Difference between revisions of "Language/Paraguayan-guarani/Grammar/Pronouns"

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== Guarani personal pronouns ==
===The 'che' Personal Pronoun===
Like English, Guarani has a set of personal pronouns. The English word 'I' is a pronoun in the first person singular. The Guarani word for 'I' is 'che'.
{| class="wikitable"
!Guarani
!Translation
|-
|che  avei
|me  too
|-
|che  mante
|just  me
|-
|ha  che ?
|and  me ?
|-
|che  nahániri avei
|me  neither
|-
|che  nahániri
|not  me
|}
===Other Personal Pronouns===
Personal pronouns in Guarani are mostly the same as the prefixes used with chendal verbs. They include first person and second person singular, third person (no distinction between singular and plural), first person plural inclusive, first person plural exclusive and second person plural.
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |
!singular
!plural
|-
! rowspan="2" |1st person
!inclusive
| rowspan="2" |che
|ñande
|-
!exclusive
|ore
|-
! colspan="2" |2nd person
|nde
|peẽ
|-
! colspan="2" |3rd person
|haʼe
|haʼekuéra/ hikuái (*)
|}
* Hikuái is a Post-verbal pronoun (oHecha hikuái – they see )
Reflexive pronoun: ''je'': ''ahecha'' ("I look"), ''ajehecha'' ("I look at myself")
===Video (in Spanish) - Pronombres Personales en guaraní===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OhvSy0YJuk0</youtube>


== Guarani demonstrative pronouns ==
== Guarani demonstrative pronouns ==
Line 50: Line 106:
In Guarani, demonstrative pronouns reflect the proximal-distal dimension of the contexts in which the pronouns are used.
In Guarani, demonstrative pronouns reflect the proximal-distal dimension of the contexts in which the pronouns are used.


===Video (in Spanish) - Pronombres posesivos en guaraní===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ai9s3kbZ8RI</youtube>




==Video (in Spanish) - Pronombres posesivos en guaraní==


== Guarani personal pronouns ==
[TO BE COMPLETED]
===The 'che' Personal Pronoun===
Like English, Guarani has a set of personal pronouns. The English word 'I' is a pronoun in the first person singular. The Guarani word for 'I' is 'che'.
{| class="wikitable"
!Guarani
!Translation
|-
|che  avei
|me  too
|-
|che  mante
|just  me
|-
|ha  che ?
|and  me ?
|-
|che  nahániri avei
|me  neither
|-
|che  nahániri
|not  me
|}




===Other Personal Pronouns===


Personal pronouns in Guarani are mostly the same as the prefixes used with chendal verbs. They include first person and second person singular, third person (no distinction between singular and plural), first person plural inclusive, first person plural exclusive and second person plural.
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ai9s3kbZ8RI</youtube>
 
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |
!singular
!plural
|-
! rowspan="2" |1st person
!inclusive
| rowspan="2" |che
|ñande
|-
!exclusive
|ore
|-
! colspan="2" |2nd person
|nde
|peẽ
|-
! colspan="2" |3rd person
|haʼe
|haʼekuéra/ hikuái (*)
|}
* Hikuái is a Post-verbal pronoun (oHecha hikuái – they see )
Reflexive pronoun: ''je'': ''ahecha'' ("I look"), ''ajehecha'' ("I look at myself")
 
===Video (in Spanish) - Pronombres Personales en guaraní===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OhvSy0YJuk0</youtube>




Revision as of 00:26, 26 December 2021


Guarani personal pronouns

The 'che' Personal Pronoun

Like English, Guarani has a set of personal pronouns. The English word 'I' is a pronoun in the first person singular. The Guarani word for 'I' is 'che'.

Guarani Translation
che avei me too
che mante just me
ha che ? and me ?
che nahániri avei me neither
che nahániri not me


Other Personal Pronouns

Personal pronouns in Guarani are mostly the same as the prefixes used with chendal verbs. They include first person and second person singular, third person (no distinction between singular and plural), first person plural inclusive, first person plural exclusive and second person plural.

singular plural
1st person inclusive che ñande
exclusive ore
2nd person nde peẽ
3rd person haʼe haʼekuéra/ hikuái (*)
  • Hikuái is a Post-verbal pronoun (oHecha hikuái – they see )

Reflexive pronoun: je: ahecha ("I look"), ajehecha ("I look at myself")

Video (in Spanish) - Pronombres Personales en guaraní

Guarani demonstrative pronouns

The 'ko' Pronoun

Demonstrative pronouns are used with nouns to make them more specific. The demonstrative pronouns 'this' in English is 'ko' in Guarani.

Guarani Translation
ko aranduka this book
ko tapicha this person
ko mesa this table
ko yva mansana this apple
ko kavaju this horse

Other demonstrative Pronouns

Demonstrative pronouns recognize at least four deictic degrees (from proximal to distal): ko, pe, amo, ku (and their plural forms).

Attributives Non-attributives
ko kóva “near the speaker”
pe péva “near the addressee”
upé upéva “away from both speaker and addressee”

Note. Chart above reprinted from E. Gregores and J. Suarez.

In Guarani, demonstrative pronouns reflect the proximal-distal dimension of the contexts in which the pronouns are used.


Video (in Spanish) - Pronombres posesivos en guaraní

[TO BE COMPLETED]



Sources

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