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Revision as of 18:51, 29 March 2023
| ◀️ Transportation and Directions — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Conditional and Subjunctive ▶️ |
Welcome to Unit 5 of the Complete 0 to A1 Sinhala Course. In this lesson, we will learn how to use adjectives and adverbs to describe people, places, and things. Adjectives and adverbs are useful words that can make your Sinhala sentences more descriptive and interesting. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to use a variety of adjectives and adverbs in your Sinhala sentences with confidence.
Finish this lesson and explore these related pages: Passive Voice & Conditional Mood.
Adjectives
Adjectives are words that are used to describe or modify nouns or pronouns. In Sinhala, adjectives are usually placed after the noun they describe. Here are some examples:
| Sinhala | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| කුඩුරු | kuduru | big |
| මොහොතේ | mohothae | small |
| පොඩි | podi | young |
| පියෙන් | piyenn | old |
As you can see from the table above, adjectives in Sinhala have a simple one-word structure. They are easy to use and remember. To make a complete sentence with an adjective, all you need to do is to add a noun to it. For example:
- කුඩුරු මිනිසුන් || kuduru minisun || big elephants - මොහොතේ පේන්නෙන් || mohothae pennaenne || small birds - පොඩි පිරිසිඳුණු යොවුන් || podi pirisidunuu yowun || young couples
In Sinhala, adjectives do not change in form according to the gender or number of the noun they describe. This makes it easier for beginners to use adjectives correctly.
Here are some more examples of common adjectives in Sinhala:
- රසායන් || rasayann || colorful - කොඩියක් || kodiyaak || dark - ලොකු || lokku || beautiful - පිපිරි || pipiri || ugly - දියතලාව || diyathalawaa || busy - සුදු || sudu || white - කළු || kalu || black - හොඳම || hondama || good - නිවේදන || nivedana || bad
You can use these adjectives to describe all sorts of things in Sinhala, from people and animals to places and objects. Remember to place the adjective after the noun or pronoun it describes.
Adverbs
Adverbs are words that are used to modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. In Sinhala, adverbs are usually formed by adding the suffix "-ක" ("-ka") to an adjective. For example:
- රසායන්වල කොහොමද කරනවා || rasayannwala kohomada karanavaa || How do you do it so colorfully? - පොඩි කොල්ලයේ හොඳම ගැහුවා || podi kollayae hondama gehuwa || She sings well at a young age. - මොහොතේ ප්‍රොඩ්ල කොහෙද තියෙනවා || mohothae prodhla koheda tienavaa || How does the small bike go so fast? - ලේසිතියෙන් කොහොමද සැමරියේ ගම්මානයක් හදුනා || lesithiyen kohomada semariyae gammnaayak handunaa || How to make a beautiful flower garden?
As you can see from these examples, you can add "-ක" ("-ka") to many adjectives to form adverbs. However, not all adjectives can be turned into adverbs in this way.
Here are some more examples of common adverbs in Sinhala:
- කිසිල්ලා || kisilla || slowly - හොඳම් || hondam || well - නිතියේ || nithiyae || fast - ඒකාන්තරයි || ekantariyi || exactly - කම්බර්දයි || kambardyai || badly - ඇත්තේ || etthae || already
Adverbs in Sinhala can help you to express time, manner, frequency, degree, and other aspects of meaning in your sentences. They can also make your sentences more detailed and precise.
Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs
In Sinhala, as in many other languages, adjectives and adverbs can be compared using comparative and superlative forms. Comparative forms are used to compare two things, while superlative forms are used to compare more than two things. In Sinhala, the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives and adverbs are formed by adding the following suffixes:
- සමඟ ("-samaga"): comparative - වම් ("-vam"): superlative
For example:
- කුඩුරු අයුරු || kuduru ayuru || big elephant - කුඩුරු අයුරු සමඟ || kuduru ayuru samaga || bigger elephant - කුඩුරු ලියුම් || kuduru liyum || the biggest elephant
Here are some more examples:
- පොඩි මුහුදු || podi muhudu || young child - පොඩි මුහුදු සමඟ || podi muhudu samaga || younger child - පොඩි ආයේ || podi aayae || the youngest child
- මොහොතේ කිරිල්ල || mohothae kirilla || small house - මොහොතේ කිරිල්ල සමඟ || mohothae kirilla samaga || smaller house - මොහොතේ අත්හිටුවන || mohothae athithun || the smallest house
- කුඩුරු කොටුව || kuduru kottuwa || big tree - කුඩුරු කොටුව සමඟ || kuduru kottuwa samaga || bigger tree - කුඩුරු පර්වාසයි || kuduru parwaasai || the biggest tree
Remember that adjectives and adverbs, like other parts of speech, can be modified by prefixes and suffixes to create new words, change meanings, or express different aspects of grammar. To become more comfortable using adjectives and adverbs in Sinhala, try to practice forming sentences with different adjectives and adverbs, and keep expanding your vocabulary with new words.
That's it for this lesson on adjectives and adverbs. In the next lesson, we will learn about conditional and subjunctive forms in Sinhala. Keep practicing, and see you next time!
Other Lessons
- 0 to A1 Course
- Give your Opinion
- Questions
- How to Use Be
- Expressions and Idioms
- Passive Voice
- Conditional Mood
- How to Use Have
- Future Tense
Sources
Videos
Lesson 5 Comparative and superlative Adjectives in Sinhala ...
| ◀️ Transportation and Directions — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Conditional and Subjunctive ▶️ |