Language/South-azerbaijani/Grammar/Present-Tense

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South Azerbaijani → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Verbs and Tenses → Present Tense

Introduction

In this lesson, we will delve into the present tense in the South Azerbaijani language. The present tense is used to talk about actions happening now or habitual actions. It is an essential aspect of the language as it allows us to express ourselves in the present moment. We will learn how to form the present tense, understand its usage, and explore different verb conjugations.

Forming the Present Tense

To form the present tense in South Azerbaijani, we usually add specific suffixes to the verb stem. The suffixes vary depending on the subject pronoun and the verb type. Let's take a look at the conjugation of regular verbs in the present tense:

Regular Verb Conjugation

Regular verbs in South Azerbaijani follow a predictable pattern in the present tense. We will use the verb "görmək" (to see) as an example:

South Azerbaijani	Pronunciation	English
Mən görəm	men goh-REM	I see
Sən görəsən	sen goh-REH-sen	You see
O görər	oh goh-RER	He/She sees
Biz görərik	biz goh-REH-rik	We see
Siz görəsiniz	siz goh-REH-see-neez	You see (plural/formal)
Onlar görərlər	on-lar goh-RER-ler	They see

As you can see from the table, the verb "görmək" is conjugated differently for each subject pronoun. The verb stem remains the same, and we add specific suffixes to indicate the subject.

Irregular Verb Conjugation

Not all verbs follow the regular conjugation pattern in the present tense. Some verbs have irregular conjugations, and they must be memorized individually. Let's take a look at the verb "etmək" (to do) as an example:

South Azerbaijani	Pronunciation	English
Mən edirəm	men eh-dee-REM	I do
Sən edirsən	sen eh-DEER-sen	You do
O edir	oh eh-DEER	He/She does
Biz edirik	biz eh-DEER-ik	We do
Siz edirsiniz	siz eh-DEER-see-neez	You do (plural/formal)
Onlar edirlər	on-lar eh-DEER-ler	They do

As you can see, the verb "etmək" has an irregular conjugation. It is essential to familiarize yourself with irregular verbs to use them correctly in the present tense.

Usage of the Present Tense

The present tense in South Azerbaijani is primarily used to talk about actions happening now or habitual actions. Let's explore some examples to understand its usage better:

• Template:South Azerbaijani (I love Azerbaijan.) - Talking about a present feeling or emotion.
• Template:South Azerbaijani (How are you?) - Asking about someone's well-being in the present moment.
• Template:South Azerbaijani (I have been studying at school for days.) - Describing an ongoing action in the present.
• Template:South Azerbaijani (I read a book every day.) - Expressing a habitual action in the present.

The present tense allows us to communicate effectively in the present moment and express our thoughts, feelings, and actions.

Cultural Insights

In South Azerbaijan, the usage of the present tense varies slightly across different regions. While the grammatical rules remain the same, there are some regional variations in pronunciation and vocabulary. These differences add richness and diversity to the language.

Additionally, historical factors have influenced the South Azerbaijani language. The region has a rich cultural heritage and has been influenced by various empires and civilizations throughout history. These influences have shaped the language and its usage, making it unique and distinct.

Interesting fact: South Azerbaijani is spoken by approximately 15 million people worldwide, primarily in South Azerbaijan, Iran, and Turkey. It is also recognized as a minority language in Iraq and Syria.

Practice Exercises

Now, let's practice what we have learned! Complete the following exercises and check your answers below:

Exercise 1: Conjugate the verb "demək" (to say) in the present tense for different subject pronouns.

• Mən demək -->
• Sən deməsən -->
• O -->
• Biz -->
• Siz -->
• Onlar -->

Exercise 2: Translate the following sentences into South Azerbaijani using the present tense.

1. I eat breakfast every morning. 2. She works in a hospital. 3. We live in Baku. 4. Do you speak South Azerbaijani? 5. They play football every weekend.

Exercise 1: Solutions

• Mən deyirəm
• Sən deyirsən
• O deyir
• Biz deyirik
• Siz deyirsiniz
• Onlar deyirlər

Exercise 2: Solutions

1. Mən hər sabah səhər yeməyindən edirəm. 2. O bir xəstəxanada işləyir. 3. Biz Bakıda yaşayırıq. 4. Siz Cənubi Azərbaycan dilində danışırsınızmı? 5. Onlar hər həftə sonu futbol oynayırlar.

Congratulations! You have completed the exercises.

Table of Contents - South Azerbaijani Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

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Greetings and Introductions

• Basic Greetings
• Introducing Yourself

  ---

Basic Sentence Structure

• Subject-Object-Verb Order
• Negation

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Numbers and Time

• Numbers 1-20
• Telling Time

  ---

Pronouns and Nouns

• Personal Pronouns
• Possessive Pronouns
• Noun Plurals

  ---

Family and Relationships

• Family Members
• Describing People

  ---

Adjectives and Adverbs

• Adjective Agreement
• Comparatives and Superlatives
• Adverbs of Time, Manner, and Place

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Food and Dining

• Common Foods
• Ordering at a Restaurant

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Verbs and Tenses

• Present Tense
• Past Tense
• Future Tense

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Travel and Transportation

• Modes of Transportation
• Asking for Directions

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South Azerbaijani Culture

• History and Geography
• Traditions and Festivals
• Music and Dance

Other Lessons

• Past Tense
• Adjective Agreement
• 0 to A1 Course
• Conditional Mood
• Future Tense
• How to Use Be
• How to Use Have
• Personal Pronouns
• Comparatives and Superlatives

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