Difference between revisions of "Language/Georgian/Grammar/Cases-of-Verbal-Persons-in-Transitive-Verbs"

From Polyglot Club WIKI
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(Created page with "thumb <div style="font-size:300%"> Cases of Verbal Persons in Transitive Verbs in Georgian</div> Cases of verbal persons in trans...")
 
Line 5: Line 5:
Cases of verbal persons in transitive verbs:  
Cases of verbal persons in transitive verbs:  


== Two-personal transitives ==


a) Two-personal transitives:  
{| class="wikitable"
|'''Present Tense''' 
|(I  Series) 
|ქალი სურათს ხატავს 
|-
|
|
|Subject: nominative 
|-
|
|
|Direct object: dative 
|-
|'''Past/Aorist  Tense''' 
|(II Series) 
|ქალმა სურათი დახატა 
|-
|
|
|Subject: ergative 
|-
|
|
|Direct object: nominative 
|-
|'''Past  Unreal Tense''' 
|(III Series) 
|ქალს სურათი დაუხატავს 
|-
|
|
|Subject: dative 
|-
|
|
|Direct  object: nominative
|}


== Three-personal transitives ==


Present Tense (I Series) ქალი სურათს ხატავს
{| class="wikitable"
Subject: nominative
|'''Present Tense''' 
Direct object: dative
|(I Series) 
Past/Aorist Tense (II Series) ქალმა სურათი დახატა
|ქალი დედას სურათს უხატავს 
Subject: ergative
|-
Direct object: nominative
|
Past Unreal Tense (III Series) ქალს სურათი დაუხატავს
|
Subject: dative
|Subject: nominative 
Direct object: nominative
|-
 
|
 
|
b) Three-personal transitives:
|Direct object: dative
 
|-
Present Tense (I Series) ქალი დედას სურათს უხატავს
|
Subject: nominative
|
Direct object: dative Indirect object: dative Past/Aorist Tense (II Series) ქალმა დედას სურათი დაუხატა
|Indirect object: dative  
Subject: ergative
|-
Direct object: nominative Indirect object: dative
|'''Past/Aorist Tense''' 
Past Unreal Tense (III Series) ქალს დედისთვის სურათი დაუხატავს
|(II Series) 
Subject: dative
|ქალმა დედას სურათი დაუხატა 
Direct object: nominative
|-
 
|
|
|Subject: ergative 
|-
|
|
|Direct object: nominative
|-
|
|
|Indirect object: dative 
|-
|'''Past Unreal Tense''' 
|(III Series) 
|ქალს დედისთვის სურათი დაუხატავს 
|-
|
|
|Subject: dative 
|-
|
|
|Direct object: nominative 
|}


The indirect object is outside of verbal morphology and is indicated by the postposition “-თვის” (“for”). Therefore in this tense the verb becomes two-personal.
The indirect object is outside of verbal morphology and is indicated by the postposition “-თვის” (“for”). Therefore in this tense the verb becomes two-personal.

Revision as of 21:10, 28 September 2021

Georgian-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Cases of Verbal Persons in Transitive Verbs in Georgian


Cases of verbal persons in transitive verbs:

Two-personal transitives

Present Tense  (I Series)  ქალი სურათს ხატავს 
Subject: nominative 
Direct object: dative 
Past/Aorist Tense  (II Series)  ქალმა სურათი დახატა 
Subject: ergative 
Direct object: nominative 
Past Unreal Tense  (III Series)  ქალს სურათი დაუხატავს 
Subject: dative 
Direct object: nominative

Three-personal transitives

Present Tense  (I Series)  ქალი დედას სურათს უხატავს 
Subject: nominative 
Direct object: dative
Indirect object: dative
Past/Aorist Tense  (II Series)  ქალმა დედას სურათი დაუხატა 
Subject: ergative 
Direct object: nominative
Indirect object: dative 
Past Unreal Tense  (III Series)  ქალს დედისთვის სურათი დაუხატავს 
Subject: dative 
Direct object: nominative 

The indirect object is outside of verbal morphology and is indicated by the postposition “-თვის” (“for”). Therefore in this tense the verb becomes two-personal.


Sources

http://eprints.iliauni.edu.ge/3071/1/Basic-Georgian%202%20bolo%20versia.pdf

Retrieved from "https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/index.php?title=Language/Georgian/Grammar/Cases-of-Verbal-Persons-in-Transitive-Verbs&oldid=109247"