Difference between revisions of "Language/Multiple-languages/Grammar/Various-word-orders-in-various-languages"
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|- | |- | ||
|Persian | |Persian | ||
|.<span style="color:red">من</span> | |.<span style="color:red">من</span> <span style="color:blue">یک ساختمان</span> را <span style="color:green">می بینم</span> | ||
|.<span style="color:red">من</span> | |.<span style="color:red">من</span> <span style="color:blue">یک قلم</span> <span style="color:">به</span> <span style="color:violet">او</span> <span style="color:green">دادم</span> | ||
|.<span style="color:red">او</span> <span style="color:green">خواهد رفت</span> | |.<span style="color:red">او</span> <span style="color:green">خواهد رفت</span> | ||
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|Chinese | |Chinese | ||
|<span style="color:red">我</span><span style="color:green">看到</span> | |<span style="color:red">我</span><span style="color:green">看到</span><span style="color:blue">一座建筑物</span>。<span style="color:red">/我</span><span style="color:green">看到</span><span style="color:blue">一座建築物</span>。 | ||
|<span style="color:red">我</span><span style="color:green">给</span><span style="color:violet">他</span> | |<span style="color:red">我</span><span style="color:green">给</span><span style="color:violet">他</span><span style="color:blue">一支钢笔</span>。<span style="color:red">/我</span><span style="color:green">給</span><span style="color:violet">他</span><span style="color:blue">一支鋼筆</span>。 | ||
|<span style="color:red">她</span><span style="color:green">会去</span>。<span style="color:red">/她</span><span style="color:green">會去</span>。 | |<span style="color:red">她</span><span style="color:green">会去</span>。<span style="color:red">/她</span><span style="color:green">會去</span>。 | ||
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|English | |English | ||
|<span style="color:red">I</span> <span style="color:green">see</span> | |<span style="color:red">I</span> <span style="color:green">see</span> <span style="color:blue">a building</span>. | ||
|<span style="color:red">I</span> <span style="color:green">gave</span> <span style="color:violet">him</span> | |<span style="color:red">I</span> <span style="color:green">gave</span> <span style="color:violet">him</span> <span style="color:blue">a pen</span>. | ||
|<span style="color:red">She</span> <span style="color:green">will go</span>. | |<span style="color:red">She</span> <span style="color:green">will go</span>. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Esperanto | |Esperanto | ||
|<span style="color:red">Mi</span> <span style="color:green">vidas</span> <span style="color:blue">konstuaĵon</span>. | |<span style="color:red">Mi</span> <span style="color:green">vidas</span> <span style="color:blue">konstuaĵon</span>. | ||
|<span style="color:red">Mi</span> <span style="color:green">donis</span> | |<span style="color:red">Mi</span> <span style="color:green">donis</span> <span style="color:violet">al li</span> <span style="color:blue">plumon</span>. | ||
|<span style="color:red">Ŝi</span> <span style="color:green">iros</span>. | |<span style="color:red">Ŝi</span> <span style="color:green">iros</span>. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|French | |French | ||
|<span style="color:red">Je</span> <span style="color:green">vois</span> | |<span style="color:red">Je</span> <span style="color:green">vois</span> <span style="color:blue">un bâtiment</span>. | ||
|<span style="color:red">Je</span> <span style="color:violet">lui</span> <span style="color:green">ai donné</span> | |<span style="color:red">Je</span> <span style="color:violet">lui</span> <span style="color:green">ai donné</span> <span style="color:blue">un stylo</span>. | ||
|<span style="color:red">Elle</span> <span style="color:green">ira</span>. | |<span style="color:red">Elle</span> <span style="color:green">ira</span>. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|German | |German | ||
|<span style="color:red">Ich</span> <span style="color:green">sehe</span> | |<span style="color:red">Ich</span> <span style="color:green">sehe</span> <span style="color:blue">ein Gebäude</span>. | ||
|<span style="color:red">Ich</span> <span style="color:green">gab</span> <span style="color:violet">ihm</span> | |<span style="color:red">Ich</span> <span style="color:green">gab</span> <span style="color:violet">ihm</span> <span style="color:blue">einen Stift</span>. | ||
|<span style="color:red">Sie</span> <span style="color:green">wird gehen</span>. | |<span style="color:red">Sie</span> <span style="color:green">wird gehen</span>. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Greek | |Greek | ||
|<span style="color:green">Βλέπω</span> | |<span style="color:green">Βλέπω</span> <span style="color:blue">ένα κτίριο</span>. | ||
|Του <span style="color:green">έδωσα</span> | |Του <span style="color:green">έδωσα</span> <span style="color:blue">ένα στυλό</span>. | ||
|<span style="color:green">Θα πάει</span>. | |<span style="color:green">Θα πάει</span>. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Itanlian | |Itanlian | ||
|<span style="color:green">Vedo</span> | |<span style="color:green">Vedo</span> <span style="color:blue">un edificio</span>. | ||
|<span style="color:violet">Gli</span> <span style="color:green">ho dato</span> | |<span style="color:violet">Gli</span> <span style="color:green">ho dato</span> <span style="color:blue">una penna</span>. | ||
|<span style="color:red">Lei</span> <span style="color:green">andrà</span>. | |<span style="color:red">Lei</span> <span style="color:green">andrà</span>. | ||
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|Portugese | |Portugese | ||
|<span style="color:red">Eu</span> <span style="color:green">vejo</span> | |<span style="color:red">Eu</span> <span style="color:green">vejo</span> <span style="color:blue">um prédio</span>. | ||
|<span style="color:red">Eu</span> <span style="color:green">dei</span>-<span style="color:violet">lhe</span> | |<span style="color:red">Eu</span> <span style="color:green">dei</span>-<span style="color:violet">lhe</span> <span style="color:blue">uma caneta</span>. | ||
|<span style="color:red">Ela</span> <span style="color:green">vai</span>. | |<span style="color:red">Ela</span> <span style="color:green">vai</span>. | ||
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|Spanish | |Spanish | ||
|<span style="color:green">Veo</span> | |<span style="color:green">Veo</span> <span style="color:blue">un edificio</span>. | ||
|<span style="color:violet">Le</span> <span style="color:green">di</span> | |<span style="color:violet">Le</span> <span style="color:green">di</span> <span style="color:blue">una pluma</span>. | ||
|<span style="color:red">Ella</span> <span style="color:green">irá</span>. | |<span style="color:red">Ella</span> <span style="color:green">irá</span>. | ||
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|Vietnamese | |Vietnamese | ||
|<span style="color:red">Tôi</span> <span style="color:green">thấy</span> <span style="color:blue">một tòa nhà</span>. | |<span style="color:red">Tôi</span> <span style="color:green">thấy</span> <span style="color:blue">một tòa nhà</span>. | ||
|<span style="color:red">Tôi</span> <span style="color:green">đưa cho</span> <span style="color:violet">anh</span> | |<span style="color:red">Tôi</span> <span style="color:green">đưa cho</span> <span style="color:violet">anh</span> <span style="color:blue">một cây bút</span>. | ||
|<span style="color:red">Cô ấy</span> <span style="color:green">sẽ đi</span>. | |<span style="color:red">Cô ấy</span> <span style="color:green">sẽ đi</span>. | ||
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|.<span style="color:green">أرى</span> <span style="color:blue">مبنى</span> | |.<span style="color:green">أرى</span> <span style="color:blue">مبنى</span> | ||
|.<span style="color:green">أعطيته</span> <span style="color:blue">قلم</span> | |.<span style="color:green">أعطيته</span> <span style="color:blue">قلم</span> | ||
|.<span style="color:">وقالت</span | |.<span style="color:">وقالت</span> انها <span style="color:green">سوف تذهب</span> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Irish | |Irish | ||
Revision as of 18:59, 11 August 2017
This lesson is about word orders, which can be mainly divided into six types, with small differences inside each type. Here are some examples.
S means subject, O means object, V means verb.
SOV and SVO are the most popular, accounting for about 4/10 each.
There can be more than one order in a language, the listed are just the most common cases.
Note that some languages omit first person singular, some indicate the person with conjugation of verbs.
Example sentence 1 has a subject, a verb and a direct object.
Example sentence 2 has a subject, a verb, a direct object and an indirect object.
Example sentence 3 has a subject and a verb.
| SOV Language | Example sentence 1 | Example sentence 2 | Example sentence 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Japanese | 私は建物を見る。 | 私は彼にペンを与えた。 | 彼女が行きます。 |
| Korean | 나는 건물을 본다. | 나는 그에게 펜을 줬다. | 그녀가 갈거야 . |
| Persian | .من یک ساختمان را می بینم | .من یک قلم به او دادم | .او خواهد رفت |
| Turkish | Bir bina görüyorum. | Ona bir kalem verdim. | O gidecek. |
| SVO Language | Example sentence 1 | Example sentence 2 | Example sentence 3 |
| Chinese | 我看到一座建筑物。/我看到一座建築物。 | 我给他一支钢笔。/我給他一支鋼筆。 | 她会去。/她會去。 |
| Dutch | Ik zie een gebouw. | Ik gaf hem een pen. | Ze zal gaan. |
| English | I see a building. | I gave him a pen. | She will go. |
| Esperanto | Mi vidas konstuaĵon. | Mi donis al li plumon. | Ŝi iros. |
| French | Je vois un bâtiment. | Je lui ai donné un stylo. | Elle ira. |
| German | Ich sehe ein Gebäude. | Ich gab ihm einen Stift. | Sie wird gehen. |
| Greek | Βλέπω ένα κτίριο. | Του έδωσα ένα στυλό. | Θα πάει. |
| Itanlian | Vedo un edificio. | Gli ho dato una penna. | Lei andrà. |
| Polish | Widzę budynek. | Dałem mu długopis. | Ona pójdzie. |
| Portugese | Eu vejo um prédio. | Eu dei-lhe uma caneta. | Ela vai. |
| Russian | Я вижу здание. | Я дал ему ручку. | Она пойдет. |
| Spanish | Veo un edificio. | Le di una pluma. | Ella irá. |
| Ukranian | Я бачу будівлю. | Я дав йому ручку. | Вона піде. |
| Vietnamese | Tôi thấy một tòa nhà. | Tôi đưa cho anh một cây bút. | Cô ấy sẽ đi. |
| VSO Language | Example sentence 1 | Example sentence 2 | Example sentence 3 |
| Arabic | .أرى مبنى | .أعطيته قلم | .وقالت انها سوف تذهب |
| Irish | Feicim foirgneamh. | Thug mé peann air. | Beidh sí ag dul. |
| Welsh | Gwelaf adeilad. | Rhoddais pen iddo. | Bydd hi'n mynd. |
| VOS Language | Example sentence 1 | Example sentence 2 | Example sentence 3 |
| OSV Language | Example sentence 1 | Example sentence 2 | Example sentence 3 |
| OVS Language | Example sentence 1 | Example sentence 2 | Example sentence 3 |