Language/Abkhazian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be

Abkhazian Grammar - How to Use "Be"

Hi Abkhazian learners! 😊
In this lesson, you will learn how to use the verb "be" in Abkhazian. We will cover the present tense, past tense and future tense, and also give examples of how to use "be" in everyday conversations. Make sure to also check out our find native speakers and ask them any questions about the language!

The Present Tense

In Abkhazian, the verb "be" in the present tense is "аԥы". It can be used in the following ways:

Abkhazian	Pronunciation	English
Аԥы алында.	"apɨ alɨnda"	He is here.
Аԥы Ариэлла.	"apɨ Ariel-la"	It is Ariella.
Аԥы лакIа.	"apɨ lak'ia"	It is sunny.
Аԥы адылыла.	"apɨ adɨlɨla"	She is happy.

Here are some examples of how to use "be" in conversations:

• Person 1: Иаҳәа да лакIа? (Iahәa da lak'ia?) - "Is it sunny today?"
• Person 2: Аԥы да лакIа. (Apɨ da lak'ia) - "Yes, it is sunny."

The Past Tense

To talk about the past tense in Abkhazian, you need to use the auxiliary verb "был", which means "was" or "were". Here is how you can use it:

Abkhazian	Pronunciation	English
Амммон был адгьыгьыза.	"ammon byl adɣəɣəza"	Ammon was a doctor.
Арӡәыл был алхәы.	"Arźәәl byl alhәә"	Arzayl was tired.
Аҳәын был ахатәу.	"Ahәәn byl ahatәu"	Ahyan was late.

Here is a dialogue for the past tense:

• Person 1: Шыҧқәын аҳәын был ахатәу? (Shypqәәn ahyan byl ahatәu?) - "Was Shypqan late?"
• Person 2: Ае, шыҧқәын аҳәын был ахатәу. (Ae, shypqәәn ahyan byl ahatәu) - "Yes, Shypqan was late."

The Future Tense

To talk about the future in Abkhazian, you can use either the present tense of the verb "be" or the auxiliary verb "был". Here are some examples:

Abkhazian	Pronunciation	English
Аԥы антл.	"apɨ antl"	He will come.
Аԥы антл-ырыҧ.	"apɨ antl-yryp"	They will come.
Бгъылыӡ джән-ла шәақәыл-бжь.	"Bғɨlyʒ d͡ʒən-la šʷiaqəyl-bž'."	Tomorrow, Jen will be tired.

Here is a dialogue for the future tense:

• Person 1: Ада да архаԥԥа ридақәыл? (Ada da arhapɨpɨa ridaqəyl?) - "Are you going to the library tomorrow?"
• Person 2: Аԥы да архаԥԥа ридақәыл. (Apɨ da arhapɨpɨa ridaqəyl) - "Yes, I am going to the library tomorrow."

Remember that in Abkhazian, you usually do not need to indicate the subject of the sentence, as it is implied by the verb form itself.

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➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

Other Lessons

• Nouns
• Plurals
• Future Tense
• Adjectives
• How to Use Have
• Questions
• Give your Opinion
• Negation
• Conditional Mood

Sources

• Abkhazian Grammar - How to Use "Be"

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