Language/Malayalam/Grammar/Subject-Pronouns

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MalayalamGrammar0 to A1 Course → Basic Sentence Structure → Subject Pronouns

Introduction[edit | edit source]

In this lesson, we will explore the subject pronouns in the Malayalam language. Subject pronouns are essential in constructing basic sentences, as they indicate the person or thing performing the action. Understanding subject pronouns is crucial for building a strong foundation in Malayalam grammar. We will study the different subject pronouns and learn how to use them correctly in various sentence structures.

Subject Pronouns[edit | edit source]

Subject pronouns, also known as nominative pronouns, replace the subject of a sentence. They are used to indicate who or what is performing the action. In Malayalam, subject pronouns are used extensively in sentence construction. Let's take a look at the subject pronouns in Malayalam along with their English translations:

Malayalam Pronunciation English Translation
ഞാന്‍ (njaan) /ɲaːn/ I
നീ (nee) /niː/ You (singular)
അവന്‍ (avan) /aʋan/ He
അവള്‍ (aval) /aʋaɭ/ She
അത് (ath) /at̪/ It
നമ്മള്‍ (nammal) /n̪aːmːaɭ/ We
നിങ്ങള്‍ (ningal) /niŋɡaɭ/ You (plural)
അവര്‍ (avar) /aʋaɾ/ They

Please note that subject pronouns in Malayalam have different forms depending on the gender and number of the subject. Now, let's explore each subject pronoun in more detail and learn how to use them in sentences.

ഞാന്‍ (njaan) - I[edit | edit source]

The subject pronoun "ഞാന്‍" (njaan) is used to refer to the person speaking or the first-person singular. It is equivalent to the English pronoun "I." Here are a few examples:

  • ഞാന്‍ വന്നു. (Njaan vannu.) - I came.
  • ഞാന്‍ പഠിക്കുന്നു. (Njaan padhikkunnu.) - I am studying.

നീ (nee) - You (singular)[edit | edit source]

The subject pronoun "നീ" (nee) is used to refer to the person being spoken to or the second-person singular. It is equivalent to the English pronoun "you." Here are a few examples:

  • നീ പോകുന്നു. (Nee pokunnu.) - You are going.
  • നീ വന്നുവോ? (Nee vannuvo?) - Did you come?

അവന്‍ (avan) - He[edit | edit source]

The subject pronoun "അവന്‍" (avan) is used to refer to a male person or the third-person singular. It is equivalent to the English pronoun "he." Here are a few examples:

  • അവന്‍ പഠിക്കുന്നു. (Avan padhikkunnu.) - He is studying.
  • അവന്‍ വന്നു. (Avan vannu.) - He came.

അവള്‍ (aval) - She[edit | edit source]

The subject pronoun "അവള്‍" (aval) is used to refer to a female person or the third-person singular. It is equivalent to the English pronoun "she." Here are a few examples:

  • അവള്‍ പോകുന്നു. (Aval pokunnu.) - She is going.
  • അവള്‍ വന്നു. (Aval vannu.) - She came.

അത് (ath) - It[edit | edit source]

The subject pronoun "അത്" (ath) is used to refer to inanimate objects or animals. It is equivalent to the English pronoun "it." Here are a few examples:

  • അത് വെളിപ്പെടുന്നു. (Ath velippettunnu.) - It is appearing.
  • അത് വന്നു. (Ath vannu.) - It came.

നമ്മള്‍ (nammal) - We[edit | edit source]

The subject pronoun "നമ്മള്‍" (nammal) is used to refer to a group of people, including the person speaking. It is equivalent to the English pronoun "we." Here are a few examples:

  • നമ്മള്‍ പോകുന്നു. (Nammal pokunnu.) - We are going.
  • നമ്മള്‍ വന്നു. (Nammal vannu.) - We came.

നിങ്ങള്‍ (ningal) - You (plural)[edit | edit source]

The subject pronoun "നിങ്ങള്‍" (ningal) is used to refer to a group of people being spoken to or the second-person plural. It is equivalent to the English pronoun "you." Here are a few examples:

  • നിങ്ങള്‍ പോകുന്നു. (Ningal pokunnu.) - You (plural) are going.
  • നിങ്ങള്‍ വന്നുവോ? (Ningal vannuvo?) - Did you (plural) come?

അവര്‍ (avar) - They[edit | edit source]

The subject pronoun "അവര്‍" (avar) is used to refer to a group of people or things being talked about or the third-person plural. It is equivalent to the English pronoun "they." Here are a few examples:

  • അവര്‍ പോകുന്നു. (Avar pokunnu.) - They are going.
  • അവര്‍ വന്നു. (Avar vannu.) - They came.

Now that we have explored each subject pronoun in detail, let's move on to using them in basic sentence structures.

Practice Sentences[edit | edit source]

To reinforce your understanding of subject pronouns in Malayalam, let's practice constructing sentences using different subject pronouns. Try to translate the following sentences from English to Malayalam using the appropriate subject pronoun:

1. I am eating. 2. She is reading a book. 3. They are playing football. 4. We went to the park. 5. You (singular) are my friend. 6. It is raining outside. 7. He is a doctor. 8. You (plural) came late. 9. We are happy. 10. Are you (singular) coming?

Solution[edit | edit source]

Here are the solutions to the practice sentences:

1. ഞാന്‍ ഭക്ഷണം ചെയ്യുന്നു. (Njaan bhakshṇam cheyyunnu.) 2. അവള്‍ പുസ്തകം വായിക്കുന്നു. (Aval pusthakam vaayikkunnu.) 3. അവര്‍ ഫുട്‌ബോള്‍ ആടുന്നു. (Avar football aadunnu.) 4. ഞങ്ങള്‍ പാര്‍ക്കിലേക്ക് പോയി. (Nammal parkkilēkku poi.) 5. നീ എന്റെ സൗഹൃദം ആണ്. (Nee ente sauhṛdham aṇṇu.) 6. അത് വെളിപ്പെടുന്നു. (Ath velippettunnu.) 7. അവന്‍ ഒരു വൈദ്യുതനാണ്. (Avan oru vaidyuthaṇāṇṇu.) 8. നിങ്ങള്‍ പതിയായി വന്നു. (Ningal pathiyāyi vannu.) 9. ഞങ്ങള്‍ സന്തുഷ്ടരാണ്. (Nammal santuṣṭarāṇṇu.) 10. നീ വരുന്നുണ്ടോ? (Nee varunnundo?)

Congratulations on completing the exercise! By practicing these sentences, you will become more familiar with using subject pronouns correctly in Malayalam.

Cultural Insights[edit | edit source]

The usage of subject pronouns in Malayalam reflects the cultural nuances and hierarchical relationships prevalent in Kerala society. In formal settings, it is common to address others using their appropriate pronouns, showing respect and acknowledging their position. For example, using the pronoun "അവന്‍" (avan) for a male or "അവള്‍" (aval) for a female signifies a level of politeness and formality.

Furthermore, Malayalam society values collectivism and emphasizes the importance of community and family. This is evident in the use of the pronouns "നമ്മള്‍" (nammal) for "we" and "നിങ്ങള്‍" (ningal) for "you" (plural). These pronouns reflect a sense of togetherness and inclusiveness, highlighting the strong bonds within the community.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

In this lesson, we have learned about the subject pronouns in Malayalam and how to use them in basic sentence structures. Subject pronouns are essential for constructing sentences and indicating the performer of an action. By practicing the provided sentences and understanding the cultural insights, you have taken a significant step towards mastering basic sentence structure in Malayalam. Keep up the good work and continue practicing to enhance your language skills!


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