Language/Afar/Pronunciation/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation

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Following the completion of this lesson, consider taking a look at these associated topics: Days of the Week, How to Use "Have".

Letters[edit | edit source]

Letter Name IPA
A a a [ʌ]
B b ba [b]
T t ta [t]
S s sa [s]
E e e [e]
C c ca [ħ]
K k ka [k]
X x xa [ɖ]
I i i [i]
D d da [d]
Q q qa [ʕ]
R r ra [r]
F f fa [f]
G g ga [g]
O o o [o]
L l la [l]
M m ma [m]
N n na [n]
U u u [u]
W w wa [w]
H h ha [h]
Y y ya [j]

Consonants[edit | edit source]

The consonants of the Afar language in the standard orthography are listed below (with IPA notation in brackets):

  Labial Alveolar Retroflex Palatal Velar Pharyngeal Glottal
Stops voiceless     t  [t]       k  [k]    
voiced   b  [b]   d  [d]       g  [ɡ]    
Fricatives voiceless   f  [f]   s  [s]         c  [ħ]   h  [h]
voiced             q  [ʕ]  
Nasals   m  [m]   n  [n]          
Approximants   w  [w]   l  [l]     y  [j]      
Tap     r  [ɾ]   x  [ɖ]      

Voiceless stop consonants which close syllables are released, e.g., [ʌkʰˈme].

Vowels[edit | edit source]

Long Vowels[edit | edit source]

Long vowel aa ee ii oo uu
IPA [aː] [eː] [iː] [oː] [uː]

stress[edit | edit source]

short[edit | edit source]

  • a [ʌ]
  • e [e]
  • i [i]
  • o [o]
  • u [u]

long[edit | edit source]

  • aa [aː]
  • ee [eː]
  • ii [iː]
  • oo [oː]
  • uu [uː]

Sentence final vowels of affirmative verbs are aspirated (and stressed), e.g. abeh = /aˈbeʰ/ 'He did.' Sentence final vowels of negative verbs are not aspirated (nor stressed), e.g. maabinna = /ˈmaabinna/ 'He did not do.' Sentence final vowels of interrogative verbs are lengthened (and stressed), e.g. abee? = /aˈbeː/ 'Did he do?' Otherwise, stress in word-final.

Sources[edit | edit source]

Contributors

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