Language/Hausa/Grammar/Present-Tense

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Present Tense in Hausa

Hello Everyone, 😊

In today’s lesson we are going to study the following topic: ”PRESENT TENSE” in Hausa.

Please feel free to edit this page if you think it can be improved!

Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: Future Tense, Conditional Mood, Questions & Adjectives.

How to Form the Present Tense in Hausa[edit | edit source]

The present tense in Hausa is formed by attaching specific prefixes and sometimes suffixes to the verb stem. These prefixes vary depending on the subject pronoun. Below is a list of subject pronouns in Hausa and how to form the present tense for each:

  • Ina (I)
  • Ka/Ki (You - singular, masculine/feminine)
  • Shi (He)
  • Ita (She)
  • Mun (We)
  • Ku (You - plural)
  • Su (They)

The basic structure for forming the present tense in Hausa involves using a subject pronoun plus the appropriate prefix attached to the verb stem. For certain pronouns, the verb stem itself may slightly change or remain the same.

Here are the corrected and expanded rules for forming the present tense:

  • Ina: This indicates "I am" doing an action. For example, "Ina karatu" means "I am reading."
  • Ka: Used for "You are" (singular, masculine) doing something. For example, "Ka karanta" means "You are reading."
  • Ki: Used for "You are" (singular, feminine) doing something. For example, "Ki karanta" means "You (feminine) are reading."
  • Shi: Used for "He is" doing something. For example, "Shi yana karatu" means "He is reading."
  • Ita: Used for "She is" doing something. For example, "Ita tana karatu" means "She is reading."
  • Mun: Used for "We are" doing something. For example, "Mun karanta" means "We are reading."
  • Ku: Used for "You (plural) are" doing something. For example, "Ku karanta" means "You all are reading."
  • Su: Used for "They are" doing something. For example, "Su karanta" means "They are reading."

It's crucial to understand that in Hausa, verb conjugation can involve both prefixes and suffixes, with some variations depending on dialect and context.

Practice[edit | edit source]

To practice forming the present tense in Hausa, consider these corrected sentences:

  • Ina tafiya zuwa Sokoto. (I am going to Sokoto.)
  • Ka kawo abinci. (You bring the food.)
  • Shi ya kashe ta. (He killed her.)
  • Ita tana kawo kudi. (She is bringing money.)
  • Mun yi magana akan soyayya. (We are talking about love.)
  • Ku shiga cikin daki. (You all enter the room.)
  • Su fita daga hanya. (They are leaving the road.)

By mastering these conjugations, you will significantly improve your ability to communicate in Hausa.

Present Tense Conjugation - Examples[edit | edit source]

ENGLISH HAUSA ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION
I read Ina karatu ih nah kah rah too
You (masc.) read Ka karanta kah kah rahn tah
You (fem.) read Ki karanta kee kah rahn tah
He reads Shi yana karatu shee yah nah kah rah too
She reads Ita tana karatu ee tah tah nah kah rah too
We read Mun karanta moon kah rahn tah
You (pl.) read Ku karanta koo kah rahn tah
They read Su karanta soo kah rahn tah
I write Ina rubutu ih nah roo boo too
You (masc.) write Ka rubuta kah roo boo tah
You (fem.) write Ki rubuta kee roo boo tah
He writes Shi yana rubutu shee yah nah roo boo too
She writes Ita tana rubutu ee tah tah nah roo boo too
We write Mun rubuta moon roo boo tah
You (pl.) write Ku rubuta koo roo boo tah
They write Su rubuta soo roo boo tah
I eat Ina ci ih nah chee
You (masc.) eat Ka ci kah chee
You (fem.) eat Ki ci kee chee
He eats Shi yana ci shee yah nah chee
She eats Ita tana ci ee tah tah nah chee
We eat Mun ci moon chee
You (pl.) eat Ku ci koo chee
They eat Su ci soo chee



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