Language/Tatar/Grammar/Past-Tense

From Polyglot Club WIKI
< Language‎ | Tatar‎ | Grammar
Revision as of 22:27, 2 April 2023 by Maintenance script (talk | contribs) (Quick edit)
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Rate this lesson:
0.00
(0 votes)

◀️ Present Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Common Foods ▶️

97811941-9694-466D-889A-B76F2688EA21.jpeg
Tatar → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Verbs and Tenses → Past Tense

The past tense is an essential verb tense in Tatar that is used to describe actions or events that happened in the past. In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate regular and irregular verbs in the past tense and practice using them in sentences to talk about past actions and events.


Take a moment to explore these relevant pages as you conclude this lesson: Prepositions & Conjunctions.

Regular Past Tense Verbs

Regular past tense verbs in Tatar are formed by adding the suffix -ды (-dı) to the root of the verb for first- and second-person singular and third-person plural. For first- and second-person plural and third-person singular, the suffix -дык (-dık) is added instead. The table below shows examples of regular past tense verb conjugations:

Tatar Pronunciation English
йөрәгәм yörägäm I walked
йөрәгәң yörägäñ You walked
йөрәгә yörägä He/She/It walked
йөрәгәк yörägäk We walked (exclusive)
йөрәгәмиз yörägämiz We walked (inclusive)
йөрәгәңез yörägäñez You walked
йөрәгәләр yörägälär They walked

As you can see from the table, the suffix -ды (-dı) or -дык (-dık) is added directly to the root of the verb. For example, the verb "йөрә- (yörä-)" means "to walk," and "йөрәгәм (yörägäm)" means "I walked."

To negate a regular past tense verb, the negative particle "мый (-mı)" is added before the past tense suffix. For example, "йөрәмыйдым (yörä-mı-ydım)" means "I did not walk."

Irregular Past Tense Verbs

Irregular past tense verbs in Tatar do not follow the standard pattern of adding the past tense suffix to the root of the verb. Instead, they have unique conjugations that must be memorized. Below are examples of some common irregular past tense verbs:

Tatar Pronunciation English
кайтырдым kaytırdım I returned
сөйләшдем söyleşdäm I talked
етепки etepki Was (He/She/It was)
миндәйме mindäyme Have (I have)

As you can see from the table, irregular past tense verbs can vary widely in their form and pronunciation.

To negate an irregular past tense verb, the negative particle "мый (-mı)" is placed before the verb. For example, "кайтырмыйдым (kaytırmıydım)" means "I did not return."

Using Past Tense Verbs in Sentences

To use past tense verbs in sentences, you need to follow the standard Tatar word order of Subject-Object-Verb (SOV). For example:

  • Мин бәшәдә бардым. (Min bäşädä bardım.) - I went to the park.
  • Акыллылар спорт залына кирәгә чыгарганлар. (Akıllılar sport zalına kirägä çığırganlar.) - The smart ones went to the gym.

You can also use time expressions to specify exactly when the action or event took place. For example:

  • Ушак бер чөкләткәндә китап юклады. (Uşaq ber çöklätkände kitap yukladı.) - The child lost the book yesterday.
  • Бугән мен Ирода булаңнан килдим. (Bugän men Irada bulañnan kildim) - I came from Irada's house today.

It is important to remember that in Tatar, the verb needs to agree with the subject of the sentence in terms of number and person. For example:

  • Мин урамда бекетесем, яшергә җырав. (Min uramda bekätesem, yaşergä çıraw.) - If I had free time, I would go to the cinema. (Notice the first-person singular verb "бекетесем (bekätesem)" agreeing with "мин (min)").

Practice

Translate the following sentences into Tatar:

  1. I studied Tatar for a year.
  2. They cooked pilaf for lunch.
  3. Did you invite your friends to the party?
  4. She slept for 8 hours last night.
  5. We watched a movie in the evening.

Answers:

  1. Мин бер елде Татар телеен сине-кәп өчен куралдым. (Min ber elde Tatar teleen sine-käp öçen kuraldım.)
  2. Улар көннәрдә пиләв яптылар. (Ular kön-närdä piläv yaptılar.)
  3. Дәмәгеү тусыйнызға сәбәп бармы? (Dämägeü tusıynızğa säbäp barmı?)
  4. Ул якшанба кичәндә 8 сәгать үткән. (Ul yakşanba kiçändä 8 sähät ütkän.)
  5. Без тәүгәнердә фильм карауыҙ. (Bez täügänärdä fil'm karawız.)

Write the following sentences in the negative form:

  1. Мин библиотекага бардым. (Min bibliotekaga bardım.)
  2. Улар Татарстанда туган икән. (Ular Tatarstanda tuğan ikän.)
  3. Сезнең яшәген туганныңз һакъында беләм. (Sezneñ yaşägen tuğannıñz haq'ında beläm.)

Answers:

  1. Мин библиотекага бармыйдым. (Min bibliotekaga barmıydım.)
  2. Улар Татарстанда туганмаҙ. (Ular Tatarstanda tuğanmaz.)
  3. Сезнең яшәген туганныңз һакъында билмәйман. (Sezneñ yaşägen tuğannıñz haq'ında bilmäymän.)

Congratulations! You have now learned the Tatar past tense and how to use it in sentences to talk about past actions and events. Keep practicing and building your Tatar skills!

Table of Contents - Tatar Course - 0 to A1


Greetings and Introductions


Sentence Structure


Numbers and Time


Nouns and Pronouns


Family and Relationships


Verbs and Tenses


Food and Dining


Adjectives and Adverbs


Travel and Transportation


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Hobbies and Leisure


Tatar Customs and Traditions


Shopping and Services


Negation and Commands


Tatar History and Society


Other Lessons


Sources

Template:Tatar-Page-Bottom

◀️ Present Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Common Foods ▶️

Contributors

Maintenance script

Create a new Lesson

Retrieved from "https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/index.php?title=Language/Tatar/Grammar/Past-Tense&oldid=215902"