Language/Halh-mongolian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have

Halh Mongolian Grammar - How to Use "Have"

Hi Halh Mongolian learners! 😊

In this lesson, we will learn how to use the verb "have" in Halh Mongolian. Understanding how to use "have" is fundamental to being able to form sentences in the past tense.

Let's get started!

Introduction

In Halh Mongolian, "have" is translated as "байх" (baikh). It is usually used to describe possession, but it can also be used in other contexts, such as forming the past tense.

To improve your Halh Mongolian Grammar, you can also use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any questions!

Using "Have" to Indicate Possession

"Have" is most commonly used to indicate possession in Halh Mongolian. We use the following formula:

[subject] + "байх" + [object]

For example:

Halh Mongolian	Pronunciation	English
Намайг хүн байна.	Namaig khun baina.	I have a dog.
Би тоглоом тавьж байгаа.	Bi togloom tavij baigaa.	I have picked up the game.

Notice how the verb "байх" (baikh) is added after the subject and before the object to form the sentence.

In the above examples, "Намайг" (Namaig) means "I", "хүн" (khun) means "dog" and "тоглоом" (togloom) means "game".

Here's another example:

Halh Mongolian	Pronunciation	English
Танд шинэ книгтэй.	Tand shine knigtai.	You have a new book.

In this example, "Танд" (Tand) means "You", "шинэ" (shine) means "new" and "книг" (knig) means "book".

Try forming some sentences of your own using this formula!

Using "Have" to Indicate Actions in the Past

We can also use "байх" (baikh) to indicate actions in the past. When we use "байх" (baikh) in this context, it is translated as "to have done".

We use the following formula:

[subject] + "байсан" + [verb in past participle]

For example:

Halh Mongolian	Pronunciation	English
Би гоё гэртээ орж байсан.	Bi goyo gertei orj baisan.	I have entered a good house.
Яг одоогоор ийм зүйл өгсөн ч байгаа юмаа.	Yag odoogoor iym zuyil ogsn ch baigaa yuma.	I have never done such a thing before.

In the above examples, "гэр" (ger) means "house", and "орох" (oroh) means "to enter".

Here's another example:

Halh Mongolian	Pronunciation	English
Энэ удаа та тоглоомыг амжилттай хөнөөлж байсан.	Ene ud a ta togloomiig amjilttai khonoolj baisan.	This time, you have successfully finished playing the game.

In this example, "амжилт" (amjilt) means "success" and "хөнөөлж байх" (khonoolj baikh) means "to finish playing".

Try forming some sentences of your own using this formula!

Using "Have" in Questions

To form questions using "байх" (baikh), we simply move the verb to the beginning of the sentence. The sentence structure is as follows:

"байх" + [subject] + [object]

For example:

Halh Mongolian	Pronunciation	English
Бид ямар зүйл хийж байна вэ ?	Bid yamar zuyil khij baigaa ve?	What have we been doing?
Та юу хийж байсан вэ?	Ta yuu khij baisan ve?	What have you done?

In the above examples, "хийх" (khikh) means "to do" and "хийж байх" (khij baikh) means "to have been doing".

Conclusion

That's it for this Halh Mongolian grammar lesson on how to use "have"! Now that you know how to use this verb, you should be able to form more complex sentences in the past tense.

Remember to practice forming sentences using "байх" (baikh) in different contexts as often as possible. You can even try creating your own dialogue using this verb.

If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below. Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎