Difference between revisions of "Language/Bengali/Pronunciation/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation"
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= ক = | === ক === | ||
|k | |k | ||
|ক As ‘k’ in kite | |ক As ‘k’ in kite | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= খ = | === খ === | ||
|kh | |kh | ||
|খ Coupled sound of ‘k’, ‘h’= ‘kh’ | |খ Coupled sound of ‘k’, ‘h’= ‘kh’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= গ = | === গ === | ||
|g | |g | ||
|গ As ‘g’ in gun | |গ As ‘g’ in gun | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= ঘ = | === ঘ === | ||
|gh | |gh | ||
|ঘ Coupled sound of ‘g’, ‘h’= ‘gh’ | |ঘ Coupled sound of ‘g’, ‘h’= ‘gh’ | ||
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| | | | ||
= ঙ = | === ঙ === | ||
|ņ | |ņ | ||
|ঙ As ‘gn’ in gnome | |ঙ As ‘gn’ in gnome | ||
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| | | | ||
= চ = | === চ === | ||
|ch | |ch | ||
|চ As ‘ch’ in chair | |চ As ‘ch’ in chair | ||
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| | | | ||
= ছ = | === ছ === | ||
|chh | |chh | ||
|ছ As ‘ch’ as in chair | |ছ As ‘ch’ as in chair | ||
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| | | | ||
= জ = | === জ === | ||
|j | |j | ||
|জ As ‘j’ in jug | |জ As ‘j’ in jug | ||
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| | | | ||
= ঝ = | === ঝ === | ||
|jh | |jh | ||
|ঝ This is produced using the naval sounds while the tongue touches the upper part of mouth cavity | |ঝ This is produced using the naval sounds while the tongue touches the upper part of mouth cavity | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= ঞ = | === ঞ === | ||
|n | |n | ||
|ঞ Just like ‘gn’ of gnome with a slight up movement of tongue | |ঞ Just like ‘gn’ of gnome with a slight up movement of tongue | ||
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| | | | ||
= ট = | === ট === | ||
|ţ | |ţ | ||
|ট As ‘t’ in top | |ট As ‘t’ in top | ||
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| | | | ||
= ঠ = | === ঠ === | ||
|ţh | |ţh | ||
|ঠ Hard sound of ‘t’ | |ঠ Hard sound of ‘t’ | ||
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| | | | ||
= ড = | === ড === | ||
|đ | |đ | ||
|ড As ‘d’ in dark | |ড As ‘d’ in dark | ||
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| | | | ||
= ঢ = | === ঢ === | ||
|đh | |đh | ||
|ঢ Coupled sound of ‘d’ and ‘h’= ‘dh’ | |ঢ Coupled sound of ‘d’ and ‘h’= ‘dh’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= ণ = | === ণ === | ||
|n | |n | ||
|ণ Nasal sound when the tongue touches a bit away from teeth | |ণ Nasal sound when the tongue touches a bit away from teeth | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= ত = | === ত === | ||
|t | |t | ||
|ত Soft sound of ‘t’ as used in "Bharat" | |ত Soft sound of ‘t’ as used in "Bharat" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= থ = | === থ === | ||
|th | |th | ||
|থ As ‘th’ in thermo | |থ As ‘th’ in thermo | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= দ = | === দ === | ||
|d | |d | ||
|দ As ‘th’ in the | |দ As ‘th’ in the | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= ধ = | === ধ === | ||
|dh | |dh | ||
|ধ sound produced by coupling soft ‘d’ and ‘h’= ‘dh’ | |ধ sound produced by coupling soft ‘d’ and ‘h’= ‘dh’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= ন = | === ন === | ||
|n | |n | ||
|ন As ‘n’ in man | |ন As ‘n’ in man | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= প = | === প === | ||
|p | |p | ||
|প As ‘p’ in push | |প As ‘p’ in push | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= ফ = | === ফ === | ||
|ph | |ph | ||
|ফ Sound of ‘f’ if pronounced with closed lips | |ফ Sound of ‘f’ if pronounced with closed lips | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= ব = | === ব === | ||
|b | |b | ||
|ব As ‘b’ in ban | |ব As ‘b’ in ban | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= ভ = | === ভ === | ||
|bh | |bh | ||
|ভ Coupled sound of ‘b’ and ‘h’= ‘bh’ | |ভ Coupled sound of ‘b’ and ‘h’= ‘bh’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= ম = | === ম === | ||
|m | |m | ||
|ম As ‘m’ in mass | |ম As ‘m’ in mass | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= য = | === য === | ||
|j | |j | ||
|য As ‘y’ in yacht | |য As ‘y’ in yacht | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= র = | === র === | ||
|r | |r | ||
|র As ‘r’ in run | |র As ‘r’ in run | ||
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| | | | ||
= ল = | === ল === | ||
|l | |l | ||
|ল As ‘l’ in love | |ল As ‘l’ in love | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= শ = | === শ === | ||
|sh and s | |sh and s | ||
|শ As ‘sh’ in shot | |শ As ‘sh’ in shot | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= ষ = | === ষ === | ||
|sh | |sh | ||
|ষ Sound of ‘sh’ when the tongue touches the roots of the teeth | |ষ Sound of ‘sh’ when the tongue touches the roots of the teeth | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= স = | === স === | ||
|sh and s | |sh and s | ||
|স As ‘s’ in sound | |স As ‘s’ in sound | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= হ = | === হ === | ||
|h | |h | ||
|হ As ‘h’ in has | |হ As ‘h’ in has | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
= য় = | === য় === | ||
|e and - | |e and - | ||
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|- | |- | ||
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= ড় = | === ড় === | ||
|ŗ | |ŗ | ||
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|- | |- | ||
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= ঢ় = | === ঢ় === | ||
|ŗh | |ŗh | ||
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|আ Stressed অ | |আ Stressed অ | ||
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| | |===ই=== | ||
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|ই As ‘I’ in ill | |ই As ‘I’ in ill | ||
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| | |===ঈ=== | ||
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|ঈ As ‘e’ in eke | |ঈ As ‘e’ in eke | ||
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| | |===উ== | ||
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|উ As ‘u’ in Ubuntu | |উ As ‘u’ in Ubuntu | ||
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| | |===ঊ=== | ||
| | | | ||
|ঊ As ‘ou’ in you | |ঊ As ‘ou’ in you | ||
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| | |===ঋ=== | ||
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|ঋ As ‘ri’ in risk | |ঋ As ‘ri’ in risk | ||
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| | |===ৠ=== | ||
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|ৠ Double sound of “ri” | |ৠ Double sound of “ri” | ||
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| | |===এ === | ||
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|এ As ‘e’ in par se | |এ As ‘e’ in par se | ||
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| | |===ঐ=== | ||
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|ঐ As ‘a’ in as | |ঐ As ‘a’ in as | ||
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| | |===ও=== | ||
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|ও As ‘o’ in go | |ও As ‘o’ in go | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |===ঔ=== | ||
| | | | ||
|ঔ Stressed and long sound of ‘o’ | |ঔ Stressed and long sound of ‘o’ | ||
Revision as of 19:10, 27 September 2021
Bengali also known as Bangla (বাংলা), is a language of the Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent, spoken by the Bengalis in Bangladesh and India as well as other native populations.
Bengali is written in the Brahmi script, which is also used to write many other Indian languages, such as Garo and Manipuri. There are 43 characters – 32 for consonants and 11 for vowels.
Consonants
| Letter | ক | খ | গ | ঘ | ঙ | চ | ছ | জ | ঝ | ঞ | ট | ঠ | ড | ঢ | ণ | ট | ঠ | ড | ঢ | ণ | প | ফ | ব | ভ | ম | য | র | র | শ | ষ | ষ | হ | ড় | ঢ় | য় |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | kô | khô | gô | ghô | ngô | chô/sô | chhô/ssô | ǰô | ǰhô | ñô | ṭô | ṭhô | ḍô | ḍhô | ṇô | ṭô | ṭhô | ḍô | ḍhô | ṇô | pô | phôfô | bô | bhô | mô | jô | rô | rô | shô | ṣô | ṣô | hô | ṛô | ṛhô | yô |
| IPA | kɔ | kʰɔ | gɔ | ɡʱɔ | ŋɔ | tʃɔ, tsɔ, sɔ | tʃʰɔ, tsʰɔ, sɔ | dʒɔ, dzɔ, zɔ | dʒʱɔ, dzʱɔ | nɔ, ẽɔ | t̠ɔ | t̠ʰɔ | d̠ɔ | d̠ʱɔ | nɔ | t̠ɔ | t̠ʰɔ | d̠ɔ | d̠ʱɔ | nɔ | pɔ | pʰɔ, ɸɔ, fɔ | bɔ | bʱɔ | mɔ | dʒɔ, dzɔ, zɔ | rɔ | rɔ | ʃɔ, ɕɔ | ɕɔ, ʃɔ | ɕɔ, ʃɔ | ɦɔ, hɔ | ɽɔ | ɽʱɔ | e̯ɔ |
Vowels
| Letter | অ | আ | ই | ঈ | উ | ঊ | ঋ | এ | ঐ | ও | ঔ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diacritic | ◌ | া | ি | ী | ু | ূ | ৃ | ে | ৈ | ো | ৌ |
| Name | ô | a | i | īee | u | ūoo | ṛri | e | oi | o | ou |
| IPA | ɔ, o | a | i | i | u | u | ri | e, ɛ | oi | o, ʊ | ou |
Equivalence with English sounds
| Bengali Alphabet | English Sound | Pronunciation Example |
|---|---|---|
ক |
k | ক As ‘k’ in kite |
খ |
kh | খ Coupled sound of ‘k’, ‘h’= ‘kh’ |
গ |
g | গ As ‘g’ in gun |
ঘ |
gh | ঘ Coupled sound of ‘g’, ‘h’= ‘gh’ |
ঙ |
ņ | ঙ As ‘gn’ in gnome |
চ |
ch | চ As ‘ch’ in chair |
ছ |
chh | ছ As ‘ch’ as in chair |
জ |
j | জ As ‘j’ in jug |
ঝ |
jh | ঝ This is produced using the naval sounds while the tongue touches the upper part of mouth cavity |
ঞ |
n | ঞ Just like ‘gn’ of gnome with a slight up movement of tongue |
ট |
ţ | ট As ‘t’ in top |
ঠ |
ţh | ঠ Hard sound of ‘t’ |
ড |
đ | ড As ‘d’ in dark |
ঢ |
đh | ঢ Coupled sound of ‘d’ and ‘h’= ‘dh’ |
ণ |
n | ণ Nasal sound when the tongue touches a bit away from teeth |
ত |
t | ত Soft sound of ‘t’ as used in "Bharat" |
থ |
th | থ As ‘th’ in thermo |
দ |
d | দ As ‘th’ in the |
ধ |
dh | ধ sound produced by coupling soft ‘d’ and ‘h’= ‘dh’ |
ন |
n | ন As ‘n’ in man |
প |
p | প As ‘p’ in push |
ফ |
ph | ফ Sound of ‘f’ if pronounced with closed lips |
ব |
b | ব As ‘b’ in ban |
ভ |
bh | ভ Coupled sound of ‘b’ and ‘h’= ‘bh’ |
ম |
m | ম As ‘m’ in mass |
য |
j | য As ‘y’ in yacht |
র |
r | র As ‘r’ in run |
ল |
l | ল As ‘l’ in love |
শ |
sh and s | শ As ‘sh’ in shot |
ষ |
sh | ষ Sound of ‘sh’ when the tongue touches the roots of the teeth |
স |
sh and s | স As ‘s’ in sound |
হ |
h | হ As ‘h’ in has |
য় |
e and - | |
ড় |
ŗ | |
ঢ় |
ŗh | |
| অ | অ As ‘a’ in mal | |
| আ | আ Stressed অ | |
| ===ই=== | ই As ‘I’ in ill | |
| ===ঈ=== | ঈ As ‘e’ in eke | |
| ===উ== | উ As ‘u’ in Ubuntu | |
| ===ঊ=== | ঊ As ‘ou’ in you | |
| ===ঋ=== | ঋ As ‘ri’ in risk | |
| ===ৠ=== | ৠ Double sound of “ri” | |
| ===এ === | এ As ‘e’ in par se | |
| ===ঐ=== | ঐ As ‘a’ in as | |
| ===ও=== | ও As ‘o’ in go | |
| ===ঔ=== | ঔ Stressed and long sound of ‘o’ |