Language/Central-pashto/Culture/Afghanistan-Timeline

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Historical Timeline for Afghanistan - A chronology of key events
Afghanistan-Pashto-Language-PolyglotClub.jpg

Afghanistan-Timeline-PolyglotClub.jpg


Afghanistan Timeline[edit | edit source]

xiith century[edit | edit source]

  • 1163: conquest of the last Ghaznavid territories by the Afghan Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad  (in) and independence and establishment of the Ghorides dynasty
  • 1192: first Muslim conquest of Dehli by the Afghan Muhammad Ghûrî

xiiith century[edit | edit source]

  • 1215: Fall of the Ghorides dynasty and capture of Persia by the Turks Khwarezmchahs and capture of India by the Turks of the Slave Dynasty and establishment of the Sultanate of Delhi
  • 1290: Coup d'état by the Afghan Jalâl ud-Dîn Fîrûz Khaljî establishment of the Khaldjî Dynasty in India over the Sultanate of Delhi

xivth century[edit | edit source]

  • 1320: Fall of the Khaldji empire and capture of India by the Turks Ghiyath al-Din Tughlûq establishment of the Tughlûq Dynasty on the Sultanate of Delhi

xvth century[edit | edit source]

  • 1451: the Afghan Bahlul Lodi takes power in India and sets up the Lodi dynasty over the Sultanate of Delhi

xvith century[edit | edit source]

  • 1526: Fall of the Lodi Empire taken from India by Babur and establishment of the Mughal Empire
  • 1539: Afghan Sher Shah Suri seizes power in India and sets up the Suri empire
  • 1556: Fall of the Suri Empire taken from India by the Mughal Empire

xviiith century[edit | edit source]

  • 1709: Rebellion of the Afghan Mirwais Khan Hotak establishment of the Hotaki dynasty, creation of modern Afghanistan.
  • 1738: Fall of the Hotaki Empire taken from Afghanistan by the Turkmen Nader Shah Afshar
  • 1747 (June or July): The Afghan Empire declares its independence from the Afcharides dynasty.

xixth century[edit | edit source]

  • 1823: the Afghan Empire becomes the Emirate of Afghanistan
  • 1823: Part of the emirate of Afghanistan is declared annexed by the British Raj.
  • 1834 (May): The annexation of part of the emirate of Afghanistan by the British is recognized.
  • 1839 : Beginning of the First Anglo-Afghan War.
  • 1842 : Afghan victory, withdrawal of English troops, end of the first Anglo-Afghan war.
  • 1856 (October): Occupation of part of the emirate of Afghanistan by Persia.
  • 1857 (July 27): End of the occupation of part of the emirate of Afghanistan by Persia.
  • 1878 : start of the second Anglo-Afghan war.
  • 1880: British strategic victory. The emirate of Afghanistan loses its foreign policy, Afghan tactical victory All British troops withdraw from Afghanistan and Afghanistan is independent on its internal policy, end of the second Anglo-Afghan war.
  • 1885: Part of the Emirate of Afghanistan is annexed by Russia.

xxth century[edit | edit source]

  • 1919 (May 6): Beginning of the Third Anglo-Afghan War
  • 1919 (August 8): Afghan victory, The Emirate of Afghanistan proclaims its diplomatic independence from the United Kingdom, end of the third Anglo-Afghan war.
  • 1921 (22 november): The independence of Afghanistan is recognized by the United Kingdom.
  • 1926 (June 9): The Emirate of Afghanistan becomes the Kingdom of Afghanistan.
  • 1973 (July 17): coup d'état by General Daoud Khan, who deposes King Zaher Shah and proclamation of the republic.
  • 1978 (April 27): military coup that brings to power the PDPA (communist) of Nour Mohammad Taraki
  • 1978 (April 30): The Republic of Afghanistan becomes the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan.
  • 1978 (December 5): signing of a friendship treaty with the Soviet Union
  • 1979 (March 27): crisis within the PDPA: Taraqi eliminated by Hafizullah Amin
  • 1979 (December 27): Invasion of Afghanistan by the troops of the Soviet Union: Hafizullah Amin executed, seizure of power by Babrak Karmal, beginning of the guerrilla war in March, war of nearly ten years against the occupation of the country by the army Soviet.
  • January 1980: merger of Islamic resistance organizations
  • 1986 (May 4): Mohammad Najibullah replaces Babrak Karmal
  • 1987 (November 30): The Democratic Republic of Afghanistan becomes the Republic of Afghanistan again.
  • 1988 (April 14): Geneva agreements between the Soviet, the United States, Afghanistan and Pakistan on the withdrawal of Soviet troops
  • 1989 (February 15): Definitive withdrawal of Soviet troops.
  • 1992 (April 28): The Republic of Afghanistan becomes the Islamic State of Afghanistan. Afghanistan War (1992-1996).
  • 1996 ( September 27 ): Coup d'état bringing the Taliban to power. The government goes into exile. Afghanistan War (1996-2001)
  • 1997 (October 26): The Islamic State of Afghanistan becomes the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.

xxith century[edit | edit source]

  • 2001 ( September 9 ): assassination of Ahmed Chah Massoud, commander of the Northern Afghan Alliance, Jamiat-e Islami and head of the Islamic Army, an army that fought against the Soviet occupation and then the Taliban regime.
  • 2001 (October 7): start of the war in Afghanistan, launched by the United States against the Taliban regime, which shelters Osama bin Laden, the leader of the terrorist group Al-Qaeda, responsible for the attacks of September 11, 2001.
  • 2001 (November 13): the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan becomes the Islamic State of Afghanistan again. End of the government in exile of the Islamic State of Afghanistan. Afghanistan War (2001-2014)
  • 2002 (June 19): establishment of a transitional government.
  • 2004 (January 4th): adoption in Afghanistan of a Constitution by the Constitutional Loya Jirga, under the auspices of the Special Representative of the Secretary General of the United Nations, Lakhdar Brahimi. It establishes a new Islamic republic of Afghanistan and institutes a presidential system and a parliament made up of an assembly elected by universal suffrage and a senate.
  • 2004 (January 26): the Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan becomes the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan.
  • 2006 (March 23): adoption by the United Nations Security Council of resolution 1662 extending the mandate of the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan for one year.
  • 2006: the Afghan government nominates Hedayat Arsala, Minister of Commerce and close to President Hamid Karzai, of whom he is the main adviser, to succeed Koffi Annan as Secretary General of the United Nations.
  • 2015: War in Afghanistan (2001-2021)
  • 2021: American troops begin their final withdrawal from the country. Faced with the Taliban offensive, which took advantage of the American withdrawal, various countries evacuated their nationals from July. As of August 15, the Taliban controlled 267 out of the 407 districts in the country as well as 26 out of 34 provincial capitals and entered Kabul after the flight of Ashraf Ghani.

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