Language/Dari/Grammar/Gender

Dari Grammar - Gender

Hi Dari learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn about the gender rules in Dari. We will look at how to identify the gender of nouns and how to use them correctly in sentences.

Gender in Dari

In Dari, nouns are either masculine or feminine. This means that when you use a noun in a sentence, you must also use the correct gender form of the verb or adjective. For example, if you are talking about a woman, you must use the feminine form of the verb or adjective.

Identifying Gender

The gender of a noun can usually be identified by its ending. Masculine nouns usually end in -a or -e, while feminine nouns usually end in -i. However, there are some exceptions to this rule.

For example, the word for "teacher" is mōstor (معستر). This is a masculine noun, even though it ends in -i. Similarly, the word for "book" is kētāb (کتاب). This is a feminine noun, even though it ends in -a.

It is important to note that some nouns can be either masculine or feminine, depending on the context. For example, the word for "friend" is dost (دوست). This can be either masculine or feminine, depending on whether you are referring to a male or female friend.

Using Gender in Sentences

Once you have identified the gender of a noun, you must use the correct gender form of the verb or adjective. For example, if you are talking about a woman, you must use the feminine form of the verb or adjective.

For example, the verb for "to be" is ast (است). The masculine form is ast and the feminine form is asti. So if you are talking about a man, you would say Ost (He is), and if you are talking about a woman, you would say Asti (She is).

Similarly, the adjective for "beautiful" is zībā (زیبا). The masculine form is zībā and the feminine form is zībāi. So if you are talking about a man, you would say Zībā (He is beautiful), and if you are talking about a woman, you would say Zībāi (She is beautiful).

Examples

Here are some examples of nouns and their genders:

Dari	Pronunciation	English Translation	Gender
mōstor	mōstor	teacher	Masculine
kētāb	kētāb	book	Feminine
dost	dost	friend	Masculine/Feminine
bāz	bāz	bird	Masculine
pesar	pesar	son	Masculine

Practice

To improve your Dari Grammar, you can also use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any questions!

Quiz

Test your knowledge of Dari gender with this quiz:

1. What is the gender of the word mōstor (معستر)?
2. What is the gender of the word kētāb (کتاب)?
3. What is the gender of the word dost (دوست)?
4. What is the verb for "to be" in Dari?
5. What is the adjective for "beautiful" in Dari?

Answers

1. The gender of the word mōstor (معستر) is masculine.
2. The gender of the word kētāb (کتاب) is feminine.
3. The gender of the word dost (دوست) is masculine or feminine, depending on the context.
4. The verb for "to be" in Dari is ast (است).
5. The adjective for "beautiful" in Dari is zībā (زیبا).

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Related Lessons

• Plurals
• Conditional Mood
• Negation
• Adjectives
• Nouns
• Pronouns
• Questions