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<div class="pg_page_title">Kirghiz Grammar - Nouns</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">Kirghiz Grammar - Nouns</div>
Hi Kirghiz learners! 😊<br>In today's lesson, we will be discussing the basics of Kirghiz nouns. We will cover topics such as noun gender, noun declension, and noun plurals. By the end of this lesson, you should have a good understanding of how to use nouns in Kirghiz.  
 
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/kirghiz Kirghiz] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will focus on Kirghiz nouns, including their gender, number, and cases. Learning Kirghiz grammar is a great way to improve your communication skills in the language. To improve your Kirghiz [https://polyglotclub.com/language/kirghiz/grammar Grammar], you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=68 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/kirghiz/question questions]!
 
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== Noun Gender ==
== Gender ==
 
Kirghiz nouns have two genders: masculine and feminine. However, there are some words that can have both genders, depending on the context in which they are used. For example, "doctor" can be either masculine or feminine, depending on the gender of the person being referred to.
 
Here are some common Kirghiz nouns and their genders:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Kirghiz !! Pronunciation !! Gender !! English
|-
| аял || ayal || feminine || woman
|-
| адам || adam || masculine || man
|-
| бала || bala || neutral || child
|}
 
== Number ==
 
Kirghiz nouns can be singular or plural. The plural is usually formed by adding the suffix "-дар" (dar) to the end of the noun.
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Kirghiz !! Pronunciation !! Singular !! Plural
|-
| китеп || kitep || book || китепдер (kitepder)
|-
| түш || tüş || bird || түшдөр (tüşdör)
|-
| омуз || omuz || shoulder || омуздар (omuzdar)
|}
 
== Cases ==
 
Kirghiz nouns change according to their grammatical case, which indicates the noun's function in the sentence. Kirghiz has seven cases:
 
1. Nominative
2. Genitive
3. Dative
4. Accusative
5. Locative
6. Ablative
7. Comitative
 
Each case has a suffix that is added to the end of the noun.
 
=== Nominative ===
 
The nominative case is used for the subject of the sentence, and it does not require a suffix.
 
* Он бала. (On bala.) - He is a child.
 
=== Genitive ===
 
The genitive case is used to show possession, and it is formed by adding the suffix "-нын" (nyn) to the end of the noun.
 
* Атамнын китеби. (Atamnyn kitebi.) - My father's book.
 
=== Dative ===
 
The dative case is used to indicate the indirect object of the sentence. It is formed by adding the suffix "-га" (ga) to the end of the noun.
 
* Мене китепке бер. (Mene kitepke ber.) - Give me the book.
 
=== Accusative ===
 
The accusative case is used to indicate the direct object of the sentence. It is formed by adding the suffix "-ды" (dy) to the end of the noun.
 
* Мен китепти окуй алдым. (Men kitepti okuy aldym.) - I read the book.
 
=== Locative ===


Kirghiz nouns can be either masculine or feminine. The gender of a noun is usually determined by its ending. Masculine nouns typically end in -а or -у, while feminine nouns typically end in -ы or -и. For example, the word for "book" (китеп) is masculine, while the word for "pen" (калам) is feminine.  
The locative case is used to indicate location. It is formed by adding the suffix "-да" (da) to the end of the noun.


=== Noun Declension ===
* Биз ойда жашайбыз. (Biz oida jashaybyz.) - We live in a house.


Kirghiz nouns are declined according to their gender and number. Masculine nouns are declined in the following way:
=== Ablative ===


* Singular: Nominative (subject) - китеп, Accusative (direct object) - китепти, Dative (indirect object) - китепке
The ablative case is used to indicate movement away from something. It is formed by adding the suffix "-дан" (dan) to the end of the noun.
* Plural: Nominative - китептер, Accusative - китептерди, Dative - китептерге


Feminine nouns are declined in the following way:
* Мен ормустан кеттим. (Men ormustan kettim.) - I left the village.


* Singular: Nominative - калам, Accusative - каламды, Dative - каламнын
=== Comitative ===
* Plural: Nominative - каламдар, Accusative - каламдарды, Dative - каламдарга


== Noun Plurals ==
The comitative case is used to indicate accompaniment. It is formed by adding the suffix "-бел" (bel) to the end of the noun.


Kirghiz nouns can be either singular or plural. To form the plural of a noun, you simply add the suffix -дар/-тер to the end of the word. For example, the word for "book" (китеп) becomes "books" (китептер). Similarly, the word for "pen" (калам) becomes "pens" (каламдар).
* Сенин менен бараттарың? (Senin menen barattaryng?) - Are you coming with me?


=== Exceptions ===
== Dialogue ==


There are some exceptions to the rules for forming noun plurals. For example, nouns ending in -а or -я do not take the suffix -дар/-тер. Instead, they take the suffix -лар/-лер. For example, the word for "teacher" (оодон) becomes "teachers" (оодонлар).  
* Person 1: Бул китеп канча эмес? (Bul kitep kança emes?) (How much is this book?)
* Person 2: Бул китеп тоңуз сом чыккан. (Bul kitep toñuz som çykkan.) (This book costs ten soms.)
* Person 1: Тоңуз сом жакшы. (Toñuz som jaqşı.) (Ten soms is good.)
* Person 2: Тандоо жасайбыз. (Tandoo jasaybyz.) (Let's buy it.)


<hr>If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
== Sources ==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrgyz_grammar Kyrgyz grammar]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrgyz_language Kyrgyz language]




==Related Lessons==
{{#seo:
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
|title=Kirghiz Grammar - Nouns
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
|keywords=Kirghiz, grammar, nouns, gender, plural, cases, dialogue
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about Kirghiz nouns, including their gender, number, and cases. Examples, dialogues, and cultural insights included!
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
}}
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Personal-pronouns|Personal pronouns]]
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]


{{Kirghiz-Page-Bottom}}
{{Kirghiz-Page-Bottom}}

Revision as of 20:17, 4 March 2023

Kyrgyz-language-lessons-polyglotclub-wiki.jpg
Kirghiz Grammar - Nouns

Hi Kirghiz learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will focus on Kirghiz nouns, including their gender, number, and cases. Learning Kirghiz grammar is a great way to improve your communication skills in the language. To improve your Kirghiz Grammar, you can also use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any questions!

Gender

Kirghiz nouns have two genders: masculine and feminine. However, there are some words that can have both genders, depending on the context in which they are used. For example, "doctor" can be either masculine or feminine, depending on the gender of the person being referred to.

Here are some common Kirghiz nouns and their genders:

Kirghiz Pronunciation Gender English
аял ayal feminine woman
адам adam masculine man
бала bala neutral child

Number

Kirghiz nouns can be singular or plural. The plural is usually formed by adding the suffix "-дар" (dar) to the end of the noun.

Kirghiz Pronunciation Singular Plural
китеп kitep book китепдер (kitepder)
түш tüş bird түшдөр (tüşdör)
омуз omuz shoulder омуздар (omuzdar)

Cases

Kirghiz nouns change according to their grammatical case, which indicates the noun's function in the sentence. Kirghiz has seven cases:

1. Nominative 2. Genitive 3. Dative 4. Accusative 5. Locative 6. Ablative 7. Comitative

Each case has a suffix that is added to the end of the noun.

Nominative

The nominative case is used for the subject of the sentence, and it does not require a suffix.

  • Он бала. (On bala.) - He is a child.

Genitive

The genitive case is used to show possession, and it is formed by adding the suffix "-нын" (nyn) to the end of the noun.

  • Атамнын китеби. (Atamnyn kitebi.) - My father's book.

Dative

The dative case is used to indicate the indirect object of the sentence. It is formed by adding the suffix "-га" (ga) to the end of the noun.

  • Мене китепке бер. (Mene kitepke ber.) - Give me the book.

Accusative

The accusative case is used to indicate the direct object of the sentence. It is formed by adding the suffix "-ды" (dy) to the end of the noun.

  • Мен китепти окуй алдым. (Men kitepti okuy aldym.) - I read the book.

Locative

The locative case is used to indicate location. It is formed by adding the suffix "-да" (da) to the end of the noun.

  • Биз ойда жашайбыз. (Biz oida jashaybyz.) - We live in a house.

Ablative

The ablative case is used to indicate movement away from something. It is formed by adding the suffix "-дан" (dan) to the end of the noun.

  • Мен ормустан кеттим. (Men ormustan kettim.) - I left the village.

Comitative

The comitative case is used to indicate accompaniment. It is formed by adding the suffix "-бел" (bel) to the end of the noun.

  • Сенин менен бараттарың? (Senin menen barattaryng?) - Are you coming with me?

Dialogue

  • Person 1: Бул китеп канча эмес? (Bul kitep kança emes?) (How much is this book?)
  • Person 2: Бул китеп тоңуз сом чыккан. (Bul kitep toñuz som çykkan.) (This book costs ten soms.)
  • Person 1: Тоңуз сом жакшы. (Toñuz som jaqşı.) (Ten soms is good.)
  • Person 2: Тандоо жасайбыз. (Tandoo jasaybyz.) (Let's buy it.)

Sources



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