Difference between revisions of "Language/Tatar/Grammar/Comparatives-and-Superlatives"
m (Quick edit) |
m (Quick edit) |
||
| Line 145: | Line 145: | ||
[[Category:Tatar-0-to-A1-Course]] | [[Category:Tatar-0-to-A1-Course]] | ||
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo></span> <span temperature=1></span> | <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo></span> <span temperature=1></span> | ||
==Other Lessons== | |||
* [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Gender|Gender]] | |||
* [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Negation|Negation]] | |||
* [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] | |||
* [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Noun-Cases|Noun Cases]] | |||
* [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]] | |||
* [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Question-Formation|Question Formation]] | |||
* [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]] | |||
* [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]] | |||
* [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Past-Tense|Past Tense]] | |||
* [[Language/Tatar/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]] | |||
{{Tatar-Page-Bottom}} | {{Tatar-Page-Bottom}} | ||
<span links></span> | <span links></span> | ||
Revision as of 21:36, 2 April 2023
Introduction
In this lesson, we will focus on comparatives and superlatives in Tatar. We will learn how to form them, and practice using them in sentences to compare and describe things.
Comparatives and superlatives are important in everyday conversations. For example, when we want to compare two things, we use comparatives. When we want to compare three or more things, we use superlatives. Knowing how to use comparatives and superlatives will help you express your ideas more clearly in Tatar.
With the completion of this lesson, consider investigating these related pages: Plurals & Noun Cases.
Forming Comparatives
In Tatar, we use the suffix "-ары" to form comparatives. To use it, we simply add the suffix to the end of the adjective, after dropping its final vowel.
For example:
| Tatar | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| яхшы | yaxşı | good |
| яхшы-ары | yaxşı-ary | better |
In the example above, we have the adjective "яхшы" (yaxşı) which means "good". By adding the suffix "-ары" to it, we get the comparative form "яхшы-ары" (yaxşı-ary) which means "better".
Let's see some more examples:
| Tatar | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| көңүлсүз | köñülsüz | boring |
| көңүлсүз-ары | köñülsüz-ary | more boring |
| асыңлы | asıñlı | clean |
| асыңлы-ары | asıñlı-ary | cleaner |
As you can see in the examples above, we simply drop the final vowel of the adjective and add the suffix "-ары". Remember to use the comparative form when comparing two things.
Forming Superlatives
To form superlatives in Tatar, we use the suffix "-чылык". We add the suffix to the end of the adjective after dropping its final vowel and adding the possessive suffix "-ымыз" for "our" or "-ыңыз" for "your".
For example:
| Tatar | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| яхшы | yaxşı | good |
| яхшы-чылык | yaxşı-çılıq | the best |
| бәхетле | bähetle | happy |
| бәхетле-чылык | bähetle-çılıq | the happiest |
In the above example, we first drop the final vowel of the adjective "яхшы" and add the suffix "-чылык" to form the superlative "яхшы-чылык" which means "the best". Then we add the possessive suffix "-ымыз" or "-ыңыз" to indicate our or your best.
Let's see some more examples:
| Tatar | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| еңгә | eñgä | good |
| еңгә-чылык | eñgä-çılıq | the best |
| алтын | altın | young |
| алтын-чылык | altın-çılıq | the youngest |
As you can see in the examples above, the suffix "-чылык" is added to the end of the adjective after dropping the final vowel. Then, we add the possessive suffix "-ымыз" or "-ыңыз" to indicate our or your superlative.
Irregular Comparatives and Superlatives
Some adjectives in Tatar have irregular comparative and superlative forms. Let's see some examples:
| Tatar | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| ий | iý | good |
| юп | yap | better (comparative) |
| ине-ле | ine-le | the best (superlative) |
| илдез | ildez | bad |
| илдиз-ле | ildiz-le | worse (comparative) |
| илдез-чылык | ildez-çılıq | the worst (superlative) |
As you can see in the examples above, the comparative and superlative forms of "ий" are irregular. We use "юп" for the comparative and "ине-ле" for the superlative.
Likewise, the comparative and superlative forms of "илдез" are also irregular. We use "илдиз-ле" for the comparative and "илдез-чылык" for the superlative.
Remember to pay attention to irregular forms when forming comparatives and superlatives in Tatar.
Using Comparatives and Superlatives in Sentences
Now that we know how to form comparatives and superlatives in Tatar, let's practice using them in sentences.
- Мингә аныңды карап керә теләсәң? (Minğä anyñdı karap kerä teläsäñ?) - Did you see the bigger one?
In the example sentence above, we use the comparative form "аныңды" (anyñdy) which means "bigger" to compare two things. "Карап керә" (karap kerä) means "did you see".
- Бу сирә ничек төп асыңлыккы? (Bu sirä niçek töp asıñlıkka?) - Which one is the cleanest room?
In the example sentence above, we use the superlative form "асыңлыккы" (asıñlıqqa) which means "cleanest" to compare three or more things. "Ничек төп" (niçek töp) means "which room".
- Рәсәд басу времене башкарма ийә? (Räsäd basu vremene başqarma iä?) - Is Räsäd better at directing during rehearsal?
In the example sentence above, we use the comparative form "ийә" (iä) which means "better" to compare two things. "Башкарма" (başqarma) means "directing" and "времене" (vremene) means "during rehearsal".
Conclusion
In this lesson, we learned how to form comparatives and superlatives in Tatar. We also practiced using them in sentences to compare and describe things. Remember to pay attention to irregular forms and use the comparative form when comparing two things and the superlative form when comparing three or more things.
With this new grammar knowledge, you can now express yourself more clearly in Tatar! Good luck on your language journey!
With this lesson finished, you may want to explore these additional pages: 0 to A1 Course & How to Use Have.