sinhala grammar. Asking questions is an essential part of any language, and it's no different in Sinhala. We'll cover the basics and dive into some interesting cultural elements along the way. Let's get started!

The Basics

In Sinhala, there are two types of questions: the first type of question is formed by simply raising the tone of voice at the end of a statement. For example, "මම නවත්තන්නෙ කොහේ" (mama navattanne kohē), meaning "I am going back, aren't I?" The speaker merely raises their voice at the end of the sentence, and it becomes a question.

The second type of question is when the sentence starts with a question word, such as "කොහොමද" (kohomada), meaning "how?" or "කොහොමදකම" (kohomadakama), meaning "why?"

Let's take a look at some more basic question words:

Sinhala	Pronunciation	English Equivalent
කොහොමද	kohomada	How?
කොහොමදකම	kohomadakama	Why?
මොකද	mokada	What?
කොහොමදකරන	kohomadakarana	How?

Let's use these words in a dialogue.

• Person 1: කොහොමද? (kohomada?) - "How?"
• Person 2: කිසිම හෙයින්? (kisiṃ heyin?) - "Like what?"
• Person 1: ගොඩක් නෑ, මොකද මම වෙනස් කරගන්නෙ? (godak na, mokada mama venas karanna?) - "No idea, what should I try differently?"
• Person 2: කොහොමදකම ඔයාගේ අදහස්? (kohomadakama oyaage adahas?) - "Why are you asking?"

More advanced concepts

Sinhala language has many intricate grammatical rules, so it's no surprise that asking questions can have multiple nuances. For example, there are different ways to ask questions based on context, such as "අරිමයි ඔයා නැහැ" (arimai oya nāhā) meaning "Aren't you the one who forgot?" The word "අරිමයි" (arimai) is added at the beginning of the sentence to alter the context and the tone of the question. This can also be used when the speaker is not sure about the answer to the question.

Other advanced question concepts include the use of different verb forms, tenses, and particles. It's important to understand that different questions have their own unique structures and nuances, and each should be learned individually.

Here's an example of a question with a particle:

Person 1: මේ කුමක්ද? (mē kumakda?) - "What is this?" Person 2: මුන්දොරයි, මේ ඔබගේ යමෙන්ම තමයින්ට ඇතිවෙනවා (mundōrai, mē obage yamanem themayinuth ăthivēnavā) - "It's a gift and I brought it for you from our home."

In this example, we can see the use of the word මුන්දොරයි (mundōrai) which means "gift." It's a unique and culturally significant word, implying a deeper meaning and sentiment behind the act of giving.

Cultural Context

As in any language, understanding cultural context is essential to understanding the intricacies of asking questions in Sinhala. In Sri Lankan culture, it is customary to ask for permission before asking questions, especially if the question is personal or involves another person. For example, asking "අපි කොහොමද කරන්නම්" (api kohomada karannam) meaning "what should we do?" is considered less confrontational and more polite than directly asking a question.

Additionally, body language and tone of voice are important when asking questions in Sinhala. For example, raising one's eyebrow while asking a question with a smile can convey a different tone and meaning than asking with a straight face.

Summary

In summary, asking questions in Sinhala can be straightforward or complex, depending on context and cultural factors. As we've seen, there are different structures and nuances to understand when forming and asking questions. Remember that practice and exposure are essential to mastering this skill in any language. Don't hesitate to find native speakers and ask them any questions you have!

To improve your Sinhala Grammar, you can also use the Polyglot Club website.

Sources

• Sinhala Language - Wikipedia
• Sinhalese Culture - Wikipedia
• Questions in Linguistics - Wikipedia