Difference between revisions of "Language/Multiple-languages/Grammar/Various-word-orders-in-various-languages"

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'''There can be more than one order in a language, the listed are just the most common cases.'''
'''There can be more than one order in a language, the listed are just the most common cases.'''
Example sentence 1 has a subject, a verb and an object.
Example sentence 2 has a subject, a verb, a direct object and an indirect object.
Example sentence 3 has a subject and a verb.
Note that some languages omit first person singular, some languages omits
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
!SOV Language
!SOV Language
!Example sentence 1
!Example sentence 1
!Example sentence 2
!Example sentence 3
|-
|-
|Japanese
|Japanese
|<span style="color:red">私は</span><span style="color:green">2つの</span><span style="color:blue">大きな</span><span style="color:indigo">白い</span><span style="color:violet">建物</span>を<span style="color:orange">見た</span>。
|私は建物を見る。
|私は彼にペンを与えた。
|彼女が行きます。
|-
|-
|Korean
|Korean
|<span style="color:red">나는</span> <span style="color:green">2 개의</span> <span style="color:blue">큰</span> <span style="color:indigo">하얀</span> <span style="color:violet">건물을</span> <span style="color:orange">보았다</span>.
|나는 건물을 본다.
|나는 그에게 펜을 줬다.
|그녀가 갈거야.
|-
|-
|Persian
|Persian
|.<span style="color:red">من</span> <span style="color:green">دو</span> <span style="color:violet">ساختمان</span> <span style="color:blue">بزرگ</span> <span style="color:indigo">سفید</span> <span style="color:orange">دیدم</span>
|من یک ساختمان را می بینم.
|من یک قلم به او دادم.
|او خواهد رفت.
|-
|-
|Turkish
|Turkish
|<span style="color:green">Iki</span> <span style="color:blue">büyük</span> <span style="color:indigo">beyaz</span> <span style="color:violet">bina</span> <span style="color:orange">gördüm</span>.
|Bir bina görüyorum.
|Ona bir kalem verdim.
|O gidecek.
|-
|-
!SVO Language
!SVO Language
!Example sentence 1
!Example sentence 1
!Example sentence 2
!Example sentence 3
|-
|-
|Chinese
|Chinese
|<span style="color:red">我</span><span style="color:orange">看到了</span><span style="color:green">两座</span><span style="color:indigo">白色</span><span style="color:blue">大</span><span style="color:violet">楼</span>。/<span style="color:red">我</span><span style="color:orange">看到了</span><span style="color:green">兩座</span><span style="color:indigo">白色</span><span style="color:blue">大</span><span style="color:violet">樓</span>。
|我看到一座建筑物。/我看到一座建築物。
|我给他一支钢笔。/我給他一支鋼筆。
|她会去。/她會去。
|-
|-
|English
|English
|<span style="color:red">I</span> <span style="color:orange">saw</span> <span style="color:green">two</span> <span style="color:blue">big</span> <span style="color:indigo">white</span> <span style="color:violet">buildings</span>.
|I see a building.
|I gave him a pen.
|She will go.
|-
|-
|Esperanto
|Esperanto
|<span style="color:red">Mi</span> <span style="color:orange">vidis</span> <span style="color:green">du</span> <span style="color:blue">grandajn</span> <span style="color:indigo">blankajn</span> <span style="color:violet">konstruaĵojn</span>.
|Mi vidas konstuaĵon.
|Mi donis al li plumon.
|Ŝi iros.
|-
|-
|French
|French
|<span style="color:red">J'ai</span> <span style="color:orange">vu</span> <span style="color:green">deux</span> <span style="color:blue">grands</span> <span style="color:violet">bâtiments</span> <span style="color:indigo">blancs</span>.
|Je vois un bâtiment.
|Je lui ai donné un stylo.
|Elle ira.
|-
|-
|German
|German
|<span style="color:red">Ich</span> <span style="color:orange">sah</span> <span style="color:green">zwei</span> <span style="color:blue">große</span> <span style="color:indigo">weiße</span> <span style="color:violet">Gebäude</span>.
|Ich sehe ein Gebäude.
|Ich gab ihm einen Stift.
|Sie wird gehen.
|-
|-
|Itanlian
|Itanlian
|<span style="color:red">Ho</span> <span style="color:orange">visto</span> <span style="color:green">due</span> <span style="color:blue">grandi</span> <span style="color:violet">edifici</span> <span style="color:indigo">bianchi</span>.
|Vedo un edificio.
|Gli ho dato una penna.
|Lei andrà.
|-
|-
|Portugese
|Portugese
|<span style="color:red">Eu</span> <span style="color:orange">vi</span> <span style="color:green">dois</span> <span style="color:blue">grandes</span> <span style="color:violet">edifícios</span> <span style="color:indigo">brancos</span>.
|Eu vejo um prédio.
|Eu dei-lhe uma caneta.
|Ela vai.
|-
|-
|Russian
|Russian
|<span style="color:red">Я</span> <span style="color:orange">увидел</span> <span style="color:green">два</span> <span style="color:blue">больших</span> <span style="color:indigo">белых</span> <span style="color:violet">здания</span>.
|Я вижу здание.
|Я дал ему ручку.
|Она пойдет.
|-
|-
|Spanish
|Spanish
|<span style="color:orange">Vi</span> <span style="color:green">dos</span> <span style="color:blue">grandes</span> <span style="color:violet">edificios</span> <span style="color:indigo">blancos</span>.
|Veo un edificio
|Le di una pluma.
|Ella irá.
|-
|-
!VSO Language
!VSO Language
!Example sentence 1
!Example sentence 1
!Example sentence 2
!Example sentence 3
|-
|-
|Arabic
|Arabic
|.<span style="color:orange">رأيت</span> <span style="color:violet">مبنيين</span> <span style="color:indigo">أبيض</span> <span style="color:blue">كبيرين</span>
|أرى مبنى.
|أعطيته قلم.
|وقالت انها سوف تذهب.
|-
|-
|Irish
|Irish
|<span style="color:orange">Chonaic</span> <span style="color:red">mé</span> <span style="color:green">dhá</span> <span style="color:violet">fhoirgneamh</span> <span style="color:indigo">bán</span> <span style="color:blue">mór</span>.
|Feicim foirgneamh.
|Thug mé peann air.
|Beidh sí ag dul.
|-
|-
|Welsh
|Welsh
|<span style="color:orange">Gwelais</span> <span style="color:green">ddau</span> <span style="color:violet">adeilad</span> <span style="color:blue">mawr</span> <span style="color:indigo">gwyn</span>.
|Gwelaf adeilad.
|Rhoddais pen iddo.
|Bydd hi'n mynd.
|-
|-
!VOS Language
!VOS Language
!Example sentence 1
!Example sentence 1
!Example sentence 2
!Example sentence 3
|-
|-
!OSV Language
!OSV Language
!Example sentence 1
!Example sentence 1
!Example sentence 2
!Example sentence 3
|-
|-
!OVS Language
!OVS Language
!Example sentence 1
!Example sentence 1
!Example sentence 2
!Example sentence 3
|-
|-
|}
|}

Revision as of 08:33, 11 August 2017

Word-order-languages.jpg

This lesson is about word orders, which can be mainly divided into six types, with small differences inside each type. Here are some examples.

S means subject, O means object, V means verb.

SOV and SVO are the most popular, accounting for about 4/10 each.

There can be more than one order in a language, the listed are just the most common cases.

Example sentence 1 has a subject, a verb and an object.

Example sentence 2 has a subject, a verb, a direct object and an indirect object.

Example sentence 3 has a subject and a verb.

Note that some languages omit first person singular, some languages omits

SOV Language Example sentence 1 Example sentence 2 Example sentence 3
Japanese 私は建物を見る。 私は彼にペンを与えた。 彼女が行きます。
Korean 나는 건물을 본다. 나는 그에게 펜을 줬다. 그녀가 갈거야.
Persian من یک ساختمان را می بینم. من یک قلم به او دادم. او خواهد رفت.
Turkish Bir bina görüyorum. Ona bir kalem verdim. O gidecek.
SVO Language Example sentence 1 Example sentence 2 Example sentence 3
Chinese 我看到一座建筑物。/我看到一座建築物。 我给他一支钢笔。/我給他一支鋼筆。 她会去。/她會去。
English I see a building. I gave him a pen. She will go.
Esperanto Mi vidas konstuaĵon. Mi donis al li plumon. Ŝi iros.
French Je vois un bâtiment. Je lui ai donné un stylo. Elle ira.
German Ich sehe ein Gebäude. Ich gab ihm einen Stift. Sie wird gehen.
Itanlian Vedo un edificio. Gli ho dato una penna. Lei andrà.
Portugese Eu vejo um prédio. Eu dei-lhe uma caneta. Ela vai.
Russian Я вижу здание. Я дал ему ручку. Она пойдет.
Spanish Veo un edificio Le di una pluma. Ella irá.
VSO Language Example sentence 1 Example sentence 2 Example sentence 3
Arabic أرى مبنى. أعطيته قلم. وقالت انها سوف تذهب.
Irish Feicim foirgneamh. Thug mé peann air. Beidh sí ag dul.
Welsh Gwelaf adeilad. Rhoddais pen iddo. Bydd hi'n mynd.
VOS Language Example sentence 1 Example sentence 2 Example sentence 3
OSV Language Example sentence 1 Example sentence 2 Example sentence 3
OVS Language Example sentence 1 Example sentence 2 Example sentence 3

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